AIM:To observe the effect of cationic nanoemulsion eye drops on the tear film and ocular surface morphology of orthokeratology wearers, and to provide a basis for the clinical selection of eye drops during orthokeratology wear. METHODS:A prospective study was conducted on patients with refractive errors who were fitted with orthokeratology lenses for the first time at Anhui Aier Eye Hospital,from February 2025 to October 2025. Patients were randomly assigned to the experimental group, which received a cationic nanoemulsion eye drops, or the control group, which received a 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drops. One drop of the assigned lubricant was instilled in each eye before lens insertion and before lens removal in both groups for 3 consecutive months. Uncorrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, anterior corneal curvature, tear film break-up time, tear film lipid layer score, and corneal fluorescein staining score were compared between the two groups at baseline and at 1 wk, 1 and 3 mo after lens wear. RESULTS: A total of 64 eyes(all right eyes)from 64 patients with refractive errors were enrolled. Ultimately, 60 patients completed the final follow-up, including 30 in the experimental group(n=30; male/female: 14/16; age: 9.57±1.07 y)and the control group(n=30; male/female: 12/18; age: 9.43±1.01 y). No significant intergroup differences were found in uncorrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, anterior corneal curvature, or corneal fluorescein staining scores either before or after lens wear(all P>0.05).The tear film break-up time was significantly longer and tear film lipid layer score was significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group at post-wear time point(all P<0.05). Uncorrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, and anterior corneal curvature improved significantly from baseline at 1 wk, 1 and 3 mo after lens wear in both groups(all P<0.05). Corneal fluorescein staining scores increased significantly from baseline at 1 wk and 1 mo in the control group(both P<0.05), whereas no significant change was observed in the experimental group. No cases of severe corneal injury(score of 3)were found in either group. CONCLUSION: Cationic nanoemulsion eye drops have a similar effect to 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drops in improving the visual acuity and corneal morphology of orthokeratology wearers, but have more advantages in stabilizing the tear film and improving the state of the tear film lipid layer, and have good safety, so they can be used as an ideal choice of eye drops for orthokeratology wearers.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, associated factors, and vaccine effectiveness of two pertussis cluster outbreaks in two primary schools in Yangzhong City in 2025, so as to provide evidence for school based epidemic prevention and control. Methods: From August 26 to 30, 2025, a pertussis questionnaire was administered to the epidemic affected classes of two primary schools (school A and school B) in Yangzhong City. A descriptive epidemiological retrospective analysis was used to characterize the pertussis cluster outbreaks in Yangzhong City from March to July 2025. A 1∶5 matched case control study (79 cases, 395 controls) was performed. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify associated factors, and the clinical symptom incidence rates, types of pertussis containing vaccines, and timeliness of vaccination were compared between groups using Fisher s exact test. Results: From March to July 2025, a total of 79 pertussis cases were reported in the two schools, with attack rates of 1.33% and 1.01%, respectively. Cases were predominantly aged 7-8 years (85.37% in school A, 73.68% in school B), and the main clinical manifestation was productive cough (63.29%). The pneumonia incidence rate among hospitalized cases ( 57.14 %) was higher than that among nonhospitalized cases(4.17%)(Fisher s exact test, P <0.01). The interval from the last dose to onset was concentrated at 6 to <7 years (44 cases). Logistic regression showed that children exposed to secondhand smoke in daily life ( OR = 3.86 ), those whose desk mates or front/back desk mates took leave due to cough ( OR =4.67), and those whose dining table mates or front/back table mates took leave due to cough ( OR =3.67) had significantly higher risks of pertussis (all P <0.05). A high proportion of both the case group and the control group received the acellular DTaP vaccine (97.47% and 96.96%, respectively),while a low proportion received the pentavalent vaccine (1.27% and 3.04%, respectively). Additionally, one case received only three doses of the acellular DTaP vaccine.The difference in vaccine type distribution between the two groups was not statistically significant (Fisher s exact test, P =0.31). Conclusions The outbreaks represent breakthrough infections under high vaccine coverage. Close contact and secondhand smoke exposure are the main risk factors. A booster immunization strategy with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine should be implemented for school aged children.

Objective To explore the incidence and its influencing factors of transient severe motion(TSM)in the arterial phase of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid(Gd-EOB-DTPA)enhanced MRI.Methods The databases of China National Knowledge Network(CNKI),VIP,Wanfang,PubMed,and Embase were searched for studies on the incidence and influencing factors of TSM,and the search time was from the establishment of the databases to October 2024.Meta-analysis was performed via Stata 17.0 software.Results A total of 30 papers(33 studies)were finally included,totaling 12 565 patients.Meta-analysis results showed that the incidence of TSM in the arterial phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI was 13.0％.The risk factors for TSM included age[odds ratio(OR)=1.03;95％confidence interval(CI)1.02-1.05;P＜0.001),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)(OR=4.21;95％CI 1.76-10.09;P=0.001),and moderate-to-severe pleural effusion(OR=3.34;95％CI 1.69-6.63;P=0.001),while a previous usage history of Gd-EOB-DTPA(OR=0.56;95％CI 0.39-0.81;P=0.002)was a protective factor of TSM.Conclusion The incidence of TSM in the arterial phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI is relatively high.Age,COPD,moderate-to-severe pleural effusion are risk factors for TSM,while the previous usage history of Gd-EOB-DTPA is a protective factor for TSM.

Objective To study the effect of Liuwei Dihuangwan on autophagy level and its mechanism in SAMP8 mice and Aβ-stimulated BV2 cell model,and to explore the molecular mechanism of tonifying the kidney and filling up the essence to prevent and control Alzheimer's disease(AD)through interfering with autophagy.Methods Ten 7-month-old male anti-aging mice(SAMR1)were taken as the normal group,and 40 7-month-old male rapid aging mice(SAMP8)were randomly control and model groups,equal volumes of saline were administered by gavage twice a day for 4 weeks,and the levels of Aβ expression in the hippocampus of the mice in each group were detected by immunofluorescence;The expression levels of FcγRⅡB,c-Src and SHP-1 in the hippocampus of each group were detected by Western blot;BV2 cells were cultured and Fcγ receptor Ⅱ-b(FcγRⅡB)overexpression vectors were constructed;the AD state cell model was established by treating the BV2 cells with 5 μmol·L-1 Aβ1-42,and the Liuwei Dihuangwan drug-containing serum was prepared.The cells were divided into NC group,Aβ1-42 group,blank serum group,drug-containing serum group,Vector group,FcγRⅡB OE group,and drug-containing serum+FcγRⅡB OE group;immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression level of Aβ protein in the cells of each group;Western blot was used to detect the expression level of p62,LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ,FcγRⅡB,SHP-1,and c-Src in cells of each group.Results Compared with the normal group,the hippocampal Aβ,FcγRⅡB,SHP-1,and c-Src expression levels in the model group of mice were significantly higher(P<0.01),and compared with the model group,the expression levels of Aβ,FcγRⅡB,SHP-1,and c-Src in the low-,medium-,and high-dose groups of Liuwei Dihuangwan were significantly lower(P<0.01),it also showed a significant dose dependent relationship.Compared with NC group,the protein expressions of Aβ,p62,FcγRⅡB,SHP-1 and c-Src in Aβ1-42 group were significantly increased(P<0.01),and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ was significantly decreased(P<0.01);Compared with Aβ1-42 group and blank serum group,the protein expressions of Aβ,p62,FcγRⅡB,SHP-1 and c-Src in drug-containing serum group were significantly decreased(P<0.01),and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ was significantly increased(P<0.01);Compared with NC group and Vector group,the expression of Aβ in FcγRⅡB OE group was increased,the protein expressions of p62,FcγRⅡB,SHP-1 and c-Src were significantly increased(P<0.01),and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ was significantly decreased(P<0.01);Compared with the drug-containing serum group,the protein expressions of Aβ,p62,FcγRⅡB,SHP-1 and c-Src in the drug-containing serum+FcγRⅡB OE group were significantly increased(P<0.01),and the protein expression levels of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion Liuwei Dihuangwan improved AD by inhibiting microglia FcγRⅡB/c-Src pathway and increasing autophagy level.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects and safety of dual mobility total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fracture of the hemiplegic side.Methods Patients with hemiplegia and femoral neck fracture who underwent hip arthroplasty in our hospital from March 2021 to March 2023 were selected as the research objects,and they were randomly divided into the dual mobility group(dual mobility total hip arthroplasty was performed)and the hemiarthroplasty group(hemiarthroplasty was performed),with 31 cases in each group.The perioperative status,postoperative hip function and postoperative complications of patients in the two groups were analyzed and compared.Results The operative time of patients in the dual mobility group was longer than that in the hemiarthroplasty group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference in intraoperative blood loss,total drainage volume 3 days after operation or hospital stay between the two groups(P>0.05).One month after surgery,there was no significant difference in hip Harris score between the two groups(P>0.05).At 6 months and 12 months after surgery,the hip Harris scores of patients in the dual mobility group were better than those in the hemiarthroplasty group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the case of different preoperative muscle strength of the hemiplegic side,the hip Harris scores of patients in the dual mobility group at 6 months and 12 months after surgery were better than those in the hemiarthroplasty group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications was 12.9%(4/31)in the dual mobility group,and it was 22.6%(7/31)in the hemiarthroplasty group,without significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion For patients with femoral neck fracture and decreased muscle strength of affected limb due to hemiplegia,the use of dual mobility total hip arthroplasty can achieve good postoperative function and anti-dislocation effect.

Objective To construct an exercise intervention scheme for postoperative colorectal cancer patients and evaluate its application.Methods The research team summarized the evidence on exercise recommendations for patients with colorectal cancer(CRC)and constructed an exercise intervention scheme through group discussion,expert consultation,semi-structured interviews,and onsite consultation.Patients with CRC admitted to the Department of Colorectal Surgery of a tertiary A hospital in Jilin province were selected as the study subjects by a convenience sampling method from October 2023 to March 2024.The test group and the control group included 35 patients in each group.The test group received basic nursing and exercise intervention,the control group received basic nursing and knowledge-based education.The 2 groups were compared in terms of physical activity,number of 30 s chair-stand test,and physical activity compliance score at 1 week post-intervention and 1 month post-intervention.Results There were 4 cases dropped in the test group and 3 cases dropped in the control group.The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed that there were between-group and time interaction effects for walking time,sedentary time,and the number of chair stands in 30 s in the 2 groups(P＜0.05).The experimental group's walking time,sedentary time,the number of chair stands in 30 s,moderate physical activity time and the physical activity compliance scores were better than those of the control group after the intervention,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion This exercise intervention based on a multi-theory model significantly increased the moderate physical activity time and walking time,decreased the sedentary time and improved compliance with physical activity recommendations,which may improve lower limb muscle strength in postoperative colorectal cancer patients.

Objective To observe the effects of a stepped early activity program combined with lower limb joint rehabilitation devices in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit(ICU).Methods Sixty mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the ICU of Tianjin First Central Hospital from October 2022 to June 2023 were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into an intervention group(n=30)and a control group(n=30)using a random number table.The control group received routine rehabilitation nursing combined with lower limb joint rehabilitation devices,while the intervention group was additionally treated with the stepped early activity program.The duration of mechanical ventilation,length of ICU stay,incidence of delirium,Medical Research Council(MRC)muscle strength scores,phase angle(PA),and skeletal muscle mass index(SMI)were compared between the two groups.Results The intervention group showed significantly shorter durations of mechanical ventilation and the length of ICU stay compared to the control group[mechanical ventilation time(days):9.20±4.51 vs.11.73±4.59,the length of ICU stay(days):10.73±5.37 vs.14.00±6.03,both P<0.05].Post-intervention MRC muscle strength scores,PA,and SMI significantly increased in both groups,with greater improvements observed in the intervention group[MRC muscle strength score:54.17±2.10 vs.50.17±3.51;PA(°):5.80±0.60 vs.5.49±0.54;SMI(kg/m2):6.87±0.46 vs.6.62±0.45,all P<0.05].No statistically significant difference was found in delirium incidence between the two groups[26.7%(8/30)vs.33.3%(10/30),P>0.05].Conclusion The combination of a stepped early activity program and lower limb joint rehabilitation devices effectively shortens mechanical ventilation time and the length of ICU stay,restores muscle strength,and promotes recovery in mechanically ventilated ICU patients,demonstrating significant clinical value.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of non-seroconverted cases after rabies vaccination and observe the effect of booster vaccination.Methods:A retrospective collection of data was conducted from March 2022 to March 2023 across 409 rabies vaccination clinics in 27 provinces in China, focusing on cases with rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNA) levels less than 0.5 IU/ml after vaccination.Results:A total of 77 cases were identified in whom seroconversion was not observed within 30 days post-vaccination with the rabies vaccine. The gender distribution was 51.9% male and 48.1% female, with ages ranging from 2 to 83 years old. Delayed vaccination was observed in 11 cases (14.3%), and 63 cases (81.8%) received human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG) injections. None of the cases had a confirmed immunosuppressive disease or taking immunosuppressive drugs, and the body mass index (BMI) distribution ranged from 14.37 to 34.74 kg/m 2. Seventy-six cases seroconverted after 1 to 3 doses of rabies vaccines as a booster vaccination. One case that did not seroconvert after the initial booster vaccination seroconverted after receiving additional 2 doses of vaccine. All patients were followed up for one year, with no cases of rabies reported. Conclusions:The characteristics of cases that failed to seroconvert after the full course of rabies vaccination lacked specificity, and booster vaccination could lead to seroconversion.

Objective:To investigate the curative effect and possible mechanism of rifaximin treatment on monocrotaline-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) in mice.Methods:Twenty-four male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups and treated with solvent control, monocrotaline, and rifaximin, respectively. The histopathological changes of the liver and intestine were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The differences were compared in liver parameters, serum liver enzymes, inflammatory factors, apoptotic factors, gut microbiota, and gut tight junction proteins among three groups of mice. The inter-group comparison was conducted using a t-test and one-way analysis of variance.Results:The rifaximin-treated group had significantly improved liver histopathology. The serological levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were (559.04±89.42) U/L and (676.90±106.25) U/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the PA-HSOS model group [(846.05±148.46) U/L and (953.87±58.10) U/L, P<0.05], and were accompanied by lower levels of apoptotic cells and inflammatory factors. Additionally, the rifaximin-treated mice group gut microbiota had higher diversity compared with the PA-HSOS group ( P<0.05), and the Shannon index was 7.77±0.10 and 7.16±0.07, respectively, indicating apparent differences in microbiota among different groups. The abundance of Firmicutes in the rifaximin group was 39.58%±0.56%, which was significantly higher than that in the model group (24.25%±0.64%, P<0.05), while the abundance of Bacteroidetes was 54.7%±0.41%, which was significantly lower than that in the model group (70.92%±0.49%, P<0.05). Simultaneously, the expressions of gut tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin showed an upward trend and validated transcription levels compared to the model group following rifaximin intervention ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Rifaximin can alleviate monocrotaline-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in mice, and its mechanism may be via gut microbiota regulation, which in turn plays a role in improving intestinal barrier function.

Objective To investigate the impact of chronic observational social defeat stress on multidimensional behaviors in female mice,including social interaction,emotion,and cognition,as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods Adult female C57BL6N mice were divided into a stress group and a control group.Behavioral assessment were conducted through social interaction tests,anxiety-like behavior tests,and cognitive tests(novel object recognition and spatial memory).Synaptic plasticity-related proteins in the hippocampus were detected using Western blot.Results Behavioral tests revealed that the stress group showed reduced social interaction time compared to the control group[(106.2±9.31)s vs.(156.5±14.81)s,P<0.05].In a novel environment,the stress group consumed less food than the control group[(0.10±0.01)g vs.(0.16±0.02)g,P<0.05].Cognitive tests demonstrated that the stress group exhibited impaired novel object recognition[(52.17%%±2.67%)vs.(65.91%±5.23%)]and spatial memory[(61.84%±3.14%)vs.(74.13%±1.94%)]compared to the control group(P<0.05).Western blot analysis showed that the expression of hippocampal synaptic plasticity-related proteins,including the glutamate ionotropic receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)receptor subunit NR2A[(0.66±0.05)vs.(0.89±0.08)]and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)[(0.81±0.05)vs.(1.14±0.06)],was significantly decreased in the stress group(P<0.05).Conclusion Chronic observational social defeat stress induces social withdrawal,anxiety-like behaviors,and cognitive deficits in female mice.These effects may be associated with reduced expression of NR2A and BDNF in the hippocampus.