Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are widely acknowledged as primary mediators to the initiation and progression of tumors. The association between microbial infection and cancer stemness has garnered considerable scholarly interest in recent years. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is increasingly considered to be closely related to the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Nevertheless, the role of P. gingivalis in the stemness of OSCC cells remains uncertain. Herein, we showed that P. gingivalis was positively correlated with CSC markers expression in human OSCC specimens, promoted the stemness and tumorigenicity of OSCC cells, and enhanced tumor formation in nude mice. Mechanistically, P. gingivalis increased lipid synthesis in OSCC cells by upregulating the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) expression, a key enzyme involved in lipid metabolism, which ultimately resulted in enhanced acquisition of stemness. Moreover, SCD1 suppression attenuated P. gingivalis-induced stemness of OSCC cells, including CSCs markers expression, sphere formation ability, chemoresistance, and tumor growth, in OSCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, upregulation of SCD1 in P. gingivalis-infected OSCC cells was associated with the expression of KLF5, and that was modulated by P. gingivalis-activated NOD1 signaling. Taken together, these findings highlight the importance of SCD1-dependent lipid synthesis in P. gingivalis-induced stemness acquisition in OSCC cells, suggest that the NOD1/KLF5 axis may play a key role in regulating SCD1 expression and provide a molecular basis for targeting SCD1 as a new option for attenuating OSCC cells stemness.
Porphyromonas gingivalis/pathogenicity* ; Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase/metabolism* ; Humans ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Animals ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/microbiology* ; Mice, Nude ; Mice ; Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein/metabolism* ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Cell Line, Tumor

Objective To study the developmental process of the region of basal nuclei of postmortem fetuses by 3.0 T and 7.0 T MRI.Methods One hundred and thirty-one postmortem fetuses of 14 to 40 weeks of gestational age(GA)were scanned by 3.0 T MR,of which 11 fetuses of 14-27 weeks of GA were chosen and scanned by 7.0 T MR. The time when the structures in the region of basal nuclei could be detected and the changes of MR signal intensity were analyzed for MRI of different Tesla.Results On 3.0 T MRI.the dorsal thalamus could be delineated as early as 14 weeks of GA. The germinal matrix, caudate nucleus,and putamen could be visualized as early as 15 weeks of GA. The globus pallidus could be described as early as 18 weeks of GA.and the internal capsule and external capsule could be shown as early as 20 weeks of GA. The signal of the caudate nucleus during 15-30 weeks of GA was relatively hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI.but during 31-40 weeks of GA, it was relatively hyperintense on T1WI and hypointense on T2WI. The putamen had a relatively high signal intensity on T1WI and low signal intemity on T1WI during 15-17 weeks of GA, and it appeared patchy during 18-25 weeks of GA,then it had a relatively low signal intensity on T1WI and high signal intensity on T2WI during 26-30 weeks of GA, and during 31-40 weeks of GA,its signal intensity was relatively high on T1WI and low on T2WI.The globus pallidus had a relatively high signal intensity on T1WI and low signal intensity on T2WI during 20-40 weeks of GA Compared to the 3.0 T MRI,the T2 images of 7.0 T MRl were more clear,and most structures in the region of basal nuclei could be clearly displayed as early as 16 weeks of GA.such as the germinal matrix,caudate nucleus,dorsal thalamus,putamen,globus pallidus,internal capsule,and external capsule.The claustrum could be delineated as early as 18 weeks of GA on 7.0 T MRI. Conclusions 3.0 T MRI could show the developmental process of the region of basal nuclei well,but the T2 images of 7.0 TMRl were comparatively better.

Objective To study the capability of high field MRI in demonstrating the post-mortem fetal brains at different gestational age(GA).Methods One hundred and eight post-mortem fetal brains of 14-40 weeks GA were evaluated by 3.0 T MRI. Eleven brains of 14 to 27 weeks GA with good 3.0 T MRI images were chosen and scanned by 7.0 T MRI. The developing sulci, layered structures of fetal cerebral cortex and basal nuclei were evaluated on MRI of different Tesla(3.0 T and 7.0 T)and their results analyzed. Results On T_1 WI of 3.0 T MRI, the layered structures of fetal cerebral cortex were present at 14 weeks GA, the sulci were more accurately identified after 16 weeks GA. The basal nuclei were clearly distinguishable after 20 weeks GA. and these structures were better visualized as the GA increased. On T_2WI of 7.0 T MRI, the sulei, layered structures of fetal cerebral cortex and basal nuclei were shown more clearly at the same GA when compared to 3.0 T, especially the sulci at the early developmental stages. Conclusions T_1 WI of 3.0 T MRI could show the developing structures of post-mortem fetal brain well, but the T_2 WI of 7.0 T MRI were comparatively better.

Objective To observe the major adverse reaction of irinotecan in combination with fluorouracil for advanced colorectal cancer,and sum up the nursing experience of acetylcholine syndrome and acute delayed diarrhea.Methods Pathologically confirmed 45 cases of patients with advanced colorectal cancer were treated with modified FOLFIRI regimen for total of 190 cycles.Results Acetylcholine syndrome rate was 28.9%,the incidence of acute delayed diarrhea was 40.0% ,more than 3 grade diarrhea was 6.7%.Conclusion The incidence of acute delayed diarrhea in Chinese patients is lower than in caucasians,and reasonable care measures can reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions,irinotecan in combination with fluorouracil is a safe and effective regimen for Chinese patients.