Hypertension is a major factor leading to cardiovascular events and death, and accurate blood pressure measurement is a fundamental means of evaluating blood pressure levels, achieving hypertension diagnosis, and observing antihypertensive efficacy. Compared to traditional brachial pressure, central aortic pressure (CAP) exhibits a stronger correlation with cardiovascular events. However, its non-invasive detection technology has not yet been widely adopted in clinical practice. In order to promote the clinical application of CAP and optimize blood pressure management, this article systematically summarizes the research progress of CAP estimation algorithms. These algorithms were categorized into three types: direct substitution methods, generalized model-based methods and personalized estimation methods. The characteristics and clinical adaptability of each algorithm were analyzed. The findings highlight that CAP estimation algorithms are moving towards personalization and non-linearity.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Blood Pressure Determination/methods* ; Hypertension/physiopathology* ; Arterial Pressure/physiology* ; Blood Pressure/physiology* ; Aorta/physiology*

Long QT syndrome(LQTS)is a rare and inherited cardiac channelopathy with high lethality,which is characterized by prolonged QTc interval and frequent malignant arrhythmia,the cause of the disease is that mutations of genes coding for cardiac ion channel subunit or channel associated proteins. Since some fetal LQTS may die in utero or neonatal period,thus,prenatal suspicion or diagnosis of fetal LQTS may improve their outcome and prognosis. There-fore,this review prepares to discuss around the prenatal diagnosis and management of fetal LQTS.

The miniplate was designed and three-dimensional (3D) printed according to the positions of roots and tooth germs and then it was used as skeletal anchorage to protract the maxilla. The maxilla moved forward obviously after treatment. Custom designed and 3D printed miniplate could be used for maxillary protraction.