Objective:To implement an overview of systematic reviews on the effects of brain-computer interface training on upper limb functional rehabilitation in stroke patients.Methods:The systematic review/Meta-analysis of the effect of brain-computer interface training on upper limb functional rehabilitation in stroke patients was electronically retrieved in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, Embase, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP and China Biology Medicine disc. The search period was from database establishment to November 2024. Two researchers independently performed literature screening and data extraction and evaluated the quality of methodology, reporting, and evidence.Results:A total of 14 systematic reviews/Meta-analyses were included. The results showed that brain-computer interface training helped to improve upper limb motor function, muscle strength and activities of daily living in stroke patients, but the rehabilitative effect on muscle spasm needed to be further confirmed.Conclusions:Brain-computer interface training helps to improve upper limb motor function, muscle strength and activities of daily living in stroke patients. However, the methodological quality and reporting quality of the current studies are poor, and there is still a need for high-quality studies with rigorous design and standardized process to provide reference for clinical practice.

Objective:To implement an overview of systematic reviews on the effects of brain-computer interface training on upper limb functional rehabilitation in stroke patients.Methods:The systematic review/Meta-analysis of the effect of brain-computer interface training on upper limb functional rehabilitation in stroke patients was electronically retrieved in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, Embase, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP and China Biology Medicine disc. The search period was from database establishment to November 2024. Two researchers independently performed literature screening and data extraction and evaluated the quality of methodology, reporting, and evidence.Results:A total of 14 systematic reviews/Meta-analyses were included. The results showed that brain-computer interface training helped to improve upper limb motor function, muscle strength and activities of daily living in stroke patients, but the rehabilitative effect on muscle spasm needed to be further confirmed.Conclusions:Brain-computer interface training helps to improve upper limb motor function, muscle strength and activities of daily living in stroke patients. However, the methodological quality and reporting quality of the current studies are poor, and there is still a need for high-quality studies with rigorous design and standardized process to provide reference for clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the current status of unplanned readmission to the ICU in neurosurgical patients and to study its influencing factors,aiming to inform the construction of targeted nursing interventions for medical staff.Methods From January 2020 to September 2022,the relevant data of patients transferred out from the ICU of a tertiary-level hospital in Beijing were retrospectively analyzed.After using propensity score matching,a sample with balanced covariates between groups was obtained,and single-factor and Logistic regression analyses were used to study the influencing factors of unplanned readmission to the ICU in neurosurgical patients.Results The data of a total of 4 789 patients were included,and 159 patients(3.32％)had unplanned readmission to the ICU.Respiratory failure and pulmonary infection were the main respiratory complications causing unplanned readmission to the ICU in neurosurgical patients.Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of mechanical ventilation,the length of the first stay in the ICU,tracheal intubations ≥2 times,presence of cerebrospinal fluid drainage tube or lumbar drainage tube,existence of mild to moderate consciousness disorder at discharge from ICU,low white blood cell count,and low hemoglobin count were independent influencing factors for unplanned readmission to ICUs in neurosurgical patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion Medical staff should pay attention to the high-risk group of unplanned return to the ICU,assess the risk of transfer in a timely manner,carry out targeted nursing measures and strengthen the quality of nursing care to reduce the incidence of unplanned retum to the ICU in neurosurgical patients.

Objective To investigate the current status of unplanned readmission to the ICU in neurosurgical patients and to study its influencing factors,aiming to inform the construction of targeted nursing interventions for medical staff.Methods From January 2020 to September 2022,the relevant data of patients transferred out from the ICU of a tertiary-level hospital in Beijing were retrospectively analyzed.After using propensity score matching,a sample with balanced covariates between groups was obtained,and single-factor and Logistic regression analyses were used to study the influencing factors of unplanned readmission to the ICU in neurosurgical patients.Results The data of a total of 4 789 patients were included,and 159 patients(3.32％)had unplanned readmission to the ICU.Respiratory failure and pulmonary infection were the main respiratory complications causing unplanned readmission to the ICU in neurosurgical patients.Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of mechanical ventilation,the length of the first stay in the ICU,tracheal intubations ≥2 times,presence of cerebrospinal fluid drainage tube or lumbar drainage tube,existence of mild to moderate consciousness disorder at discharge from ICU,low white blood cell count,and low hemoglobin count were independent influencing factors for unplanned readmission to ICUs in neurosurgical patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion Medical staff should pay attention to the high-risk group of unplanned return to the ICU,assess the risk of transfer in a timely manner,carry out targeted nursing measures and strengthen the quality of nursing care to reduce the incidence of unplanned retum to the ICU in neurosurgical patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype, differential diagnosis, molecular genetic changes and prognosis of salivary gland-type clear cell carcinoma (CCC) of the lung.Methods:Eight cases of salivary gland-type CCC of the lung diagnosed at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, China from March 2017 to December 2020 were retrieved and analyzed. The pathological sections of these cases were studied using immunohistochemical staining, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and RNA-seq fusion gene detection based on next generation sequencing technique. The patients were followed up and the relevant literature was reviewed.Results:The 8 patients included 3 males and 5 females, with age ranging from 43 to 64 years (average, 58 years). All patients underwent radical lobectomy and lymph node dissection, while only one had lymph node metastases. The eight patients were followed up for 6 to 45 months, and were all recurrence-free. Histopathologically, the tumor was mainly composed of eosinophilic and clear cells arranged in trabecular, ribbon and nest patterns. Hyalinization was often observed in the stroma around the nest. Immunohistochemical staining showed that 8/8 cases were positive for EMA and CK7; 5/8 cases were positive for p63 and p40; 4/8 cases were positive for SOX10; and the cases were all negative for S-100, SMA and calponin. EWSR1 gene fusion was detected in all cases by FISH. RNA-seq fusion gene was detected in 6 cases based on next generation sequencing. The EWSR1-ATF1 gene fusion was detected in 5 cases, among which one case also had the ATF1-SPTLC2 gene fusion. All 5 cases with EWSR1-ATF1 gene fusion showed that EWSR1 exon 12/13 fused with ATF1 exon 3. And EWSR1-CREM gene fusion was detected in one case.Conclusions:Salivary gland-type CCC of the lung is an extremely rare primary lung tumor arising from the bronchial mucosa. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this tumor depend on classic histomorphology, especially the auxiliary detection of EWSR1 fusion gene. The primary treatment choice of this tumor is complete surgical resection. Lymph node metastases may occur, but the overall prognosis is good.

X-ray examination is an important part of modern precision medicine,and plays an irreplaceable role in the diagnosis and evaluation of disease outcomes as well as the surgical planning.With the widespread use of digital radiology and CT examinations,repeated and excessive X-ray examinations occur that cause the subject to receive excessive or additional radiation doses which cause radiation damage.How to optimize the radiation dose to meet the diagnosis of the disease and reduce the radiation damage of the subject is an important topic for researchers and equipment developers.As a result,X-ray radiation damage has attracted the attention of governments,society,subjects and X-ray inspection workers.This article explores ways to reduce radiation dose and reviews its progress.

In this study, the effect of heparin-derived oligosaccharide(HDO)on lipopolysaccharides(LPS)-induced inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)and the molecular mechanisms were investigated. The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)was detected by 20, 70-dichlorofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA). Experiment is divided into blank group(0. 5% serum medium), model group(LPS+0. 5% serum medium)and HDO dosing group(LPS+0. 5% serum medium +0. 01, 0. 1, 1mol/L HDO). The intracellular reactive oxygen species level was detected by reactive oxygen species experiment, the level of key regulatory proteins p38 and p-p38 in MAPK pathways and VCAM-1 were determined by Western blot. The results showed that HDO at 0. 01, 0. 1 and 1 μmol/L could inhibit the expression of VCAM-1 in HUVECs induced by 100 μg/mL LPS, and reduce the expression of key regulatory proteins p38 and p-p38, but could not obviously affect NF-κB nuclear translocation. The results all above showed that HDO could decrease the key regulatory proteins expression, and suppress the transcription of VCAM-1, resulting in inhibiting inflammation.

Objective To explore the immune mechanism of negative results of immune tests of schistosomiasis japonica pa?tients. Methods Totally 142 schistosomiasis patients(positive stool examinations)of Poyang Lake region were tested by ELI?SA method,and the ROC curve was applied to determine the high and low response of the patients. The levels of cellular immu?nity and cytokines of high and low responders were compared. Results Totally eight schistosomiasis patients were found as low responders. Besides SWAP?IgA(t= -1.588,P > 0.1),the levels of isotype antibodies were significantly lower in the low re?sponders compared with those in the high responders(t = -14.517 to -2.866,all P < 0.05). In the low responders,the propor?tion of CD3+T was increased;and the proportions of CD4+T,CD8+T,CD4+CD25+Treg,and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ were all de?creased,but all of them were not significant(t = -1.72 to 0.974,all P > 0.05)compared with those in the high responders. The differences of IFN?γ and IL?10 between the high and low responders were both not significant(t= -2.426 to 0.216,all P >0.05). Conclusions There is a significant difference between the high and low responders only in the levels of isotype antibod?ies. One of the reasons of low response in the immune tests is the much lower antibody level after the antigen?antibody compound is completely formulated.

This study was aimed to observe the antibacterial activity and bactericidal action ofC.albicans in vitro, and the effects of curing monilial vaginitis mouse by extraction of globeflower residue fermentation (EGRF) in vivo.In vitrostudy, test tube method as well as plate method were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) ofC.albicansrespectively.In vivo, mouse were devided into normal controlled group,C. albicans vaginitis model group (Model), Model + EGRF (40, 80, 160 mg?kg-1) group, and fluconazole group (20 mg?kg-1). All drugs were vaginal delivery once a day with continuous administration for seven days. Then vulva inflammation, negative rate of vaginal discharge, microbial load of vaginal lavage and the pathological changes of vaginal mucosa were observed. After the treatment of EGRF, the MIC and MBC of Candida albicans were 0.31 mg?mL-1 and 1.25 mg?mL-1, respectively, while the potency unit ratios between EGRF and fluconazole of MIC and MBC were 2 to 1 and 1 to 1, respectively. In comparison with Model, vulva inflammation of Model + EGRF gourp and fluconazole group was improved, whileC. albicanscount in vaginal secretions of these two groups were decreased, the overcast rate ofC. albicansof vaginal douche was increased, and pathological changes of vaginal mucosa were also improved in the two groups, which were in dose-dependent manners. And high dose Model + EGRF group was close to fluconazole group. In conclusion, EGRF had obvious inhibitory effect onC. albicans in vitro. It also had a better therapeutic effect onC. albicans vaginitis mouse.

To compare the characteristics of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes of gallbladder heat attacking the stomach and stagnant heat of the liver and stomach in patients with reflux esophagitis (RE), in terms of clinical symptoms, combination of gallbladder conditions, esophageal mucosal inflammation, gastric bile reflux under endoscopy and helicobacter pylori (HP) infection.