Objective To explore the pathogenesis and prognostic factors of liposarcoma in the head and neck region, and simultaneously analyze the efficacy of different treatment regimens. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients with primary untreated head and neck liposarcoma who were diagnosed and underwent surgical treatment at our hospital from January 2008 to January 2024. All patients were monitored during follow-up, and their prognoses were analyzed using SPSS software. Results A total of 30 patients were included in the study. Liposarcoma accounted for up to 60% of the cases in the orbit, while the remaining liposarcomas were primarily located in various interspaces of the neck. Dedifferentiated liposarcoma was the most common type, comprising 33%, while myxoid pleomorphic liposarcoma was the rarest at 4%. The tumor pathological type (P<0.001) and Ki67 (P=0.014) significantly affected the tumor control rate. However, an analysis of disease-specific survival rates revealed no significant differences across various factors (all P>0.05). Conclusion The prognosis of head and neck liposarcoma is better compared to that of liposarcomas in other parts of the body. However, myxoid pleomorphic liposarcoma, pleomorphic fat sarcoma, and high Ki67 levels are indicators of poor prognosis. Additionally, postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy does not significantly enhance disease-specific survival rates.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between long-term glycemic control and cerebral infarction risk in patients with diabetes through a large-scale cohort study. METHODS: This prospective, community-based cohort study included 12,054 patients with diabetes. From 2006 to 2012, 38,272 fasting blood glucose (FBG) measurements were obtained from these participants. FBG trajectory patterns were generated using latent mixture modelling. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to assess the subsequent risk of cerebral infarction associated with different FBG trajectory patterns. RESULTS: At baseline, the mean age of the participants was 55.2 years. Four distinct FBG trajectories were identified based on FBG concentrations and their changes over the 6-year follow-up period. After a median follow-up of 6.9 years, 786 cerebral infarction events were recorded. Different trajectory patterns were associated with significantly varied outcome risks (Log-Rank P < 0.001). Compared with the low-stability group, Hazard Ratio ( HR) adjusted for potential confounders were 1.37 for the moderate-increasing group, 1.23 for the elevated-decreasing group, and 2.08 for the elevated-stable group. CONCLUSION Sustained high FBG levels were found to play a critical role in the development of ischemic stroke among patients with diabetes. Controlling FBG levels may reduce the risk of cerebral infarction.
Humans ; Cerebral Infarction/blood* ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Blood Glucose/analysis* ; Fasting/blood* ; Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Diabetes Mellitus/blood* ; Adult ; Proportional Hazards Models

Objectives:To investigate the clinical feasibility of three-dimensional(3D)high-resolution late gadolinium enhancement(LGE)MRI in accessing left atrial myocardial fibrosis in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF). Methods:A total of 34 AF patients referred for hybrid surgical ablation were retrospectively enrolled in this study.3D-LGE-MRI images were acquired by Siemens 3.0 T machine and analyzed by ADAS post-processing software by two experienced radiologists to obtain parameters such as the area and the area percentage of LGE.Regional analysis was performed by one of the two radiologists at ten left atrial segments.The Kappa test was used to assess the agreement for scoring image quality,and the interclass correlation coefficient(ICC)was used to evaluate the interobserver agreement of LGE parameters.The parameters of left atrial morphology,area(and area percentage)of LGE,and location of LGE were compared between patients with persistent AF and paroxysmal AF. Results:Images of all 34 patients were considered to have diagnostic value.The scores of the overall image quality and the clarity of the left atrial wall evaluated by two radiologists were(2.88±0.64)points and(3.26±0.75)points(radiologist 1),(2.97±0.58)points and(3.24±0.70)points(radiologist 2),respectively.The corresponding Kappa values were 0.724 and 0.859.Both the area and the area percentage of LGE showed good consistency among observers,and the ICCs were 0.969 and 0.950,respectively.The difference in the area of LGE and the area percentage of LGE between patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation was similar(both P＞0.05).Compared with patients with paroxysmal AF,patients with persistent AF had a higher Utah stage and more severe myocardial fibrosis in the right inferior pulmonary vein antrum and the left atrial septum(all P＜0.05). Conclusions:3D high-resolution LGE-MRI provides a non-invasive way to visualize and quantify left atrial myocardial fibrosis.The extent of left atrial fibrosis in patients with persistent AF is more severe than that in patients with paroxysmal AF,with a preferential distribution in the right inferior pulmonary vein antrum and the left atrial septum.

Objective To discuss the optimized pain control with standard analgesia plus duloxetine hydrochloride for patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery,and to analyze its effect on prognostic quality of life.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 106 patients who underwent lumbar fusion surgery in our hospital from May 2019 to December 2020.Patients were randomly assigned into two groups according to analgesic methods.Control group(n=52)was given standard analgesia,while observation group(n=54)received standard analgesia plus duloxetine hydrochloride.Then the degree of postoperative pain,the use of analgesics(the time of the first additional analgesic drugs,effective pressing times within 48 hours after operation),the improvement of psychological emotions,quality of life,and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results Observation group scored(4.19±0.78),(2.84±0.61)and(1.73±0.42)on visual analogue scale(VAS)at postoperative 1 d,3 d and 7 d,which were lower than(5.24±0.80),(3.51±0.57)and(2.49±0.56)in control group(P＜0.05).Compared with control group,observation group had delayed time of the first additional analgesic drugs[(12.33±2.34)h vs(7.61±0.85)h]and less effective pressing times within 48 hours after operation[(3.78±0.92)vs(10.44±3.27)]than those of control group(P＜0.05).Observation group scored lower on Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)at postoperative 7 d[(52.44±6.71)vs(57.39±6.43)]and 14 d[(37.85±6.49)vs(42.66±5.25)],lower on Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)at postoperative 7 d[(51.16±5.43)vs(55.37±5.25)]and 14 d[(35.64±5.36)vs(40.18±5.22)],and higher on 36-item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-36)at postoperative 4w[(83.44±6.72)vs(78.63±5.11)]than those of control group,with statistical difference(all P＜0.05).The adverse reaction rate was 7.41％in observation group,which was lower than 21.15％in control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The optimized pain control with standard analgesia plus duloxetine hydrochloride for patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery can effectively can effectively improve the analgesic effect,reduce the use of opioids,alleviate negative emotions and improve quality of life with less adverse reactions,which is worth promoting.

Aim To achieve efficient loading of doxo-rubicin(doxorubicin,dox)by synthesizing fluorinated nanomaterials,and to study the mechanism of nano-medicine against multidrug resistance in tumors.Methods The physicochemical properties of nano dox(nano-doxorubicin)at different degrees of fluorination(PF4 and PF8)were evaluated through various physi-cochemical parameters,and nano dox formulations were screened out with superior fluorination.The mechanism of nano dox in overcoming multidrug resist-ance in tumors was investigated and in vitro anti-tumor activity was studied through research on cytotoxicity,cellular uptake,apoptosis,and resistance against the P-glycoprotein(P-glycoprotein,P-gp)efflux pump.Results By examining various physicochemical indi-cators,PF8 exhibited superior nano performance in loading doxorubicin compared to PF4.Cytotoxicity ex-periments demonstrated that the IC50 value of nano dox was only 1/40 of free dox,indicating excellent in vitro activity of nano dox in overcoming resistance and inhib-iting cell proliferation.Cell uptake and apoptosis stud-ies indicated that nano dox could effectively enhance the uptake of doxorubicin in MCF-7/ADR cells and successfully enter the cell nucleus,ultimately leading to apoptosis-induced anticancer activity.Studies on drug efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein indicated that nano dox could rapidly enter MCF-7/ADR cells through an efficient cellular uptake pathway,effective-ly bypassing the P-glycoprotein efflux pump.This dual action resulted in increased drug uptake within resistant cells and a reduction in efflux,demonstrating the po-tential of nano doxorubicin to overcome drug resist-ance.Conclusions The design of fluorinated nano dox effectively circumvents the efflux of drug molecules by P-glycoprotein,enhancing drug uptake within re-sistant tumor cells and reducing efflux.This results in an effective strategy in combating multidrug resistance in tumors.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective To investigate the effects of lumbar epidural block of renal sympathetic nerve on cardiac function and serum inflammatory factors in rats with myocardial infarction.Methods Thirty healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into asham operation group,myocardial infarction group and sympathetic nerve block group according to the random number table method,with 10 rats in each group.Lumbar epidural catheterization was applied in all rats in the 3 groups.After catheter insertion,myocardial infarction was induced by ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery of rats in the myocardial infarction group and the sympathetic nerve block group,while the left anterior descending branch of rats in the sham operation group was not ligated.After myocardial infarction,the rats in the sympathetic nerve block group were injected with 50 μL of ropivacaine(volume fraction:0.2％)via a lumbar epidural catheteronce every 24 hours,and the injection lasted until 14 days after surgery.In the myocardial infarction group,50 μL of 9 g·L-1sodium chloride was injected into the rats through a lumbar epidural catheteronce every 24 hours,and the injection lasted until 14 days after surgery.Rats in the sham group did not receive the injection of any drugs.At 14 days after operation,echocardiography was performed on rats in the 3 groups to measure ejection fraction(EF),left ventricular short-axis shortening rate(FS)and cardiac output(CO).A total of 1 mL of cervical venous blood was extracted from each rat in the 3 groups at 24 h after surgery,and 5 mL of abdominal aortic blood was extracted from rats in the 3 groups at 14 days after surgery.Serum levels of norepinephrine(NE),cardiac troponin I(cTnl),interleukin-18(IL-18),interleukin-1β(IL-1 β)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.At 14 days after surgery,the rats in the 3 groups were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 100 g·L-1 chloral hydrate(300 mg·kg-1),and the thoracic cavity of the rats was opened to remove the heart.The myocardial infarction area of the rats was detected by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining,and the proportion of the myocardial infarction area was calculated.Results On the 14th day after surgery,EF,FS and CO of rats in the myocardial infarction group and sympathetic nerve block group were significantly lower than those in the sham operation group,while EF,FS and CO of rats in the sympathetic nerve block group were significantly higher than those in the myocardial infarction group(P＜0.05).The serum cTnI level of rats in the myocardial infarction group and sympathetic nerve block group was significantly higher than that in the sham operation group(t=68.260,15.110;P＜0.05),and the serum cTnI level of rats in the myocardial infarction group was significantly higher than that in the sympathetic nerve block group(t=27.920,P＜0.05).The proportion of the myocardial infarction area of rats in the sympathetic nerve block group was significantly lower than that in the myocardial infarction group(t=14.182,P＜0.001).There was no significant difference in the serum NE,IL-18,IL-1 β and TNF-α levels of rats between 24 hours and 14 days after surgery in the sham operation group(P＞0.05).The serum NE,IL-1 β and TNF-αlevels of rats at 14 days after surgery were significantly higher than those at 24 hours after surgery,and the IL-18 level of rats was significantly lower than that at 24 hours after surgery in the myocardial infarction group(P＜0.05).The serum NE,IL-18 and TNF-α levels of rats at 14 days after surgery were significantly lower than those at 24 hours after surgery,and the IL-1 βlevel of rats was significantly higher than that at 24 hours after surgery in the sympathetic nerve block group(P＜0.05).At 24 hours and 14 days after surgery,the serum NE,IL-18,1L-1 β and TNF-α levels of rats in the myocardial infarction group and sympathetic nerve block group were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group,while the serum NE,IL-18,IL-1 β and TNF-α levels of rats in the sympathetic nerve block group were significantly lower than those in the myocardial infarction group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Lumbar epidural block of renal sympathetic nerve in rats can significantly reduce the levels of serum inflammatory factors and NE,and improve cardiac function.

Objective To construct the machine learning models based on the radiomic features of non-contrast and enhanced CT and to evaluate the predictive value in the risk stratification of gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST).Methods A total of 182 patients with pathologically confirmed GIST were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set at a ratio of 7∶3.The volume of interest(VOI)was outlined in the non-contrast phase,arterial phase and venous phase,and its radiomic features were extracted.The most valuable radiomic features were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)algorithm.The logistic regression(LR)classifier was used to construct the prediction models based on single-phase or multi-phase images.The predictive efficacy of the different models was compared by using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results Four,three,and four radiomic features were selected in the non-contrast phase,arterial phase and venous phase,and 4 models were constructed in total.Among the single-phase models,the venous phase had better predictive efficacy,with the area under the curve(AUC)of 0.932[95％confidence interval(CI)0.873-0.969]and 0.924(95％CI 0.819-0.979)in the training and validation sets.The predictive efficacy of the combined model was improved,with the AUC of 0.946(95％CI 0.891-0.978)and 0.938(95％CI 0.838-0.986).Conclusion The venous phase model can predict the risk stratification of GIST accurately,and the prediction efficacy can be improved by combining the non-contrast and arterial phases.

In the process of exploring standardized and efficient ethical review models for multi-center drug clinical trials, the ethical review alliance emerged as the times require. Compared with mature ethics committees, higher requirements have been put forward for the "young" ethics committees. By analyzing problems existing in review work of "young" ethics committees in the ethics review alliance, this paper discussed the measures to improve the review quality of "young" ethics committees and promote the standardized and efficient operation of the alliance, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for improving the homogenization of ethics review and accelerating the clinical research process of innovative drugs.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,there have been many novel tympanic membrane repair materials,including patches and 3D-printed scaffolds.However,the tympanic membrane repaired by these materials is different from the natural tympanic membrane in terms of thickness and internal structure. OBJECTIVE:To explore the efficacy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-loaded high-porosity polycaprolactone/collagen nanofiber membrane scaffolds in repairing chronic tympanic membrane perforation. METHODS:Polycaprolactone,polycaprolactone-collagen,and high-porosity polycaprolactone-collagen nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning technology,and the surface morphology,porosity and cell compatibility of the scaffolds were characterized.The tympanic membrane perforation model of 50 male SD rats was established by puncturing the posterior lower part of both eardrums with a sterile 23-measure needle combined with mitomycin C and hydrocortisone.After 12 weeks of modeling,the rats were divided into five groups by the random number table method.The blank control group did not receive any treatment.In the other four groups,polycaprolactone nanofiber membrane(polycaprolactone group),polycaprolactone-collagen nanofiber membrane(polycaprolactone-collagen group),high-porosity polycaprolactone-collagen nanofiber membrane(high-porosity polycaprolactone-collagen group)and high-porosity polycaprolactone-collagen nanofiber membrane containing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(high-porosity polycaprolactone-collagen group)were implanted at the perforation of the tympanic membrane,respectively.Each group consisted of 10 animals.The healing of the tympanic membrane was examined by otoendoscopy after 1,2,3 and 4 weeks of stent implantation.Hematoxylin-eosin staining,Masson staining,and Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining were performed on the tympanic membrane after 4 weeks of implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Scaffold characterization:Scanning electron microscopy showed that compared with other nanofiber membranes,the high-porosity polycaprolactone-collagen nanofiber membranes had more orderly nanofiber structure,larger surface pore size,and higher porosity(P<0.001).Live/dead staining showed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells adhered well on the three scaffolds,and the number of living cells on the high-porosity polycaprolactone-collagen nanofiber membrane was more than that on the other two scaffolds.Almarin staining showed that the proliferation rate of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the high-porosity polycaprolactone-collagen nanofiber membrane was higher than that of the other two fiber membranes.(2)Animal experiments:Except for the blank control group,the tympanic membrane of the other four groups healed gradually with the extension of the time of fibrous membrane implantation,among which the healing speed of the cell-loaded high-porosity polycaprolactone-collagen group was the fastest.Hematoxylin-eosin staining,Masson staining,and Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining showed that the tympanic membrane of rats in the cell-carrying high-porosity polycaprolactone-collagen group was moderate in thickness and a three-layer structure with uniform collagen fiber layers,similar to the normal tympanic membrane,and the repair quality of tympanic membrane was better than that of other fiber membrane groups.(3)The results showed that the high-porosity polycaprolactone-collagen nanofiber membrane containing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could not only rapidly repair the perforation of the tympanic membrane,but also the newly healed tympanic membrane was similar to normal tympanic membrane in structure and thickness.