ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism of Jianpi Huazhuo Tiaozhi Granule （健脾化浊调脂颗粒， JHTG） in treating atherosclerosis （AS） based on the regulation of perivascular adipose tissue （PVAT） browning via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/AKT） signaling pathway. MethodsFifteen SPF male C57BL/6J mice served as control group， while 76 ApoE^-/- mice were first fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks to establish AS model. After successful modeling， they were randomly divided into model group （n=16）， as well as the browning group， the low-， medium- and high-dose JHTG group， with 15 mice in each group. The browning group was intraperitoneally injected with β3-adrenergic receptor agonist CL 316243 at 1 mg/（kg·d） once daily. The low-， medium- and high-dose JHTG groups were treated with 4.3 g/（kg·d）， 8.6 g/（kg·d）， and 17.2 g/（kg·d） of JHTG by gavage， respectively， while the control group and the model group were given normal saline at 10 ml/（kg·d） by intragastric administration， once daily. All groups received continuous intervention for 4 weeks. The aorta was collected to assess the plaque ratio by gross oil red O staining. HE staining was used to measure the plaque area in cross-sections. Masson staining was employed to detect the proportion of collagen fibers in plaque. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the quantity and morphological changes of mitochondria and lipid droplets in adipocytes. The levels of serum triglycerides （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） were detected， as well as tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） and interleukin 6 （IL-6） levels in the PVAT and aorta. The protein levels of adiponectin and leptin in PVAT， and protein expression levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）， phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase （p-PI3K）， protein kinase B （AKT）， phosphorylated protein kinase B （p-AKT）， uncoupling protein 1 （UCP1）， peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α （PGC-1α）， and PR domain containing 16 （PRDM16） were measured. The mRNA expression levels of UCP1， PGC-1α and PRDM16 in PVAT were detected. ResultsCompared to the control group， the model group showed increased serum TG， TC， and LDL-C levels and decreased HDL-C level， elevated TNF-α and IL-6 levels in PVAT and aorta， decreased average fluorescence intensity of adiponectin， increased average fluorescence intensity of leptin， reduced p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT values as well as protein levels and mRNA expression levels of UCP1， PGC-1α and PRDM16 （P＜0.01）. The pathological results showed that no significant plaque formation was observed in the aortas of mice in the control group. In the model group， multiple plaques were observed in the aortas， with large numbers of foam cells， cholesterol crystals， and inflammatory cell aggregation in the plaques. Compared to the model group， the browning group and the high-dose JHTG group significantly improved the above indicators and aortic pathological changes （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Three JHTG groups showed a dose-dependent effect in reducing LDL-C level and plaque ratio by gross oil red O staining， elevating the average fluorescence intensity of adiponectin， the p-AKT/AKT value， the protein level of PGC-1α， and the mRNA expression levels of UCP1 and PRDM16 （P＜0.05）. The high-dose JHTG group and the browning group showed similar efficacy in improving the pathology of the aorta. ConclusionJHTG may promote PVAT browning in AS model mice through the PI3K/AKT pathway， improve the endocrine function of PVAT， inhibit aortic inflammation， and thereby ameliorate the formation of AS plaques.

Objective: To examine the association between school sports environment and exercise habits among college students, and to test the mediating role of weight management intention in the relationship, so as to provide empirical evidence for promoting exercise habit formation of college students. Methods: A multi stage cluster sampling survey was conducted from April 15 to May 15, 2025, among 2 687 undergraduates from 8 colleges in Beijing, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in China. School Sports Environment Characteristics Questionnaire, Weight Management Behavioral Intention Questionnaire and College Students Exercise Habit Scale were used for evaluation. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to examine the correlations among the three variables. A structural equation model (SEM) was constructed using AMOS 26.0, and the mediating effect was tested using the Bootstrap method. Results: The score for school sports environment was (3.72±0.57), with scores of (3.68±0.61) for physical environment and (3.74±0.59) for social environment; the scores for weight management intention and the total exercise habit were (4.21±0.46) and (3.94±0.51). School sports environment was positively correlated with weight management intention ( r =0.56) and exercise habits ( r =0.57), and weight management intention was positively correlated with exercise habits ( r =0.71) (all P <0.01). The SEM showed that school sports environment exerted positive impact on weight management intention ( β =0.50) and exercise habits ( β =0.29), weight management intention had a significant positive path to exercise habits ( β =0.52) (all P <0.01). Weight management intention of college students played a partial mediating role in the association between school sports environment and exercise habits, with an indirect effect of 0.259, accounting for 47.01% of the total effect. Conclusions The school sports environment is positively correlated with college students exercise habits, and might indirectly facilitate habit cultivation by improving weight management intention. While optimizing the physical and social environments of school sports in colleges, colleges should place a strong emphasis on stimulating college students weight management intention to promote the formation of their exercise habits.

Objective:To investigate the value of auditory evoked potential(BAEP)parameters of brainstem in assessing damage of auditory pathway of preterm infants after they occurred intracranial hemorrhage,and the correlation between the damage and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.Methods:This study adopted a prospective cohort study design.A total of 158 preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Anhui Provincial Hospital between June 2021 and December 2023 were included.According to whether occurred intracranial hemorrhage,they were divided into observation group(n=78,with intracranial hemorrhage)and the control group(n=80,without intracranial hemorrhage).The standardized BAEP test were used to obtain a series of parameters including the Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval,Ⅴ wave incubation period,and amplitude.The Papile grading system was combined to assess the severity of hemorrhage.The Gesell Developmental Scale was adopted to assess neurodevelopmental levels when follow-up was conducted until the corrected age of 12 months.The multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to screen and identify independent risk factors.Results:Compared to the indicators of control group,the observation group significantly prolonged Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval and Ⅴ wave incubation period,and decreased Ⅴ wave amplitude,and the differences of them between two groups were statistical significance(t=5.038,5.642,-5.476,P<0.05).With aggravating of bleeding degree,the Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval appeared gradient prolonging,and with the grading change,the Ⅴ wave amplitude decreased progressively,and the differences were significant(F=18.326,F=7.894,P<0.001).There was not significant difference in Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval among different grading(P>0.05).The correlation analysis revealed that there was a strong negative correlation between Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval and the Gesell total score,with the strongest correlation between that and the dimension of language communication.Ⅴ wave amplitude was positively correlated with the Gesell total score,which had the highest correlation with the dimension of language communication,and all correlation coefficients reached to the biggest significant level(r=-0.632,-0.634,0.549,P<0.05).Multifactorial model confirmed that prolonging Ⅲ～Ⅴwave interval,increasing Papile grading,and reducing Ⅴ wave amplitude were independent predictors of neurodevelopmental abnormalities(OR=3.214,2.441,0.133,P<0.001).Conclusion:In the BAEP parameters,the Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval and Ⅴ wave amplitude can be used as sensitive indicators for functional damage of brainstem conduction in preterm infants with intracranial hemorrhage,which dynamic changes show significant correlation with long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.

The incidence of leukemia,a malignant cancer originating from the hematopoietic system,is increasing annually.Although traditional treatment method such as chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have improved patient survival rates to some extent,serious side effects,drug tolerance,and high recurrence rates remain.In recent years,studies have shown that the gut microbiota and its metabolites play an important role in the occurrence,development,and complications of leukemia.Imbalance of the gut microbiota can lead to decreased immune function and an intensified inflammatory response,which is a key factor driving disease progression.Some metabolites,such as short-chain fatty acids,enhance immune function and improve patient prognosis through intestinal barrier repair,while others,such as hydrogen sulfide and bile acids,show potential anti-tumor effects exerted through regulation of tumor cell apoptosis and immune balance.Traditional Chinese medicine aimed at regulating the structure of the gut microbiota and its metabolites has shown great potential in alleviating the side effects of chemotherapy for leukemia.This review covers the role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the occurrence,development,and complications of leukemia,and explores treatment strategies for regulating the microbiota,including fecal microbiota transplantation,probiotics,and traditional Chinese medicine intervention.We anticipate that this review will serve as a reference for improving the treatment and prognosis of leukemia.

The incidence of leukemia,a malignant cancer originating from the hematopoietic system,is increasing annually.Although traditional treatment method such as chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have improved patient survival rates to some extent,serious side effects,drug tolerance,and high recurrence rates remain.In recent years,studies have shown that the gut microbiota and its metabolites play an important role in the occurrence,development,and complications of leukemia.Imbalance of the gut microbiota can lead to decreased immune function and an intensified inflammatory response,which is a key factor driving disease progression.Some metabolites,such as short-chain fatty acids,enhance immune function and improve patient prognosis through intestinal barrier repair,while others,such as hydrogen sulfide and bile acids,show potential anti-tumor effects exerted through regulation of tumor cell apoptosis and immune balance.Traditional Chinese medicine aimed at regulating the structure of the gut microbiota and its metabolites has shown great potential in alleviating the side effects of chemotherapy for leukemia.This review covers the role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the occurrence,development,and complications of leukemia,and explores treatment strategies for regulating the microbiota,including fecal microbiota transplantation,probiotics,and traditional Chinese medicine intervention.We anticipate that this review will serve as a reference for improving the treatment and prognosis of leukemia.

Objective:To enhance the understanding of clinical doctors on the concurrence of Sj?gren′s syndrome (SS) and myasthenia gravis (MG), provide reference forclinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:The medical record of SS、MG patient Taian Central hospital in october 2021 was reviewed and a retrospective analysis was conducted. Based on the key words, the main databases domestic and abroad from Jan 1973 to April 2024. The cases reported in the literature were searched out and merged with our case and analyzed by SPSS 27.0. The measurement data of normal distribution were expressed by mean standard deviation ± s, and the measurement data of abnormal distribution were expressed by M( Q1, Q3). Counting data were expressed as examples and percentages (%) . Results:Twenty-one patients with SS complicated with MG were reviewed. Among them, 19(90.5%) patients were female. The average age was (47.6 ± 3.1) years, and the median time from onset to diagnosis was 24 (11, 78) months. There were 11 patients (52.4%) with myasthenia gravis as the initial presentation. The main clinical manifestations of patients with myasthenia muscle fatigue (80.9%, 17/21), gravis include fatigue ptosis (71.4%, 15/21), diplopia, blurred vision (57.1%, 12/21), dysphagia (33.3%, 7/21), joint pain (33.3%, 7/21), odysarthria, and unclear speech (23.8%, 5/21), hair loss (14.3%, 3/21), and swelling of the excocrine glands(9.5%, 2/21). Eighteen patients (85.7%, 18/21) showed positive anti acetylcholine receptor antibodies. Sixteen patients (76.2%) were positive for ANA, and 14 patients (66.8%) were positive for anti SSA or (and) anti SSB antibodies. Four patients (19.0%) also had other autoimmune diseases (Hashimoto′s thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, optic neuritis). In terms of treatment, cholinesterase inhibitors were the most common treatment measure, applied to 18 patients (85.7%), followed by glucocorticoid therapy, and applied to 14 patients (66.8%). In addition, 7 patients (33.3%) received immunosuppressive agents therapy, 5 patients (23.8%) underwent thymectomy, 2 patients (9.5%) received intravenous human immunoglobulin injection, and 1 patient (4.8%) underwent plasma exchange. All patients showed improvement after treatment.Conclusion:SS and MG are both autoimmune diseases, and their coexistence is rare. Clinicans should be aware of this rare association. Early diagnosis is crucial for the treatment and prognosis of patients,and requiresa comprehensive assessment of clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, and auto-antibody test results.

Objective:To investigate the value of auditory evoked potential(BAEP)parameters of brainstem in assessing damage of auditory pathway of preterm infants after they occurred intracranial hemorrhage,and the correlation between the damage and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.Methods:This study adopted a prospective cohort study design.A total of 158 preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Anhui Provincial Hospital between June 2021 and December 2023 were included.According to whether occurred intracranial hemorrhage,they were divided into observation group(n=78,with intracranial hemorrhage)and the control group(n=80,without intracranial hemorrhage).The standardized BAEP test were used to obtain a series of parameters including the Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval,Ⅴ wave incubation period,and amplitude.The Papile grading system was combined to assess the severity of hemorrhage.The Gesell Developmental Scale was adopted to assess neurodevelopmental levels when follow-up was conducted until the corrected age of 12 months.The multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to screen and identify independent risk factors.Results:Compared to the indicators of control group,the observation group significantly prolonged Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval and Ⅴ wave incubation period,and decreased Ⅴ wave amplitude,and the differences of them between two groups were statistical significance(t=5.038,5.642,-5.476,P<0.05).With aggravating of bleeding degree,the Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval appeared gradient prolonging,and with the grading change,the Ⅴ wave amplitude decreased progressively,and the differences were significant(F=18.326,F=7.894,P<0.001).There was not significant difference in Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval among different grading(P>0.05).The correlation analysis revealed that there was a strong negative correlation between Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval and the Gesell total score,with the strongest correlation between that and the dimension of language communication.Ⅴ wave amplitude was positively correlated with the Gesell total score,which had the highest correlation with the dimension of language communication,and all correlation coefficients reached to the biggest significant level(r=-0.632,-0.634,0.549,P<0.05).Multifactorial model confirmed that prolonging Ⅲ～Ⅴwave interval,increasing Papile grading,and reducing Ⅴ wave amplitude were independent predictors of neurodevelopmental abnormalities(OR=3.214,2.441,0.133,P<0.001).Conclusion:In the BAEP parameters,the Ⅲ～Ⅴ wave interval and Ⅴ wave amplitude can be used as sensitive indicators for functional damage of brainstem conduction in preterm infants with intracranial hemorrhage,which dynamic changes show significant correlation with long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Objective:To enhance the understanding of clinical doctors on the concurrence of Sj?gren′s syndrome (SS) and myasthenia gravis (MG), provide reference forclinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:The medical record of SS、MG patient Taian Central hospital in october 2021 was reviewed and a retrospective analysis was conducted. Based on the key words, the main databases domestic and abroad from Jan 1973 to April 2024. The cases reported in the literature were searched out and merged with our case and analyzed by SPSS 27.0. The measurement data of normal distribution were expressed by mean standard deviation ± s, and the measurement data of abnormal distribution were expressed by M( Q1, Q3). Counting data were expressed as examples and percentages (%) . Results:Twenty-one patients with SS complicated with MG were reviewed. Among them, 19(90.5%) patients were female. The average age was (47.6 ± 3.1) years, and the median time from onset to diagnosis was 24 (11, 78) months. There were 11 patients (52.4%) with myasthenia gravis as the initial presentation. The main clinical manifestations of patients with myasthenia muscle fatigue (80.9%, 17/21), gravis include fatigue ptosis (71.4%, 15/21), diplopia, blurred vision (57.1%, 12/21), dysphagia (33.3%, 7/21), joint pain (33.3%, 7/21), odysarthria, and unclear speech (23.8%, 5/21), hair loss (14.3%, 3/21), and swelling of the excocrine glands(9.5%, 2/21). Eighteen patients (85.7%, 18/21) showed positive anti acetylcholine receptor antibodies. Sixteen patients (76.2%) were positive for ANA, and 14 patients (66.8%) were positive for anti SSA or (and) anti SSB antibodies. Four patients (19.0%) also had other autoimmune diseases (Hashimoto′s thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, optic neuritis). In terms of treatment, cholinesterase inhibitors were the most common treatment measure, applied to 18 patients (85.7%), followed by glucocorticoid therapy, and applied to 14 patients (66.8%). In addition, 7 patients (33.3%) received immunosuppressive agents therapy, 5 patients (23.8%) underwent thymectomy, 2 patients (9.5%) received intravenous human immunoglobulin injection, and 1 patient (4.8%) underwent plasma exchange. All patients showed improvement after treatment.Conclusion:SS and MG are both autoimmune diseases, and their coexistence is rare. Clinicans should be aware of this rare association. Early diagnosis is crucial for the treatment and prognosis of patients,and requiresa comprehensive assessment of clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, and auto-antibody test results.

Leukemia is a critical disease with a high incidence and extremely high fatality rate.Immune escape by leukemia stem cells(LSC)is the main factor for recurrence and progression after remission.Clinical diagnosis and treatment by Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)have distinct advantages of syndrome differentiation and treatment.Based on the purpose of diagnosis and treatment,leukemia treatment by TCM emphasizes the harmony of yin and yang to restore human functions,which is conducive to improve autoimmunity and conforms to the mechanism of intervention for tumor cell immune escape.This article discusses the mechanism and research progress of TCM interventions in LSC immune escape based on literature and TCM theory.

Objective In order to discuss the rationality of clinical use of medication and the strategies of serious adverse reactions(SADR),the reports of SADRs caused by nedaplatin for injection were summarized and analyzed.Methods Methods Serious adverse reactions to all medicines reported to the National Adverse Reaction Monitoring Centre(NARMC)in Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2012 to December 2021 were collected,and a retrospective analysis of 90 patients among those cases with SADR after nedaplatin injection was carried out.Results The occurrence of SADRs was not related to the gender.In monotherapy with nedaplatin,the rate of serious adverse effects was high with the first use of nedaplatin(74.3%).The incidence of adverse reactions was highest within 30 minutes and 2-14 days,including severe allergic reaction(34.4%)and grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ myelosuppression(51.2%),respectively.Drug withdrawal and symptomatic treatment were often the preferred treatment methods in clinical practice.Conclusion While using nedaplatin as a chemotherapy regimen,especially for the first time,patients should be closely monitored for the occurrence of severe anaphylaxis within 30 minutes and severe bone marrow suppression within 2 weeks.A rescue emergency plan for resuscitation and regular checking of the hemogram should be made to prevent the occurrence of serious adverse reactions.