Objective:To conduct a scoping review of financial toxicity assessment tools both domestically and internationally,and to summarize their scoring methods,evaluation content,development approaches,reliability/validity,and application status,aiming to provide references for selecting or developing such tools.Methods:Following scoping review methodology,databases including CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and CINAHL were searched for studies on financial toxicity assessment tools,with the search period spanning from database inception to Oct 8,2024.Results:A total of 34 eligible studies were included,covering 14 financial toxicity assessment tools.These tools primarily focused on economic status,psychosocial responses,or coping behaviors.Tools developed by domestic scholars exhibited strong specificity but lacked generalizability.Conclusions:Existing financial toxicity assessment tools are diverse,yet their reliability and validity in Chinese patient populations require further validation.Most scales lack comprehensive dimensions,and domestically developed tools are overly specific.A universal assessment tool suitable for China's cultural and policy environment needs to be developed.

The prevalence of Class III malocclusion varies among different countries and regions. The populations from Southeast Asian countries (Chinese and Malaysian) showed the highest prevalence rate of 15.8%, which can seriously affect oral function, facial appearance, and mental health. As anterior crossbite tends to worsen with growth, early orthodontic treatment can harness growth potential to normalize maxillofacial development or reduce skeletal malformation severity, thereby reducing the difficulty and shortening the treatment cycle of later-stage treatment. This is beneficial for the physical and mental growth of children. Therefore, early orthodontic treatment for Class III malocclusion is particularly important. Determining the optimal timing for early orthodontic treatment requires a comprehensive assessment of clinical manifestations, dental age, and skeletal age, and can lead to better results with less effort. Currently, standardized treatment guidelines for early orthodontic treatment of Class III malocclusion are lacking. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the etiology, clinical manifestations, classification, and early orthodontic techniques for Class III malocclusion, along with systematic discussions on selecting early treatment plans. The purpose of this expert consensus is to standardize clinical practices and improve the treatment outcomes of Class III malocclusion through early orthodontic treatment.
Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III/classification* ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods* ; Consensus ; Child

Lung cancer patients frequently experience multiple co-occurring symptoms that manifest as symptom clusters during treatment,severely compromising patients'quality of life.Sentinel symptoms,coexisting with symptom clusters,serve as predictive indicators for the emergence of these clusters.This study focuses on sentinel symptoms within symptom clusters in lung cancer patients,reviewing the current research status,identification methods,related intervention measures,and exist-ing research shortcomings.It summarizes the problems in current studies,with the goal of providing clinical nursing staff to as-sess and manage symptom clusters,as well as to conduct related nursing research.

Objective:To conduct a scoping review of financial toxicity assessment tools both domestically and internationally,and to summarize their scoring methods,evaluation content,development approaches,reliability/validity,and application status,aiming to provide references for selecting or developing such tools.Methods:Following scoping review methodology,databases including CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and CINAHL were searched for studies on financial toxicity assessment tools,with the search period spanning from database inception to Oct 8,2024.Results:A total of 34 eligible studies were included,covering 14 financial toxicity assessment tools.These tools primarily focused on economic status,psychosocial responses,or coping behaviors.Tools developed by domestic scholars exhibited strong specificity but lacked generalizability.Conclusions:Existing financial toxicity assessment tools are diverse,yet their reliability and validity in Chinese patient populations require further validation.Most scales lack comprehensive dimensions,and domestically developed tools are overly specific.A universal assessment tool suitable for China's cultural and policy environment needs to be developed.

Lung cancer patients frequently experience multiple co-occurring symptoms that manifest as symptom clusters during treatment,severely compromising patients'quality of life.Sentinel symptoms,coexisting with symptom clusters,serve as predictive indicators for the emergence of these clusters.This study focuses on sentinel symptoms within symptom clusters in lung cancer patients,reviewing the current research status,identification methods,related intervention measures,and exist-ing research shortcomings.It summarizes the problems in current studies,with the goal of providing clinical nursing staff to as-sess and manage symptom clusters,as well as to conduct related nursing research.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are an emerging tumor treatment approach following traditional surgery,chemoradiotherapy and targeted therapy.They have proven to be effective in a variety of cancers.However,they may induce immune-related adverse events(irAEs)during treatment,which may affect patients'quality of life and lead to treatment interruption or cessation.The key to preventing irAEs is early evaluation and identification of medical staff.Therefore,this article reviews the clinical manifestations and influencing factors of irAEs to help the early identification of high-risk groups and provide reference for clinical nursing work.

MHNTs@PDA@ZIF-8 with rod-shaped core-shell structures was synthesized and used as sorbent in magnetic solid phase extraction(MSPE).MHNTs@PDA@ZIF-8-MSPE method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was employed to analyze sixteen kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in tea beverages.Vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques were used to characterize the MHNTs@PDA@ZIF-8.The results demonstrated that the MHNTs@PDA@ZIF-8 exhibited significant magnetic properties and a large specific surface area.The experimental conditions that could affect MSPE were investigated,including adsorbent dosage,extraction time,desorption time,ionic strength,desorption solvent type,and desorption solvent volume.The optimal conditions were 10 mg of MHNTs@PDA@ZIF-8 as adsorbent,90 s under vortex extraction,and ultrasonic desorption for 60 s with 1 mL ofn-hexane.The sixteen kinds of PAHs showed good linearity in the concentration range of 5-500 μg/L(r2≥0.995).The limits of detection(S/N=3)and quantitation(S/N=10)were in the range of 0.1-0.8 μg/L and 0.3-2.6 μg/L,respectively.The recoveries of the method ranged from 60.9%to 114.7%,with relative standard deviations(n=3)ranging from 0.2%to 9.2%when the addition levels of sixteen kinds of PAHs were 10,50,and 100 μg/L.The method was simple,fast,sensitive and environmentally friendly,and suitable for detecting sixteen kinds of PAHs in tea beverages.

AIM: To report 5 cases with drug-induced bilateral acute ciliochoroidal effusion(DBACE)and myopic shift, with or without ocular hypertension(OHT), summarize patients' clinical characteristics and recovery process of DBACE, and investigate the possible pathophysiological mechanism.METHODS:A retrospective observational case study conducted from June 2017 to February 2021. The included patients were subjected to a series of ocular examinations listed as follows: 1)best corrected visual acuity; 2)intraocular pressure(IOP); 3)slit-lamp microscopy; 4)fundus photography; 5)ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM); 6)subjective optometry; 7)axial length and anterior chamber depth. All patients were followed up every 2d until the diopters were completely restored to the state before the disease onset.RESULTS:In total, 5 patients aged 10-45 years old, including 3 female and 2 male patients, were enrolled in this study. All patients were bilaterally involved(5/5), and had myopic shift(5/5), of whom 3 patients had OHT(3/5). With the increase of age, myopic shift decreased, while OHT increased. Based on OHT, the dynamic aggravation process of DBACE was subdivided into 2 stages, stage 1(myopic shift without OHT)and stage 2(myopic shift with OHT). With the deterioration of DBACE, when myopic shift approached or exceeded the minimum amplitude of accommodation(MAA), IOP gradually rose, and DBACE progressed from stage 1 to stage 2. With the recovery of DBACE after discontinuing the suspicious drugs, DBACE in stage 2 first returned to stage 1, and then returned to normal.CONCLUSION:Pathophysiological mechanism of DBACE was subdivided into 2 stages, including stage 1(myopic shift without OHT)and stage 2(myopic shift with OHT). The transition between the two stages depends on the imbalance between myopic shift and MAA.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and the risk factors of fungal sepsis in 25 neonatal intensive care units (NICU) among preterm infants in China, and to provide a basis for preventive strategies of fungal sepsis. Methods: This was a second-analysis of the data from the "reduction of infection in neonatal intensive care units using the evidence-based practice for improving quality" study. The current status of fungal sepsis of the 24 731 preterm infants with the gestational age of <34⁺⁰ weeks, who were admitted to 25 participating NICU within 7 days of birth between May 2015 and April 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. These preterm infants were divided into the fungal sepsis group and the without fungal sepsis group according to whether they developed fungal sepsis to analyze the incidences and the microbiology of fungal sepsis. Chi-square test was used to compare the incidences of fungal sepsis in preterm infants with different gestational ages and birth weights and in different NICU. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to study the outcomes of preterm infants with fungal sepsis, which were further compared with those of preterm infants without fungal sepsis. The 144 preterm infants in the fungal sepsis group were matched with 288 preterm infants in the non-fungal sepsis group by propensity score-matched method. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of fungal sepsis. Results: In all, 166 (0.7%) of the 24 731 preterm infants developed fungal sepsis, with the gestational age of (29.7±2.0) weeks and the birth weight of (1 300±293) g. The incidence of fungal sepsis increased with decreasing gestational age and birth weight (both P<0.001). The preterm infants with gestational age of <32 weeks accounted for 87.3% (145/166). The incidence of fungal sepsis was 1.0% (117/11 438) in very preterm infants and 2.0% (28/1 401) in extremely preterm infants, and was 1.3% (103/8 060) in very low birth weight infants and 1.7% (21/1 211) in extremely low birth weight infants, respectively. There was no fungal sepsis in 3 NICU, and the incidences in the other 22 NICU ranged from 0.7% (10/1 397) to 2.9% (21/724), with significant statistical difference (P<0.001). The pathogens were mainly Candida (150/166, 90.4%), including 59 cases of Candida albicans and 91 cases of non-Candida albicans, of which Candida parapsilosis was the most common (41 cases). Fungal sepsis was independently associated with increased risk of moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (adjusted OR 1.52, 95%CI 1.04-2.22, P=0.030) and severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (adjusted OR 2.55, 95%CI 1.12-5.80, P=0.025). Previous broad spectrum antibiotics exposure (adjusted OR=2.50, 95%CI 1.50-4.17, P<0.001), prolonged use of central line (adjusted OR=1.05, 95%CI 1.03-1.08, P<0.001) and previous total parenteral nutrition (TPN) duration (adjusted OR=1.04, 95%CI 1.02-1.06, P<0.001) were all independently associated with increasing risk of fungal sepsis. Conclusions: Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis are the main pathogens of fungal sepsis among preterm infants in Chinese NICU. Preterm infants with fungal sepsis are at increased risk of moderate to severe BPD and severe ROP. Previous broad spectrum antibiotics exposure, prolonged use of central line and prolonged duration of TPN will increase the risk of fungal sepsis. Ongoing initiatives are needed to reduce fungal sepsis based on these risk factors.
Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Birth Weight ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Retrospective Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Gestational Age ; Infant, Extremely Premature ; Sepsis/epidemiology* ; Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology* ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/epidemiology*

OBJECTIVE: To describe the submucosal microbial profiles of peri-implantitis and healthy implants, and to explore bacteria that might be correlated with clinical parameters. METHODS: In the present cross-sectional study, 49 patients were recruited. Each patient contributed with one implant, submucosal biofilms were collected from 20 healthy implants and 29 implants with peri-implantitis. DNA was extracted and bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) genes were amplified. Submucosal biofilms were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing at Illumina MiSeq platform. Differences between the groups were determined by analyzing α diversity, microbial component and microbial structure. The potential correlation between the bacteria with pocket probing depth (PPD) of peri-implant calculated by Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS: The α diversity of submucosal microbial of health group was significantly lower than that in peri-implantitis group (Chao1 index: 236.85±66.13 vs. 150.54±57.43, P < 0.001; Shannon index: 3.42±0.48 vs. 3.02±0.65, P=0.032). Principal coordinated analysis showed that the submucosal microbial structure had significant difference between healthy and peri-implantitis groups [R²=0.243, P=0.001, analysis of similarities (ANOSIM)]. Compared with healthy implants, relative abundance of periodontal pathogens were higher in peri-implantitis, including members of the red complex (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola) and some members of orange complex (Precotella intermedia, Eubacterium nodatum, Parvimonas micra), as well as some new periodontal pathogens, such as Fillifactor alocis, Fretibacterium fastidiosum, Desulfobulbus sp._HMT_041, and Porphyromonas endodontalis. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Treponema denticola (r=0.686, P < 0.001), Tannerella forsythia (r=0.675, P < 0.001), Fretibacterium sp. (r=0.671, P < 0.001), Desulfobulbus sp._HMT_041 (r=0.664, P < 0.001), Filifactor alocis (r=0.642, P < 0.001), Fretibacterium fastidiosum (r=0.604, P < 0.001), Porphyromonas gingivalis (r=0.597, P < 0.001), Porphyromonas endodontalis (r=0.573, P < 0.001) were positive correlated with PPD. While the relative abundance of Rothia aeria (r=-0.615, P < 0.001) showed negatively correlation with PPD. CONCLUSION Marked differences were observed in the microbial profiles of healthy implants and peri-implantitis. The members of red and orange complex as well as some new periodontal pathogens seem to play an important role in peri-implant disease. Compared with healthy implants, the submucosal microbial of peri-implantitis were characterized by high species richness and diversity.
Humans ; Peri-Implantitis/microbiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics* ; Bacterial Load ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; Dental Implants