The prevalence of Class III malocclusion varies among different countries and regions. The populations from Southeast Asian countries (Chinese and Malaysian) showed the highest prevalence rate of 15.8%, which can seriously affect oral function, facial appearance, and mental health. As anterior crossbite tends to worsen with growth, early orthodontic treatment can harness growth potential to normalize maxillofacial development or reduce skeletal malformation severity, thereby reducing the difficulty and shortening the treatment cycle of later-stage treatment. This is beneficial for the physical and mental growth of children. Therefore, early orthodontic treatment for Class III malocclusion is particularly important. Determining the optimal timing for early orthodontic treatment requires a comprehensive assessment of clinical manifestations, dental age, and skeletal age, and can lead to better results with less effort. Currently, standardized treatment guidelines for early orthodontic treatment of Class III malocclusion are lacking. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the etiology, clinical manifestations, classification, and early orthodontic techniques for Class III malocclusion, along with systematic discussions on selecting early treatment plans. The purpose of this expert consensus is to standardize clinical practices and improve the treatment outcomes of Class III malocclusion through early orthodontic treatment.
Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III/classification* ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods* ; Consensus ; Child

Objective This study aimed to explore the relationships between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors among rural adults in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Xinjiang)and thus provide a theoretical basis and data support for improving the health of residents in this region. Methods We recruited 9,723 adult rural residents from the 51st Regiment of the Third Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in September 2016.The normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)was used to estimate residential greenness.The generalized linear mixed model(GLMM)was used to examine the association between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors. Results Higher residential greenness was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factor prevalence.After adjustments were made for age,sex,education,and marital status,for each interquartile range(IQR)increase of NDVI500-m,the risk of hypertension was reduced by 10.3%(OR=0.897,95%CI=0.836-0.962),the risk of obesity by 20.5%(OR=0.795,95%CI=0.695-0.910),the risk of type 2 diabetes by 15.1%(OR=0.849,95%CI=0.740-0.974),and the risk of dyslipidemia by 10.5%(OR=0.895,95%CI=0.825-0.971).Risk factor aggregation was reduced by 20.4%(OR=0.796,95%CI=0.716-0.885)for the same.Stratified analysis showed that NDVI500-m was associated more strongly with hypertension,dyslipidemia,and risk factor aggregation among male participants.The association of NDVI500-m with type 2 diabetes was stronger among participants with a higher education level.PM10 and physical activity mediated 1.9%-9.2%of the associations between NDVI500-m and obesity,dyslipidemia,and risk factor aggregation. Conclusion Higher residential greenness has a protective effect against cardiometabolic risk factors among rural residents in Xinjiang.Increasing the area of green space around residences is an effective measure to reduce the burden of cardiometabolic-related diseases among rural residents in Xinjiang.

Objective:To investigate the incidence characteristics and influencing factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rural Uyghur ethnic group residents in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and to provide scientific evidence for early identification and prevention of NAFLD for residents.Methods:A total of 10 158 participants were included from the Xinjiang Uygur ethnic group population cohort. A prospective cohort study and Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis were used to explore the influencing factors and clustering of NAFLD, and the dose-response relationship between related biochemical indicators and the risk of NAFLD was studied using a restricted cubic spline.Results:The cumulative incidence rate of NAFLD was 6.9%, and the incidence density of NAFLD was 12.06/1 000 person-years. The incidence density of NAFLD in females was higher than in males (14.72/1 000 person-years vs. 9.17/1 000 person-years, P<0.001). The incidence density of NAFLD gradually increased with age in the total population, both men and women (all P<0.001). In the general population, an education level of junior high school or above was a protective factor for NAFLD, while older age, divorce, widowhood, overweight, obesity, hypertension, increased glomerular filtration rate, decreased HDL-C, increased LDL-C, and increased ALT were risk factors for NAFLD. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), HDL-C, LDL-C, and ALT were non-linearly correlated with the incidence of NAFLD, and there was a significant dose-response relationship between them. Only 19.1% of residents had no NAFLD risk factors; over 80.9% had ≥1 NAFLD risk factors. The risk of NAFLD increased with the number of risk factors. Conclusions:The incidence of NAFLD in rural Uygur ethnic group residents in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps was relatively low, but most residents had one or more risk factors for NAFLD. Prevention and control of NAFLD in this population cannot be ignored. In addition, people of older age, divorced or widowed, low education level, overweight or obese, hypertension, and abnormal eGFR, HDL-C, LDL-C, and ALT were the high-risk groups of NAFLD that need to be paid attention to in this population.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common malignant disease of the hematological system, with high EVI1 expression accounting for 8%-10% of adult AML. Studies have shown that high EVI1 expression plays an important role in the treatment and prognosis of AML. In recent years, researchers have continuously revealed the structure and role of EVI1, but its mechanism of mediating AML has not been fully clarified. Therefore, systematically exploring the role of EVI1 in AML may provide a useful reference for the precise treatment of AML patients with high EVI1 expression.

Objective:To investigate the association of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and TyG-related indicators in Uyghur populations of The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.Methods:Based on the cohort of the Uygur population of The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, 11 833 study subjects were included. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of CVD in each quartile of TyG and TyG-related indicators. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between TyG and CVD, TyG-related indicators and CVD. Framingham CVD risk score model (Framingham model) was used to evaluate whether the addition of TyG and TyG-related indicators could improve the predictive ability of the model. The potential mediating role of the TyG in the association between obesity and CVD was examined through mediation effect analysis.Results:The average age of the subjects was (37.00±13.67) years-old, and 51.0% were male. The median follow-up time was 5.67 years, with 1 288 CVD events. The cumulative incidence of CVD increased with the increase of TyG and TyG-related indicators quartiles, and compared with the Q1 group, the risk of CVD in the Q4 group of TyG, TyG-BMI, and TyG-WHtR increased by 20% ( HR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.01-1.42), 77% ( HR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.46-2.16) and 68% ( HR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.36-2.09), respectively. After adding TyG, TyG-BMI, and TyG-WHtR to the Framingham model, respectively, the model's area under the curve, net reclassification improvement, and integrated discrimination improvement were improved. In the association between BMI, WHtR, and CVD, the proportion of mediating effects mediated by the TyG index was 10.55% and 11.50%. Conclusions:Elevated levels of TyG and TyG-related indicators were strongly associated with the risk of CVD in the Uyghur population of The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, with TyG-BMI being the most closely correlated with CVD. Early monitoring of TyG-BMI helps identify high-risk groups of CVD.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between ZJU index and the onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） in the Uygur population and the value of ZJU index in predicting the risk of NAFLD. MethodsThe Uighur community of The 51st Regiment of The Third Division of Xinjiang Kashgar Corps was selected as the investigation site， and the Uygur residents who lived in this area and had an age of >18 years were selected as subjects. Follow-up studies were conducted in 2019， 2020， and 2021， and the investigation of outcomes was completed in June to August of 2021. Finally 10 597 subjects were enrolled for analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of continuous variables between groups， and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical variables between groups. The subjects were divided into Q1-Q4 groups according to the level of ZJU index. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to predict the incidence rate of NAFLD， and the Cox regression model was used to analyze the association between ZJU index and the risk of NAFLD； the area under the ROC curve （AUC） was used to evaluate the value of ZJU index in predicting the risk of NAFLD. ResultsDuring the median follow-up time of 4.92 years， the incidence rate of NAFLD was 9.4% （992/10 597） among the study population. After adjustment for multiple factors， there was a significant increase in the risk of NAFLD with the increase in ZJU index， with a hazard ratio of 2.55 （95% confidence interval ［CI］： 1.60‍ — ‍4.06）， 7.32 （95%CI： 4.78‍ — ‍11.20）， and 21.74 （95%CI： 14.32‍ — ‍33.00）， respectively （all P_trend<0.001）. The ROC curve showed that ZJU index had a higher value in predicting NAFLD （AUC=0.816）， and the male subgroup had a significantly higher predictive accuracy of ZJU index than the female subgroup （AUC： 0.829 vs 0.809）. ConclusionZJU index is a predictive factor for the onset of NAFLD in the Uygur population in rural areas of Xinjiang and has a good value in predicting the risk of NAFLD.

AIM：To establish a project management tool to measure the working ability of research coordinators and the workload of clinical trial projects, and optimize medical institutions or clinical trial site management organization (SMO) allocation basis of clinical trial items by collecting the work stress and personal ability values of clinical coordinators. METHODS: Different words in the five major databases were searched and information on the work capacity and workload in the Subei People' s Hospital was collected. In addition, the paper analyzes the characteristics of coordinators working pressure source by SPSS26.0 statistical software and stability coefficient method. RESULTS: The study established the clinical research coordinator's personal ability - assessment tool (CRCPA-AT) and clinical trial project workload - assessment tool (CTPW-AT) to assess the coordinator's working ability and clinical trial workload. The two tools in this study were tested retrospectively in 61 coordinators and 144 clinical trials, 39 (66.1%) coordinators' projects were reasonably allocated, 18 (30.5%) coordinators were in the state of theoretical pressure and 12 (20.3%) coordinators had high actual pressure, which matched with the theoretical pressure. CONCLUSION: In this study, two scoring scales were established to quantify the working ability of the coordinators and the workload of clinical trial projects. Through the verification of the 61 coordinators and its management projects, the Likert5 point scoring method was used to analyze, more than 86.4% of the actual pressure of coordinators was consistent with the theoretical pressure quantified by the tool.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of pinhole infection in patients with external fixators, and build a risk prediction model.Methods:From January 2018 to June 2019, the data of patients ( n=300) with external fixators in the Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, South Hospital, South Medical University, were selected by retrospective survey, and were divided into infection group and non-infection group according to whether pinhole infection occurred in the postoperative case records. Single factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to establish the risk factors of pinhole infection and its prediction model. The grade of risk prediction was constructed by the assignment method. Results:Among 300 patients with external fixators, 103 (34.33%) had pinhole infection and 197 (65.67%) had no infection. Logistic regression analysis showed that basic disease [ OR=4.726 (one of diabetes, pulmonary infection), 17.053 (two of diabetes, pulmonary infection, cardiovascular diseases) ], postoperative albumin [ OR=0.082 (<25 g/L) ], postoperative hemoglobin [ OR=3.715 (>90-120 g/L), 9.720 (>60-90 g/L), 7.338 (30~60 g/L) ], intraoperative bleeding volume [ OR=2.196 (200-400 ml), OR=3.256 (>400 ml) ] and the type of disinfectant [ OR=3.897 (chlorhexidine), 3.625 (iodophor + chlorhexidine) ] were risk factors for pinhole infection in patients with external fixators ( P<0.05). The constructed model was divided into high-risk group (≥ 7 points), higher-risk group (5-6 points), medium-risk group (4 points), low-risk group (3 points) and lower-risk group (0-2 points) . Conclusions:The model can well predict the risk of pinhole infection of orthopedic external fixator, provide reference for medical and nursing staff to identify the risk of external fixation infection in time, and prevent the occurrence of infection as soon as possible.

Objective: To analyze the latent category characteristics of lifestyle habits of adolescents aged 12-18 years, and to explore its relationship with obesity. Methods: Data of 3 252 adolescents aged 12-18 years in the established China Nutrition and Health Survey were used for this study. The contents of the survey include basic situation, living habits, and body mass index. Latent category analysis was performed on 11 lifestyle habits on eating and exercise. Chi square test was used to explore the relationship between the potential categories of lifestyle habits and obesity. Results: All the participants were classified into 3 categories:mixed ( n =1 092, 35.58%), passive ( n =765, 23.52%), and healthy ( n =1 395, 42.90%) groups. Body mass index showed significant differences across three categories ( χ 2=19.66, P ＜0.01). In the BMI classification of adolescents, the healthy type has the highest proportion in the light type, overweight type and obesity type(41.61%,47.87%,50.00%). Conclusion The lifestyle habits of adolescents aged 12-18 years show obvious classification characteristics, which have different correlations with obesity. Targeted interventions should be carried out according to the characteristics of lifestyle habits under different body mass index.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the expression of SF3B1, UBE2V2, SETD2 and osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) in elderly patients.Methods:Peripheral blood samples were collected from 31 elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures (VF group) and 16 elderly patients with osteoporotic non-vertebral fractures (NVF group) in Yantai Mountain Hospital. RNA was extracted for transcriptome sequencing to screen for differentially expressed genes. VF related genes were screened by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, protein protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and ROC curve analysis. Qrt-pcr was used to detect gene expression levels.Results:Compared with NVF group, 691 genes were up-regulated while 131 genes were down regulatedin VF group. qRT-PCR results revealed that, compared with NVF patients (1.55±0.33) (1.70±0.33) (1.64±0.33) , SF3B1 (1.83±0.23) ( t=2.84, P=0.008) , UBE2V2 (2.24±0.43) ( t=3.91, P<0.001) expression were increased while SETD2 (1.18±0.46) ( t=3.25, P=0.003) expression was decreased in peripheral blood of VF patients. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUCs of SF3B1, UBE2V2 and SETD2 in VF were 0.8034 ( P=0.007) , 0.8145 ( P=0.005) and 0.7863 ( P=0.0014) , respectively. Conclusion:SF3B1, UBE2V2 and SETD2 are highly correlated with OVF in elderly patients, and are of great value in the diagnosis and prediction of OVF.