Objective: To examine the association of physical activity with cognitive function and mental health among primary school students based on latent subgroup identification and dose response modeling, and to clarify cognitive-psychological profiles and the protective role of physical exercise, so as to provide evidence based support for physical exercise promoting mental health among primary school students. Methods: A study was conducted among 546 primary school students aged 8-12 years old from a primary school in Shanghai from March to June 2025. Physical fitness indicators, including vital capacity, 50 m sprint, sit and reach, and 1 min rope skipping were measured. Physical exercise was assessed by using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), and mental health was assessed by using the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale, 47-item version (RCADS-47). Cognitive function was assessed by using Stroop, N-back, and task-switching tasks. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed for cognitive-psychological health of primary school students based on seven cognitive indicators and six psychological indicators. Multivariable Logistic regression, trend test, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to examine associations between physical exercise and psychological highrisk status. Results: Five cognitive psychological health subgroups were identified:high symptom and impaired cognition group ( n =40, 7.3%), low cognition and low symptom group ( n =108, 19.8% ), and high cognition and high symptom group ( n =110, 20.2%), cognitive advantage and psychologically healthy group ( n = 272, 49.8%), and extremely high symptom and cognitively vulnerable group ( n =16, 2.9%). Among them, the high symptom and impaired-cognition group and extremely high symptom and cognitively vulnerable group were classified as psychologically high risk types. Significant differences were observed across subgroups in psychological symptoms, cognitive function, some physical fitness indicators and physical exercise level, except for body weight, body mass index, and sit and reach ( F =2.64-297.53, all P < 0.05). The results of the multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that high level sports, including high total volume of physical exercise, single session duration >30 min, high intensity, and frequency ≥3 times/week, was associated with lower psychological high risk status ( OR =0.20, 0.36, 0.33, 0.40, all P <0.05). Trend analysis showed that total volume of physical exercise and single session exercise duration were negatively associated with psychological high risk status among primary school students ( OR =0.98, 0.79, both P trend <0.05). RCS analysis showed no statistically significant overall or nonlinear association between total volume of physical exercise and psychological high risk status ( χ 2=2.92, 0.01, both P >0.05). Conclusions Cognitive-psychological health among primary school students is heterogeneous. Physical exercise is associated with psychological health improvement and may show a threshold effect, with total volume of physical exercise and single session exercise duration being the key dimensions.

Objective:To analyze the selection of internal fixation methods, surgical outcomes, and complications in patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) accompanied by dystrophic lumbosacral deformities, and to evaluate the indications for pelvic fixation.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 21 patients with NF1 and associated dystrophic lumbosacral malformations (L 4 to sacrum) who underwent spinal deformity correction surgery at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2009 to November 2022. The cohort included 11 males and 10 females, with a mean surgical age of 15.4±4.7 years (range, 7-24 years). Patients were divided into two groups based on whether pelvic fixation was performed: 10 patients in the non-pelvic fixation group (NP group) and 11 in the pelvic fixation group (P group), where fixation involved second sacral alar-iliac (S 2AI) screws or iliac screws. Radiographic parameters, including the Cobb angle of the lumbosacral fractional curve, main curve, and focal kyphosis, were compared preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the last follow-up. Results:The NP group had a significantly lower mean age (13.2±4.9 years) compared to the P group (17.5±3.5 years; t=2.287, P=0.034). Spinal instability (rotational subluxation or spondylolisthesis) due to dystrophic changes was observed in 2 patients in the NP group and 8 in the P group, a statistically significant difference (χ 2=5.838, P=0.030). In the P group, five patients underwent unilateral fixation and six underwent bilateral fixation. Implant types included 2 cases with iliac screws, 1 case with iliac screws plus S 2AI, and 8 cases with S 2AI screws alone. The utilization rate of hooks was significantly higher in the NP group (12.6%±11.5%) compared to the P group (3.5%±6.9%; t=2.230, P=0.038). The preoperative Cobb angle of the lumbosacral fractional curve was significantly smaller in the NP group (13.8°±9.0°) than in the P group (25.5°±13.9°; t=2.228, P=0.039). Postoperatively, the angles were corrected to 6.3°±6.1° and 6.4°±5.3°, respectively ( t=0.901, P=0.969), with correction rates of 57.3%±13.6% and 74.1%±17.8% ( t=2.369, P=0.029). At final follow-up, the angles remained stable (6.6°±6.6° vs. 6.3°±4.8°; t=0.116, P=0.909). For the main curve, preoperative Cobb angles were 52.5°±15.1° (NP) and 61.1°±16.9° (P; t=1.200, P=0.246), corrected to 31.3°±13.8° and 28.0°±8.4°, respectively ( t=0.646, P=0.526). Correction rates were 41.3%±13.0% in the NP group and 53.2%±11.6% in the P group ( t=2.206, P=0.037). At the final follow-up, these values were 32.4°±14.2° and 31.7°±10.3° ( t=0.133, P=0.896). Focal kyphosis, seen in 9 patients, was corrected from 19.7°±10.9° preoperatively to -13.6°±9.5° postoperatively, and remained at -14.1°±9.6° at the final follow-up ( F=33.547, P<0.001). Multi-rod systems were used in 6 cases (NP group) and 7 cases (P group), with no significant difference (χ 2=0.153, P=0.926). Two patients in the NP group developed coronal decompensation three years postoperatively, and one required revision surgery. In the P group, rod breakage occurred in 3 patients, two of whom underwent revision. Conclusions:Dystrophic rotational subluxation or spondylolisthesis of the lumbosacral spine is a primary indication for pelvic fixation in patients with NF1-associated deformities. However, complications related to internal fixation remain common. The combined use of a multi-rod screw-hook hybrid system, particularly when extending across the lumbosacral region, may reduce the risk of instrumentation failure.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of avatrombopag in promoting hematopoietic reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Method:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 recipients with hematological malignancies who underwent allo-HSCT at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2022 to August 2023. Recipients with hepatic or renal insufficiency before conditioning, those who received other thrombopoietic agents after allo-HSCT, those with severe respiratory or circulatory system diseases, and those with a history of thromboembolic events were excluded. Among them, 30 recipients who received avatrombopag within 14 days post-transplantation were assigned to the avatrombopag group, while the remaining 30 recipients who did not receive any thrombopoietic agents served as the control group. Clinical characteristics, hematopoietic stem cell engraftment, bone marrow proliferation, transfusion requirements, transplant-related complications, and laboratory adverse events were compared between the two groups.Result:The median platelet engraftment time in the avatrombopag group was 13 days (range: 9~25 days), and the neutrophil engraftment time was 13 days (range: 11~21 days). In the control group, he platelet engraftment time was 15 days (range: 10~51 days), and neutrophil engraftment time was 14 days (range: 10~30 days). The difference in platelet engraftment time between the two groups was statistically significant ( P=0.039). Bone marrow analysis on day 28 post-transplant showed that the proportion of recipients with active bone marrow hyperplasia was 96.7% in the avatrombopag group and 73.3% in the control group ( P=0.030); the median number of megakaryocytes was 30 vs. 6, respectively ( P<0.001); and the proportion of mature platelet-producing megakaryocytes was 44% vs. 26.3% ( P<0.001). Regarding transfusion requirements, the median platelet transfusion volume within 28 days post-transplantation was 4.5 U (range: 2~16 U) in the avatrombopag group and 6.5 U (range: 3~32 U) in the control group ( P=0.007). The time to achieve platelet transfusion independence was 13 days (range: 8~25 days) in the avatrombopag group and 14 days (range: 10~36 days) in the control group ( P=0.026). The median red blood cell transfusion volume in both groups was 4 U, with no significant difference ( P=0.354). Medication adherence in the avatrombopag group was 100%. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of incidence of post-transplant infections (70% vs. 83.3%), bleeding (50% vs. 60%), graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (30% vs. 40%), or abnormal laboratory tests (86.7% vs. 90%) (all P>0.05). Conclusion:The use of avatrombopag after allo-HSCT in patients with hematologic malignancies can promote bone marrow hematopoiesis and platelet engraftment, reduce platelet transfusion volume, and shorten the duration of platelet transfusion dependence. Avatrombopag is well tolerated, and no serious adverse reactions were observed during treatment.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a highly aggressive hematologic malignancy with a poor prognosis, despite advancements in treatment. Many patients struggle with relapse or refractory disease. Investigating the role of the super-enhancer (SE) regulated gene ubiquitin-specific protease 20 (USP20) in T-ALL could enhance targeted therapies and improve clinical outcomes. Analysis of histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) data from six T-ALL cell lines and seven pediatric samples identified USP20 as an SE-regulated driver gene. Utilizing the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and BloodSpot databases, it was found that USP20 is specifically highly expressed in T-ALL. Knocking down USP20 with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) increased apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in T-ALL cells. In vivo studies showed that USP20 knockdown reduced tumor growth and improved survival. The USP20 inhibitor GSK2643943A demonstrated similar anti-tumor effects. Mass spectrometry, RNA-Seq, and immunoprecipitation revealed that USP20 interacted with hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1A) and stabilized it by deubiquitination. Cleavage under targets and tagmentation (CUT&Tag) results indicated that USP20 co-localized with HIF1A, jointly modulating target genes in T-ALL. This study identifies USP20 as a therapeutic target in T-ALL and suggests GSK2643943A as a potential treatment strategy.

Objective:To investigate the impact of frailty on post-stroke depression (PSD) in patients with acute ischemic stroke and to identify risk factors for PSD in order to construct a risk prediction model.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to recruit a total of 450 patients with acute ischemic stroke who were treated in the Department of Neurology at the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from March 2023 to April 2024. Data were collected using the Edmonton Frail Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Barthel Index (Activities of Daily Living, ADL), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Morse Fall Scale. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the impact of frailty on PSD and to identify other risk factors. Based on the results, a predictive model was developed.Results:A total of 450 questionnaires were distributed, with 412 valid responses returned, yielding a valid response rate of 91.56%. The incidence of PSD among the 412 patients was 45.63% (188/412). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that frailty, sleep disturbance, C-reactive protein (CRP), and ADL score were the influencing factors for PSD in patients with acute ischemic stroke ( P<0.05). These factors were incorporated into the predictive model, and a risk nomogram was constructed. The area under the curve of the model was 0.764 [95% CI (0.716, 0.811) ], indicating good discriminative ability. Internal validation of the nomogram using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed χ 2=5.883, P=0.66 ( P>0.05), suggesting good calibration of the model. Conclusions:Frailty increases the risk of post-stroke depression in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Sleep disturbance, CRP level, and ADL score are important screening indicators for PSD risk. Targeted assessment and early intervention are recommended to reduce the likelihood of PSD.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of avatrombopag in promoting hematopoietic reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Method:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 recipients with hematological malignancies who underwent allo-HSCT at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2022 to August 2023. Recipients with hepatic or renal insufficiency before conditioning, those who received other thrombopoietic agents after allo-HSCT, those with severe respiratory or circulatory system diseases, and those with a history of thromboembolic events were excluded. Among them, 30 recipients who received avatrombopag within 14 days post-transplantation were assigned to the avatrombopag group, while the remaining 30 recipients who did not receive any thrombopoietic agents served as the control group. Clinical characteristics, hematopoietic stem cell engraftment, bone marrow proliferation, transfusion requirements, transplant-related complications, and laboratory adverse events were compared between the two groups.Result:The median platelet engraftment time in the avatrombopag group was 13 days (range: 9~25 days), and the neutrophil engraftment time was 13 days (range: 11~21 days). In the control group, he platelet engraftment time was 15 days (range: 10~51 days), and neutrophil engraftment time was 14 days (range: 10~30 days). The difference in platelet engraftment time between the two groups was statistically significant ( P=0.039). Bone marrow analysis on day 28 post-transplant showed that the proportion of recipients with active bone marrow hyperplasia was 96.7% in the avatrombopag group and 73.3% in the control group ( P=0.030); the median number of megakaryocytes was 30 vs. 6, respectively ( P<0.001); and the proportion of mature platelet-producing megakaryocytes was 44% vs. 26.3% ( P<0.001). Regarding transfusion requirements, the median platelet transfusion volume within 28 days post-transplantation was 4.5 U (range: 2~16 U) in the avatrombopag group and 6.5 U (range: 3~32 U) in the control group ( P=0.007). The time to achieve platelet transfusion independence was 13 days (range: 8~25 days) in the avatrombopag group and 14 days (range: 10~36 days) in the control group ( P=0.026). The median red blood cell transfusion volume in both groups was 4 U, with no significant difference ( P=0.354). Medication adherence in the avatrombopag group was 100%. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of incidence of post-transplant infections (70% vs. 83.3%), bleeding (50% vs. 60%), graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (30% vs. 40%), or abnormal laboratory tests (86.7% vs. 90%) (all P>0.05). Conclusion:The use of avatrombopag after allo-HSCT in patients with hematologic malignancies can promote bone marrow hematopoiesis and platelet engraftment, reduce platelet transfusion volume, and shorten the duration of platelet transfusion dependence. Avatrombopag is well tolerated, and no serious adverse reactions were observed during treatment.

Objective:To analyze the selection of internal fixation methods, surgical outcomes, and complications in patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) accompanied by dystrophic lumbosacral deformities, and to evaluate the indications for pelvic fixation.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 21 patients with NF1 and associated dystrophic lumbosacral malformations (L 4 to sacrum) who underwent spinal deformity correction surgery at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2009 to November 2022. The cohort included 11 males and 10 females, with a mean surgical age of 15.4±4.7 years (range, 7-24 years). Patients were divided into two groups based on whether pelvic fixation was performed: 10 patients in the non-pelvic fixation group (NP group) and 11 in the pelvic fixation group (P group), where fixation involved second sacral alar-iliac (S 2AI) screws or iliac screws. Radiographic parameters, including the Cobb angle of the lumbosacral fractional curve, main curve, and focal kyphosis, were compared preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the last follow-up. Results:The NP group had a significantly lower mean age (13.2±4.9 years) compared to the P group (17.5±3.5 years; t=2.287, P=0.034). Spinal instability (rotational subluxation or spondylolisthesis) due to dystrophic changes was observed in 2 patients in the NP group and 8 in the P group, a statistically significant difference (χ 2=5.838, P=0.030). In the P group, five patients underwent unilateral fixation and six underwent bilateral fixation. Implant types included 2 cases with iliac screws, 1 case with iliac screws plus S 2AI, and 8 cases with S 2AI screws alone. The utilization rate of hooks was significantly higher in the NP group (12.6%±11.5%) compared to the P group (3.5%±6.9%; t=2.230, P=0.038). The preoperative Cobb angle of the lumbosacral fractional curve was significantly smaller in the NP group (13.8°±9.0°) than in the P group (25.5°±13.9°; t=2.228, P=0.039). Postoperatively, the angles were corrected to 6.3°±6.1° and 6.4°±5.3°, respectively ( t=0.901, P=0.969), with correction rates of 57.3%±13.6% and 74.1%±17.8% ( t=2.369, P=0.029). At final follow-up, the angles remained stable (6.6°±6.6° vs. 6.3°±4.8°; t=0.116, P=0.909). For the main curve, preoperative Cobb angles were 52.5°±15.1° (NP) and 61.1°±16.9° (P; t=1.200, P=0.246), corrected to 31.3°±13.8° and 28.0°±8.4°, respectively ( t=0.646, P=0.526). Correction rates were 41.3%±13.0% in the NP group and 53.2%±11.6% in the P group ( t=2.206, P=0.037). At the final follow-up, these values were 32.4°±14.2° and 31.7°±10.3° ( t=0.133, P=0.896). Focal kyphosis, seen in 9 patients, was corrected from 19.7°±10.9° preoperatively to -13.6°±9.5° postoperatively, and remained at -14.1°±9.6° at the final follow-up ( F=33.547, P<0.001). Multi-rod systems were used in 6 cases (NP group) and 7 cases (P group), with no significant difference (χ 2=0.153, P=0.926). Two patients in the NP group developed coronal decompensation three years postoperatively, and one required revision surgery. In the P group, rod breakage occurred in 3 patients, two of whom underwent revision. Conclusions:Dystrophic rotational subluxation or spondylolisthesis of the lumbosacral spine is a primary indication for pelvic fixation in patients with NF1-associated deformities. However, complications related to internal fixation remain common. The combined use of a multi-rod screw-hook hybrid system, particularly when extending across the lumbosacral region, may reduce the risk of instrumentation failure.

Objective:To investigate the impact of frailty on post-stroke depression (PSD) in patients with acute ischemic stroke and to identify risk factors for PSD in order to construct a risk prediction model.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to recruit a total of 450 patients with acute ischemic stroke who were treated in the Department of Neurology at the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from March 2023 to April 2024. Data were collected using the Edmonton Frail Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Barthel Index (Activities of Daily Living, ADL), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Morse Fall Scale. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the impact of frailty on PSD and to identify other risk factors. Based on the results, a predictive model was developed.Results:A total of 450 questionnaires were distributed, with 412 valid responses returned, yielding a valid response rate of 91.56%. The incidence of PSD among the 412 patients was 45.63% (188/412). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that frailty, sleep disturbance, C-reactive protein (CRP), and ADL score were the influencing factors for PSD in patients with acute ischemic stroke ( P<0.05). These factors were incorporated into the predictive model, and a risk nomogram was constructed. The area under the curve of the model was 0.764 [95% CI (0.716, 0.811) ], indicating good discriminative ability. Internal validation of the nomogram using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed χ 2=5.883, P=0.66 ( P>0.05), suggesting good calibration of the model. Conclusions:Frailty increases the risk of post-stroke depression in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Sleep disturbance, CRP level, and ADL score are important screening indicators for PSD risk. Targeted assessment and early intervention are recommended to reduce the likelihood of PSD.

Objective:To explore the correlation between frailty and carotid plaque stability in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. From May to December 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 360 patients with ischemic stroke in the Department of Neurology of Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University and underwent carotid artery color Doppler ultrasound examination as the study subject. Patients were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire, Barthel Index and the Edmonton Frail Scale. Carotid artery color Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate the stability of carotid plaques in patients. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to explore the correlation between frailty and carotid plaque stability.Results:A total of 360 questionnaires were distributed, and 352 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid response rate of 97.78%. The incidence of frailty in 352 ischemic stroke patients was 44.89% (158/352). Multivariate analysis showed that compared to stable plaques, unstable carotid plaques were an independent risk factor for frailty in patients with ischemic stroke ( OR=2.127, 95% confidence interval: 1.247-3.626) . Conclusions:Compared to stable plaques, unstable carotid plaques increase the risk of frailty in patients with ischemic stroke. Strengthening the assessment of carotid plaques in patients with ischemic stroke by nursing staff can early identify high-risk individuals for frailty, and timely carry out personalized interventions, thereby reducing the occurrence of adverse health events in patients.

Objective To investigate the application effect of group therapy in improving the subjective well-being (SWB) of elderly patients with long-term hospitalization. Methods Totally 100 cases of elderly patients admitted in geriatric ward of Ningbo First Hospital for long-time were selected. Newfoundland scale of happiness (MUNSH) scale and the negative life events questionnaire were used to investigate elderly inpatients, and patients with MUNSH ≤12 points received group therapy. Patients were divided into several groups to receive the intervention according to the negative life events. One year after intervention,patients receiving group therapy were evaluated again by using MUNSH scale to evaluate the intervention effect. Results Among 100 elderly patients,there were 32 cases of high SWB,3 cases of low SWB,and 65 cases of medium SWB. 53 cases of patients had sleep disorders,and 62.26% of them had low SWB. After intervention,the scores of negative experience and emotion of elderly patients were lower than those before intervention (P<0.05);the scores of positive emotion and positive experience and the total MUNSH score were higher than those before intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusions According to the different influencing factors,group interventions can significantly improve the SWB level of elderly patients with long-term hospitalization,so as to improve their quality of life.