Objective To explore the potential categories and influencing factors of cognitive function trajectories in elderly hemodialysis patients.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis in the blood purification center of a tertiary hospital in Beijing,China,from June 2022 to June 2024.A general information questionnaire,the Short Physical Performance Battery,the Patients Health Questionnaire-9,the Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire,the Hemodialysis Self-Management Instrument,and the Mini-Mental State Examination,were used to collect data at the time of enrollment.Cognitive function was evaluated at the time of enrollment and 6,12,18,and 24 months after enrollment,using latent category growth model to identify trajectory categories,and logistic regression,and decision tree models to analyze the influences on cognitive function trajectories.Results Finally,304 patients were included.A total of 2 trajectories of cognitive function in elderly hemodialysis patients were identified,namely,high-level stable group(63.2％)and low-level declining group(36.8％).Both logistic regression and decision model results showed that the type of dialyzer,body mass index,physical function,and depression status were the factors influencing potential categories of cognitive function for elderly hemodialysis patients.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for logistic regression and decision tree models were 0.823[95％CI(0.775,0.870)]and 0.816[95％CI(0.765,0.867)],respectively.Conclusion There is heterogeneity in the cognitive function trajectories of elderly hemodialysis patients,and healthcare professionals can develop targeted interventions according to the influencing factors of the trajectory categories to improve their cognitive function.

After ostomy surgery, patients lose the ability to control their anal sphincter, relying on ostomy pouches for excretion. Convex baseplates offer several advantages, including preventing leakage, reducing the risk of stoma and peripheral skin complications, and adapting to the dynamic stoma shapes caused by peristaltic expansion and contraction of the stoma. This article reviews the structure and features of convex baseplates, usage considerations, existing challenges, and future prospects, aiming to provide a reference for the standardized clinical use of convex baseplates and to improve patient health outcomes.

The classification of stoma skin barriers varies based on their specific features. The curvature design of convex skin barriers provides a secure and effective seal for patients with flat, retracted stomas or peristomal skin folds. The secure sealing ability of convex skin barriers is attributed to several critical structural components. Although convex skin barriers offer many clinical advantages, there is currently no unified standard for measuring their characteristics, resulting in confusion among healthcare professionals when selecting stoma care products. To address this issue, the 2021 International Stoma Care Expert Meeting proposed the Expert Consensus on Characteristics of Convex Skin Barriers and Clinical Application, which clearly defines five essential properties and clinical application guidelines for convex barriers. However, as most consensus contributors are from Europe and North America, its applicability in Chinese healthcare settings may be limited. Therefore, this paper provides a detailed interpretation of the five characteristics and clinical application statements of convex skin barriers, aiming to offer practical guidance to clinical nurses in selecting appropriate convex products and managing stoma-related complications.

After ostomy surgery, patients lose the ability to control their anal sphincter, relying on ostomy pouches for excretion. Convex baseplates offer several advantages, including preventing leakage, reducing the risk of stoma and peripheral skin complications, and adapting to the dynamic stoma shapes caused by peristaltic expansion and contraction of the stoma. This article reviews the structure and features of convex baseplates, usage considerations, existing challenges, and future prospects, aiming to provide a reference for the standardized clinical use of convex baseplates and to improve patient health outcomes.

Objective To explore the potential categories and influencing factors of cognitive function trajectories in elderly hemodialysis patients.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis in the blood purification center of a tertiary hospital in Beijing,China,from June 2022 to June 2024.A general information questionnaire,the Short Physical Performance Battery,the Patients Health Questionnaire-9,the Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire,the Hemodialysis Self-Management Instrument,and the Mini-Mental State Examination,were used to collect data at the time of enrollment.Cognitive function was evaluated at the time of enrollment and 6,12,18,and 24 months after enrollment,using latent category growth model to identify trajectory categories,and logistic regression,and decision tree models to analyze the influences on cognitive function trajectories.Results Finally,304 patients were included.A total of 2 trajectories of cognitive function in elderly hemodialysis patients were identified,namely,high-level stable group(63.2％)and low-level declining group(36.8％).Both logistic regression and decision model results showed that the type of dialyzer,body mass index,physical function,and depression status were the factors influencing potential categories of cognitive function for elderly hemodialysis patients.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for logistic regression and decision tree models were 0.823[95％CI(0.775,0.870)]and 0.816[95％CI(0.765,0.867)],respectively.Conclusion There is heterogeneity in the cognitive function trajectories of elderly hemodialysis patients,and healthcare professionals can develop targeted interventions according to the influencing factors of the trajectory categories to improve their cognitive function.

Objective To investigate the distribution difference of T lymphocyte subsets in common and refractory mycoplasma pneumonia and its impact on treatment.Methods Two hundred children with mycoplasma pneumonia hospitalized from October 2023 to January 2024 were retrospectively reviewed and divided into common mycoplasma pneumonia group and refractory mycoplasma pneumonia group(n=100 each)according to the severity of disease and treatment.The distribution of T cell immunophenotypes CD4+,CD8+and CD4+/CD8+were compared between common mycoplasma pneumonia and refractory mycoplasma pneumonia.The predictive value of CD4+,CD8+counting,CD4+/CD8+and combined detection on the occurrence of refractory mycoplasma pneumonia were ana-lyzed.Results Compared with the common mycoplasma pneumonia group,the refractory mycoplasma pneumonia group had more school-age children,longer fever duration and hospital stay(P＜0.05).Compared with the common mycoplasma pneumonia group,CD4+expression was slightly decreased in the refractory mycoplasma pneumonia group,but there was no statistical significance between the two groups;CD8+expression was significantly increased while CD4+/CD8+expression was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)showed that CD4+(AUC=0.532,95%CI=0.455-0.608),CD8+(AUC=0.592,95%CI=0.515-0.666),CD4+/CD8+(AUC=0.579,95%CI=0.502-0.653)and combined detection(AUC=0.607,95%CI=0.531-0.680).Conclusions Compared with the common mycoplasma pneumonia group,CD4+expression is slightly decreased,CD8+expression is significantly increased,and CD4+/CD8+expression is significantly decreased in the refractory mycoplasma pneumonia group.All these indicators hold certain value in predicting the occurrence of refractory mycoplasma pneumonia,with combined detection demonstrating higher predictive value.

Objective Analysis of the effects of relaxation training combined with exercise intervention in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy,aiming to provide reference for clinical nursing practice.Methods Using a convenience sampling method,80 colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in the oncology ward of a tertiary A hospital in Changzhou,Jiangsu Province from November 2022 to November 2023 were selected as study subjects.Patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group using a random number table method,with 40 patients in each group.The experimental group received relaxation training combined with exercise interventionin addition to routine care provided to the control group.The control group received routine care.Differences in 6-minute walking distance,anxiety,depression and quality of life scores before and after six chemotherapy cycles were compared between the 2 groups.Results Finally,70 patients completed the intervention,with 35 patients in each group.After the intervention,there were differences in 6-minute walking distance,anxiety scores,depression scores,and overall health status scores between the 2 groups were all statistically significant(P＜0.001).Conclusion Relaxation training combined with exercise intervention can maintain exercise endurance in colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and alleviate anxiety and depression to some extent,helping to improve patients' quality of life.

Objective Analysis of the effects of relaxation training combined with exercise intervention in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy,aiming to provide reference for clinical nursing practice.Methods Using a convenience sampling method,80 colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in the oncology ward of a tertiary A hospital in Changzhou,Jiangsu Province from November 2022 to November 2023 were selected as study subjects.Patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group using a random number table method,with 40 patients in each group.The experimental group received relaxation training combined with exercise interventionin addition to routine care provided to the control group.The control group received routine care.Differences in 6-minute walking distance,anxiety,depression and quality of life scores before and after six chemotherapy cycles were compared between the 2 groups.Results Finally,70 patients completed the intervention,with 35 patients in each group.After the intervention,there were differences in 6-minute walking distance,anxiety scores,depression scores,and overall health status scores between the 2 groups were all statistically significant(P＜0.001).Conclusion Relaxation training combined with exercise intervention can maintain exercise endurance in colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and alleviate anxiety and depression to some extent,helping to improve patients' quality of life.

The classification of stoma skin barriers varies based on their specific features. The curvature design of convex skin barriers provides a secure and effective seal for patients with flat, retracted stomas or peristomal skin folds. The secure sealing ability of convex skin barriers is attributed to several critical structural components. Although convex skin barriers offer many clinical advantages, there is currently no unified standard for measuring their characteristics, resulting in confusion among healthcare professionals when selecting stoma care products. To address this issue, the 2021 International Stoma Care Expert Meeting proposed the Expert Consensus on Characteristics of Convex Skin Barriers and Clinical Application, which clearly defines five essential properties and clinical application guidelines for convex barriers. However, as most consensus contributors are from Europe and North America, its applicability in Chinese healthcare settings may be limited. Therefore, this paper provides a detailed interpretation of the five characteristics and clinical application statements of convex skin barriers, aiming to offer practical guidance to clinical nurses in selecting appropriate convex products and managing stoma-related complications.

Objective To explore the mediating effect of positive coping styles on the relationship between resilience and vicarious trauma in nurses in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods Nurses in ICU were recruited through convenience sampling and surveyed by the general information questionnaire, the Disaster Relief Vicarious Trauma Scale, the Resilience Scale, and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. Results For the 242 nurses in ICU, the mean score of vicarious trauma was (85.02±19.54), the mean score of resilience was (65.47±16.37), and the mean scores of positive and negative coping styles were (25.10±6.52) and (13.65±5.29) respectively. Vicarious trauma was negatively correlated with resilience and positive coping styles (r=-0.49, -0.41, P < 0.01), while resilience was positively correlated with both positive and negative coping styles (r=0.62, 0.35, P < 0.01). Bootstrap test results showed that positive coping styles mediated 24.5% of the total effect between resilience and vicarious trauma. Conclusion Nurses in ICU have a high level of vicarious trauma, and their positive coping styles partially mediate the relationship between resilience and vicarious trauma. Clinical nursing managers should emphasize enhancing ICU nurses' resilience and positive coping abilities, implementing strategies to prevent vicarious trauma, and improving their physical and mental health.