Objective:To systematically analyze risk factors for depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) .Methods:PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP were searched for literature on risk factors for T2DM combined with depression from the establishment of the database to April 30, 2023. Literature was screened and data was extracted independently by two researchers and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.Results:A total of 38 papers were included. Meta-analysis of 10 risk factors showed that comorbidity with other chronic somatic diseases [ OR=2.89, 95% CI (1.70, 4.91) ] , diabetic retinopathy [ OR=2.64, 95% CI (1.74, 4.01) ] , number of comorbidities [ OR=2.15, 95% CI (1.84, 2.51) ] , occurrence of comorbidities [ OR=2.00, 95% CI (1.67, 2.40) ] , insulin therapy [ OR=1.91, 95% CI (1.42, 2.57) ] , duration of the disease [ OR=2.04, 95% CI (1.61, 2.59) ] , triglycerides [ OR=1.40, 95% CI (1.11, 1.77) ] , and glycosylated hemoglobin [ OR=1.52, 95% CI (1.28, 1.80) ] were risk factors for T2DM combined with depression. Conclusions:Depression in patients with type 2 diabetes is the result of multiple risk factors acting together. Clinicians should strengthen the identification of risk factors and take early intervention measures.

Objective:To systematically analyze risk factors for depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) .Methods:PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP were searched for literature on risk factors for T2DM combined with depression from the establishment of the database to April 30, 2023. Literature was screened and data was extracted independently by two researchers and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.Results:A total of 38 papers were included. Meta-analysis of 10 risk factors showed that comorbidity with other chronic somatic diseases [ OR=2.89, 95% CI (1.70, 4.91) ] , diabetic retinopathy [ OR=2.64, 95% CI (1.74, 4.01) ] , number of comorbidities [ OR=2.15, 95% CI (1.84, 2.51) ] , occurrence of comorbidities [ OR=2.00, 95% CI (1.67, 2.40) ] , insulin therapy [ OR=1.91, 95% CI (1.42, 2.57) ] , duration of the disease [ OR=2.04, 95% CI (1.61, 2.59) ] , triglycerides [ OR=1.40, 95% CI (1.11, 1.77) ] , and glycosylated hemoglobin [ OR=1.52, 95% CI (1.28, 1.80) ] were risk factors for T2DM combined with depression. Conclusions:Depression in patients with type 2 diabetes is the result of multiple risk factors acting together. Clinicians should strengthen the identification of risk factors and take early intervention measures.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of lenalidomide combined with bortezomib and dexamethasone (RVd) regimen in treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients and its effect on the levels of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and natural killer (NK) cells.Methods:Thirty-eight NDMM patients who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from September 2019 to May 2022 were selected for a prospective study, and were divided into control group (18 cases) and observation group (20 cases) according to random number table method. The control group was treated with bortezomib+epirubicin+dexamethasone (VAd) regimen, and the observation group was treated with RVd regimen. The efficacy and safety were compared between the two groups. The levels of Treg cells (CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 +) and NK cells (CD3 - CD56 + CD16 +) before and after treatment in the two groups were detected by flow cytometry, and the results were compared. Results:After 4 courses of treatment, the objective response rate (ORR) of the observation group was 95.0% (19/20), which was higher than that of the control group [77.8% (14/18)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P = 0.016). Before treatment, there was no statistical difference in the levels of Treg cells and NK cells between the two groups ( P values were 0.381 and 0.650). After treatment, the level of Treg cells in the control group increased from (1.5±0.5)% before treatment to (4.7±1.3)% ( P = 0.008), while the level of Treg cells in the observation group increased from (1.4±0.5)% before treatment to (6.8±1.5)% ( P = 0.001), and the level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group ( P = 0.027); the level of NK cells in the control group increased from (16±6)% before treatment to (20±5)% ( P = 0.004), while the level of NK cells in the observation group increased from (16±6)% before treatment to (24±6)% ( P = 0.006), and the level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group ( P = 0.032). The incidence rates of thrombocytopenia and neutropenia in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P values were 0.012 and 0.027), which was reversible after active treatment. There was no statistical difference in the incidence rates of other adverse reactions (all P>0.05). Conclusions:RVd regimen for NDMM is clinically effective, safe and reliable, and the patients' levels of Treg cells and NK cells elevate after treatment.

COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins ; Humans ; Nucleocapsid Proteins ; Phosphoproteins ; SARS-CoV-2

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a severe autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. NMOSD complicated with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is rare. This paper reports a case of NMOSD who was misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis for many years, and then developed thrombocytopenia. ITP was diagnosed by perfect examination. After immunosuppression and thrombopoiesis therapy, the platelets returned to normal. The review of the case and literatures can help to improve the understanding of this kind of disease, timely diagnose and treat patients, and avoid serious complications.