ObjectiveTo explore the potential mechanism of Changji'an Formula （肠激安方） on intestinal permeability for rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome （IBS-D） of liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome by the microRNA-29b-3p （miR-29b-3p）/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 （TRAF3）/nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）/myosin light chain kinase （MLCK） axis. MethodsTwenty-four 1-day-old male Sprague-Dawley （SD） suckling rats were selected， and the IBS-D rat model of liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome was established via a three-factor method，i.e. maternal separation plus acetic acid stimulation and restraint stress， for 6 consecutive weeks. After successful modeling， the rats were randomly divided into a model group， pinaverium bromide group， low-dose and high-dose Changji'an Formula groups， with 6 rats in each group. Another 6 age-matched non-modeled SD rats were included as the control group. The low-dose and high-dose Changji'an Formula groups were given intragastric administration of Changji'an Formula solution at doses of 16.74 g/（kg·d） and 33.48 g/（kg·d）， respectively； the pinaverium bromide group received intragastric administration of pinaverium bromide tablets at 0.018 g/（kg·d）； and the control group was given distilled water at 10 ml/（kg·d） via intragastric gavage. The intervention was conducted once daily for 14 consecutive days. After the gavage treatment， the fecal water content of rats in each group was measured. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the serum levels of intestinal permeability indicators， including D-lactic acid （D-LA）， diamine oxidase （DAO）， and lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR） was conducted to determine the mRNA expression levels of miR-29b-3p， TRAF3， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， p65， p50， and MLCK in colonic tissues. Western Blot analysis was employed to detect the protein expression levels of TRAF3， TNF-α， p65， phosphorylated p65 （p-p65）， MLCK， myosin light chain （MLC）， phosphorylated MLC （p-MLC）， and tight junction proteins including junctional adhesion molecule-A （JAM-A）， Occludin， and Claudin-1 in colonic tissues. ResultsCompared with the control group， the model group exhibited significantly increased fecal water content and serum levels of D-LA， DAO， and LPS， along with decreased protein expression levels of JAM-A， Occludin， and Claudin-1 in colonic tissues （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Additionally， in the model group， the mRNA expression levels of miR-29b-3p， TNF-α， p65， p50， and MLCK in colonic tissues were up-regulated， while the mRNA and protein expression levels of TRAF3 were down-regulated； the protein levels of TNF-α and MLCK， as well as the ratios of p-p65/p65 and p-MLC/MLC， significantly elevated （P＜0.01）. Compared with the model group， all treatment groups showed reduced fecal water content and serum levels of D-LA， DAO， and LPS， along with down-regulated mRNA expression levels of miR-29b-3p， TNF-α， p65， p50， and MLCK， and up-regulated TRAF3 mRNA expression in colonic tissues. Moreover， the pinaverium bromide group and high-dose Changji'an Formula group presented increased protein levels of Occludin， Claudin-1， and TRAF3， as well as decreased protein levels of TNF-α and MLCK， and reduced ratios of p-p65/p65 and p-MLC/MLC in colonic tissues （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with the low-dose Changji'an Formula group， the high-dose group had lower fecal water content and serum levels of DAO and LPS （P＜0.01）. In comparison with the pinaverium bromide group， the high-dose Changji'an Formula group showed a significant decrease in serum DAO level （P＜0.01）. ConclusionsChangji'an Formula can reduce intestinal permeability and restore intestinal barrier function in IBS-D rats of liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome by regulating the miR-29b-3p/TRAF3/NF-κB/MLCK axis.

Depressive disorder is a kind of mental disorder characterized by persistent and significant depressed mood, with complex etiology and high recurrence rate. At present, more precise and effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are still required. Increasing evidence suggests that hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and related pathways are involved in regulating the development and recovery of depression. HIF-1 enhances neuroplasticity, mitigates neuroinflammatory responses, alleviates oxidative stress, and modulates brain energy metabolism by influencing specific molecules associated with depression. This paper reviews pertinent domestic and international studies, examine the potential mechanisms of HIF-1 in the pathogenesis and progression of depression, and explore antidepressant treatment strategies targeting the HIF-1 signaling pathway. This article provides novel insights into elucidating the pathogenesis of depression and developing innovative therapeutic approaches.

Objective:To compare postoperative complications between acellular dermal matrix（ADM）and direct suture for tongue mucosa defect repair during lingual mucosa urethroplasty.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 106 patients with anterior urethral stricture who underwent lingual mucosal urethroplasty at the Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from July 2022 to July 2024. According to the needs of urethral reconstruction，lingual mucosa was harvested（graft length 0.5 cm longer than the stricture length）. Using an instrumental variable method based on the surgeon’s preference，the tongue wound was repaired either with ADM or direct suture. The ADM group included 56 patients，aged（46.2±18.7）years；diabetes in 8 cases（14.3%），hypertension in 15 cases（26.8%），cardiopulmonary dysfunction in 3 cases（5.3%）；stricture location：penile segment in 44 cases（78.6%），penoscrotal junction in 12 cases（21.4%）；etiology：lichen sclerosus in 8 cases（14.3%），urethritis in 8 cases（14.3%），trauma in 24 cases（42.9%），and re-stricture after hypospadias surgery in 16 cases（28.6%）；maximum urinary flow rate（5.8±2.9）ml/s；graft length（4.02±1.72）cm. The direct suture group included 50 patients，aged（45.8±19.2）years；diabetes in 6 cases（12.0%），hypertension in 12 cases（24.0%），cardiopulmonary dysfunction in 2 cases（4.0%）；etiology：lichen sclerosus in 6 cases（12.0%），urethritis in 8 cases（16.0%），trauma in 25 cases（50.0%），and re-stricture after hypospadias surgery in 11 cases（22%）；stricture location：penile segment in 36 cases（72.0%），penoscrotal junction in 14 cases（28.0%）；maximum urinary flow rate（6.2±3.1）ml/s；graft length（4.18±1.68）cm. There were no statistically significant differences in the above baseline characteristics between the two groups（ P>0.05）.ADM group after electrocautery hemostasis，an ADM patch tailored to the wound size was used to cover the donor site. The edges of the ADM were overlapped with the wound margin and sutured to the submucosal layer using interrupted 4-0 polyglactin sutures. Direct suture group after electrocautery hemostasis，the wound was stretched into a diamond shape and closed in layers by suturing the mucosal layer down to the muscle layer using interrupted 4-0 polyglactin sutures. The primary outcome measures were postoperative tongue complications including hemorrhage，hematoma，and infection（Clavien-Dindo classification）. Secondary outcomes included VAS pain scores，functional recovery（difficulty drinking，difficulty eating，speech impairment，limited mouth opening），and sensory recovery（sensory disturbance，taste disturbance）. Results:The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 24 months，with a mean of 9.2 months. The 6-month follow-up rate was 100%. No Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅲ or higher complications（hemorrhage，hematoma，infection）occurred by the end of follow-up. Regarding secondary outcomes，the VAS pain score on postoperative day 1 was significantly better in the ADM group than in the suture group［0（0，3）vs. 2（0，3），P=0.013］.Functional impact：The incidence of difficulty drinking［24 cases（42.9%）vs. 36 cases（72.0%），16 cases（28.6%）vs. 36 cases（72.0%），8 cases（14.3%）vs. 21 cases（42.0%）］，difficulty eating［20 cases（35.7%）vs. 36 cases（72.0%），16 cases（28.6%）vs. 36 cases（72.0%），8 cases（14.3%）vs. 27 cases（54.0%）］，and speech impairment［20 cases（35.7%）vs. 36 cases（72.0%），16 cases（28.6%）vs. 36 cases（72.0%），8 cases（14.3%）vs. 27 cases（54.0%）］on postoperative day 1，day 7，and within the first month，respectively，was significantly lower in the ADM group（all P<0.05）. On postoperative day 1 and day 7，the incidence of limited mouth opening was higher in the ADM group［0 cases vs. 6 cases（12.0%），0 cases vs. 6 cases（12.0%）］（ P<0.05）.Sensory recovery：The incidence of taste disturbance was higher in the ADM group at 7 days［8 cases（14.3%）vs. 0 cases］，1 month［8 cases（14.3%）vs. 0 cases］，and 3 months［8 cases（14.3%）vs. 0 cases］postoperatively（ P<0.05）. The incidence of sensory disturbance was higher in the ADM group at 1 day［20 cases（35.7%）vs. 6 cases（12.0%）］，7 days［16 cases（28.6%）vs. 6 cases（12.0%）］，and 1 month［16 cases（28.6%）vs. 6 cases（12.0%）］postoperatively（ P<0.05）. Pain scores and complication rates were zero in both groups after 6 months. Conclusions:ADM repair improves early recovery but may increase transient sensory complications. Both methods are safe for clinical application.

The current situation of the in vitro diagnostic(IVD)reagent management was described,and a standard dictio-nary library of IVD reagents was constructed.An IVD reagent catalog information management system with the functions of management and price comparison was introduced in terms of its development process and application effect.Some mainte-nance and management measures for IVD reagent standard dictionary library were put forward including the establishment of an IVD reagent catalog management group and regular data maintenance and updating.References were provided for solving the problems due to the inconsistency of reagent catalog management and medical devices and materials without medical insurance codes in multi-campus medical institutions.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(4):88-92]

Objective To propose a ventilator failure probability prediction method based on kernel ridge regression(KRR).Methods Firstly,the failure interval data of ventilators was collected and preprocessed to remove outliers.Secondly,the median rank method was used to estimate the failure probability.Finally,using the time data as the feature variable and the failure probability value as the target variable,a KRR model was established and trained by selecting the optimal kernel function and hyperparameter combination from radial basis kernel function,linear kernel function,polynomial kernel function,and S-type kernel function through grid search and cross-validation methods to predict ventilator failures.To verify the performance of the KRR model in predicting ventilator failure probability,it was compared with Weibull and its extended models.Results KRR achieved a coefficient of determination of 0.993 5,a mean squared error of 5.399 5×10-4,a root mean squared error of 0.023 2 and a mean absolute error of 0.018 3,outperforming Weibull and its extended models in prediction accuracy and error control.Conclusion The failure probability prediction method for ventilators based on KRR demonstrates exceptional performance in prediction accuracy and error control,and thus holds great potential for application.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(5):73-77]

Although teniposide(VM26)is widely used in the treatment of lymphoma,its poor water sol-ubility,low bioavailability and systemic toxicities still limit its clinical application.Nano-delivery systems are effective in increasing the bioavailability and reducing the toxicity of VM26,but there is an urgent need to overcome the problem of its non-specific targeting.Therefore,in this paper,we designed and constructed a hyaluronic acid-modified teniposide-targeted nano-delivery system(VM26-TNDS),and characterised its drug encapsulation rate,particle size and zeta potential.We also investigated the effects of VM26-TNDS on B-cell lymphoma cells with different expression of CD44 receptor,in terms of cellular targeting,inhibitory effect of proliferation,and induction of apoptosis and necrosis.The results showed that the drug encapsulation efficiency of VM26-TNDS exceeded 85％,and its liquid formulation could be stably stored at 4 ℃ for more than 6 months without precipitation.Based on CD44 receptor expression,Granta-519(high expression),Raji(medium-low expression)and SU-DHL-4(almost no expression)were screened for cellular experiments.Compared with VM26-NDS,the targeted modification could effec-tively reduce the uptake of VM26-TNDS by RAW264.7 and increase the uptake of VM26-TNDS by CD44 receptor-expressing lymphoma cells.The inhibitory proliferative effect and apoptotic necrosis-inducing a-bility of VM26-TNDS were stronger than those of VM26-NDS for Granta-519 and Raji cells,whereas there was no significant difference in the inhibitory effect on proliferation and ability to induce apoptosis and necrosis between VM26-NDS and VM26-TNDS in SU-DHL-4 cells,reflecting the targeting advantage for VM26-TNDS,as expected.However,its toxic effect on B-cell lymphoma cells only reflected the targeting advantage at some concentrations(0.25 μmol/L and 0.5 μmol/L),which met the expectation.The a-bove results indicate that a teniposide-targeted nano-delivery system,VM26-TNDS,has been successfully prepared in this study.VM26-TNDS improves the delivery efficiency of VM26 by targeting human B-cell lymphoma cells expressing the CD44 receptor,thus killing human B-cell lymphoma cells more effectively and overcoming the problem of non-specific targeting in drug delivery to improve the therapeutic effect.Its biological therapeutic effects and mechanisms still need to be proved by more in vitro and in vivo ex-perimental evidence.

Depressive disorder is a kind of mental disorder characterized by persistent and significant depressed mood, with complex etiology and high recurrence rate. At present, more precise and effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are still required. Increasing evidence suggests that hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and related pathways are involved in regulating the development and recovery of depression. HIF-1 enhances neuroplasticity, mitigates neuroinflammatory responses, alleviates oxidative stress, and modulates brain energy metabolism by influencing specific molecules associated with depression. This paper reviews pertinent domestic and international studies, examine the potential mechanisms of HIF-1 in the pathogenesis and progression of depression, and explore antidepressant treatment strategies targeting the HIF-1 signaling pathway. This article provides novel insights into elucidating the pathogenesis of depression and developing innovative therapeutic approaches.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental disorder characterized by long-term low mood, anhedonia, and may even lead to suicidal behavior. The development and progression of MDD involves a range of pathological alterations in the central nervous system, including dysfunction of synaptic transmission, hyper-activation of neuroinflammation, and diminished neurogenesis. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel is highly expressed in brain regions associated with depression, and can regulate physiological activities such as neuroinflammation, neurogenesis, and synaptic transmission efficacy. Hence, the TRPV1 channel should be implicated in the pathogenesis of depression and be considered as a promising candidate for antidepressant treatment. This paper provides an overview of the structure and function of TRPV1 channel, with a focus on elucidating the potential mechanism of action of TRPV1 channel in depression, and explores its research trajectory and development prospects in the context of depression therapy.

Objective To propose a ventilator failure probability prediction method based on kernel ridge regression(KRR).Methods Firstly,the failure interval data of ventilators was collected and preprocessed to remove outliers.Secondly,the median rank method was used to estimate the failure probability.Finally,using the time data as the feature variable and the failure probability value as the target variable,a KRR model was established and trained by selecting the optimal kernel function and hyperparameter combination from radial basis kernel function,linear kernel function,polynomial kernel function,and S-type kernel function through grid search and cross-validation methods to predict ventilator failures.To verify the performance of the KRR model in predicting ventilator failure probability,it was compared with Weibull and its extended models.Results KRR achieved a coefficient of determination of 0.993 5,a mean squared error of 5.399 5×10-4,a root mean squared error of 0.023 2 and a mean absolute error of 0.018 3,outperforming Weibull and its extended models in prediction accuracy and error control.Conclusion The failure probability prediction method for ventilators based on KRR demonstrates exceptional performance in prediction accuracy and error control,and thus holds great potential for application.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(5):73-77]

Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is a prevalent chronic degenerative disorder among older adults,with biomechanical factors playing a crucial role in its pathogenesis and progression.This article aims to direct clinical studies on Tai Ji Quan(Shadow Boxing)therapeutic intervention for KOA by analyzing biomechanical factors in the pathogenesis of KOA and generalizing the biomechanical characteristics of Tai Ji Quan exercise and its impact on the gait pattern,overall mechanical balance,muscle function,plantar pressure,and proprioception of KOA patients,as well as summarizing the limitations in current clinical research.