After continuous development and improvement, lung transplantation has become the preferred means to treat a variety of benign end-stage lung diseases. However, the field of lung transplantation still faces many challenges, including shortage of donor resources, preservation and maintenance of donor lungs, and postoperative complications. Lung tissue samples removed after lung transplantation are excellent clinical resources for the study of benign end-stage lung disease and perioperative complications of lung transplantation. However, at present, the collection, storage and utilization of tissue samples after lung transplantation are limited to a single study, and unified technical specifications have not been formed. Based on the construction plan of the biobank for lung transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, this study reviewed the practical experience in the collection, storage and utilization of lung transplant tissue samples in the aspects of ethical review, staffing, collection process, storage method, quality control and efficient utilization, in order to provide references for lung transplant related research.

To elucidate the mechanism by which steaming affects the quality of Curcuma kwangsiensis root tubers, methods such as LSCM, RVA, dual-wavelength spectrophotometry, LF-NMR, and LC-MS were employed to qualitatively and quantitatively detect changes in starch gelatinization characteristics, water distribution, and material composition of C. kwangsiensis root tubers under different steaming durations. Based on multivariate statistical analysis, the correlation between differences in gelatinization parameters, water distribution, and terpenoid material composition was investigated. The results indicate that steaming affects both starch gelatinization and water distribution in C. kwangsiensis. During the steaming process, transformations occur between amylose and amylopectin, as well as between semi-bound water and free water. After 60 min of steaming, starch gelatinization and water distribution reached an equilibrium state. The content of amylopectin, the amylose-to-amylopectin ratio, and parameters such as gelatinization temperature, viscosity, breakdown value, and setback value were significantly correlated(P≤0.05). Additionally, the amylose-to-amylopectin ratio was significantly correlated with total free water and total water content(P≤0.05). Steaming induced differences in the material composition of C. kwangsiensis root tubers. Clustering of primary metabolites in the OPLS-DA model was distinct, while secondary metabolites were classified into 9 clusters using the K-means clustering algorithm. Differential terpenoid metabolites such as(-)-α-curcumene were significantly correlated with zerumbone, retinal, and all-trans-retinoic acid(P<0.05). Curcumenol was significantly correlated with isoalantolactone and ursolic acid(P<0.05), while all-trans-retinoic acid was significantly correlated with both zerumbone and retinal(P<0.05). Alpha-tocotrienol exhibited a significant correlation with retinal and all-trans-retinoic acid(P<0.05). Amylose was extremely significantly correlated with(-)-α-curcumene, curcumenol, zerumbone, retinal, all-trans-retinoic acid, and α-tocotrienol(P<0.05). Amylopectin was significantly correlated with zerumbone(P<0.05) and extremely significantly correlated with(-)-α-curcumene, curcumenol, zerumbone, retinal, all-trans-retinoic acid, and 9-cis-retinoic acid(P<0.01). The results provide scientific evidence for elucidating the mechanism of quality formation of steamed C. kwangsiensis root tubers as a medicinal material.
Curcuma/chemistry* ; Starch/chemistry* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Water/chemistry* ; Terpenes/analysis* ; Plant Roots/chemistry* ; Plant Tubers/chemistry* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry*

In clinical practice, antibiotics have historically been utilized for the treatment of pathogenic bacteria. However, the gradual emergence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial strains has posed a significant challenge to this approach. In 2022, Escherichia coli, a Gram-negative bacterium renowned for its widespread pathogenicity and high virulence, emerged as the predominant pathogenic bacterium in China. The rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains has rendered antibiotics insufficient to fight E. coli infections. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has made remarkable contributions to the health of Chinese people for thousands of years, and its significant therapeutic effects have been proven in clinical practice. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the advances and mechanisms of TCM and its active ingredients against antibiotic-resistant E. coli infections. First of all, this review introduces the classification, antibiotic resistance characteristics and mechanisms of E. coli. Then, the TCM formulas and extracts are listed along with their active ingredients against E. coli, including extraction solution, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and the antibacterial mechanisms. In addition, there is growing evidence supporting the synergistic therapeutic strategy of combining TCM with antibiotics for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant E. coli infections, and we provide a summary of this evidence and its underlying mechanisms. In conclusion, we present a comprehensive review of TCM and highlight its potential and advantages in the prevention and treatment of E. coli infections. We hold the opinion that TCM will play an important role in global health, pharmaceutical development, and livestock farming in the future.

Data analysis models may assist the transmission of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） experience and clinical diagnosis and treatment， and the possibility of constructing a “data-knowledge” dual-drive model was explored by taking gastric precancerous state as an example. Data-driven is to make clinical decisions around data analysis， and its syndrome-differentiation decision-making research relies on hidden structural models and partially observable Markov decision-making processes to identify the etiology of diseases， syndrome elements， evolution of pathogenesis， and syndrome differentiation protocols； knowledge-driven is to make use of data and information to promote decision-making and action processes， and its syndrome-differentiation decision-making research relies on convolutional neural networks to improve the accuracy of local disease identification and syndrome differentiation. The “data-knowledge” dual-driven model can make up for the shortcomings of single-drive numerical simulation accuracy， and achieve a balance between local disease identification and macroscopic syndrome differentiation. On the basis of previous research， we explored the construction method of diagnostic assisted decision-making platform for gastric precancerous state， and believed that the diagnostic and decision-making ability of doctors can be extended through the assistance of machines and algorithms. Meanwhile， the related research methods were integrated and the core features of gastric precancerous state based on TCM syndrome differentiation and endoscopic pathology diagnosis and prediction were obtained， and the elements of endoscopic pathology recognition based on TCM syndrome differentiation were explored， so as to provide ideas for the in-depth research and innovative application of cutting-edge data analysis technology in the field of intelligent TCM syndrome differentiation.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

YY 0585.4-2009 and ISO 8536-12:2021 standards were compared in terms of the blocking performance test method of disposable check valves for infusion equipment.The affecting factors and possible errors were analyzed when the blocking performance test was carried out according to YY 0585.4-2009,and it's pointed out ISO 8536-12:2021 gained advantages over YY 0585.4-2009 in the blocking performance test method of check valves.References and guidance were provided for standard revision and actual operation.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(9):78-83]

Sit-to-stand is an indispensable functional activity in human daily life, which requires high muscle strength, not only to control the lower limbs, but also to ensure the stable ascension of the trunk. This paper describes in detail the trajectory and speed of the joints through the human sit-to-stand test, analyzes the change rule of the angle of the joints, the angular velocity and the position of the center of mass in the human sit-to-stand, and records in detail the change of the plantar pressure of the subjects in this process. Through the study on joint motion and plantar pressure changes in the process of sit-to-stand, this paper summarizes the kinematics of human body in this process, aiming to provide a basis through the results of this paper for the design of human sit-to-stand assistive devices, which may be used in the future to analyze the sit-to-stand state of patients with lower limb disorders, and carry out the corresponding treatment and rehabilitation training.
Humans ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Foot/physiology* ; Pressure ; Standing Position ; Adult ; Posture/physiology* ; Movement/physiology* ; Sitting Position

Objective:To evaluate the role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine threonine protein kinase (Akt)/mammalian rapamycin target protein (mTOR) signaling pathway in edaravone-induced reduction of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged rats.Methods:Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 20 months, weighing 600-700 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=15 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), operation group (group O), edaravone group (group E) and PI3K inhibitor LY294002 group (group LY). The rats received laparotomy under 3% sevoflurane anesthesia in O, E and LY groups. Edaravone 3 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min before operation in E and LY groups, and LY294002 0.3 mg/kg was simultaneously injected via the tail vein in group LY. Open field test was performed at 3 days after surgery to evaluate the spontaneous activity of rats, then Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate the cognitive function of rats. The rats were sacrificed after the end of behavioral experiment to isolate hippocampal tissues for determination of the expression of phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), synaptophysin (SYP) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD 95) (by Western blot ) and dendrite length in hippocampal CA1 area (using Golgi staining). The density of dendrites was calculated. Results:There were no statistically significant differences in exercise speed, distance, and time of staying at the center between the four groups ( P>0.05). Compared with group C, the escape latency was significantly prolonged, the number of crossing the original platform was reduced, the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR, SYP and PSD-95 was down-regulated, the dendritic length of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region was shortened, and the density of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region was decreased in group O ( P<0.05). Compared with group O, the escape latency was significantly shortened, the number of crossing the original platform was increased, the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR, SYP and PSD-95 was up-regulated, the dendritic length of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region was prolonged, and the density of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region was increased in group E ( P<0.05). Compared with group E, the escape latency was significantly prolonged, the number of crossing the original platform was reduced, the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR, SYP and PSD-95 was down-regulated, and the dendritic length of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region was shortened, and the density of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region was decreased in group LY ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The mechanism by which edaravone reduces postoperative cognitive dysfunction is related to activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and improving synaptic plasticity in aged rats.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of edaravone on the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway in the hippocampus of aged rats with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).Methods:Sixty SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 20 months, weighing 650-700 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=15 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), POCD group (group P), edaravone group (group E) and ERK inhibitor group (group I). The rats received laparotomy under 3% sevoflurane anesthesia to prepare POCD model in P, E and I groups. Edaravone 3 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min before operation in E and I groups, ERK inhibitor PD98059 0.3 mg/kg was injected via the tail vein in group I. The open field test was performed at 3 days after operation to evaluate the spontaneous activity of rats, then Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate the cognitive function of rats on 3-7 days after operation. The rats were sacrificed after the end of Morris water maze test, and hippocampal tissues were obtained for determination of the expression of phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK), phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB), synaptophysin and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) (by Western blot) and dendrite length and density of dendrites in hippocampal CA1 area (using Golgi staining). Results:Compared with group C, the escape latency was significantly prolonged after operation, the number of crossing the original platform was reduced, the expression of p-ERK, p-CREB, synaptophysin and PSD-95 was down-regulated, and the dendritic length and density of hippocampal neurons were reduced in group P ( P<0.05). Compared with group P, the escape latency was significantly shortened, the number of crossing the original platform was increased, the expression of p-ERK, p-CREB, synaptophysin and PSD-95 was up-regulated, and the dendritic length and density of hippocampal neurons were increased in group E ( P<0.05). Compared with group E, the escape latency was significantly prolonged, the number of crossing the original platform was reduced, the expression of p-ERK, p-CREB, synaptophysin and PSD-95 was down-regulated, the dendritic length of hippocampal neurons was shortened, and the density of hippocampal neurons was decreased in group I( P<0.05). Conclusions:The mechanism by which edaravone improves POCD may be related to activating ERK/CREB signaling pathway and changing synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 region in aged rats.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility of blue velvet arena test (BVAT) in evaluating spatial memory function in patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID).Methods:From June 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022, 62 CID outpatients or inpatients were enrolled continuously in the Department of Sleep Disorders, the Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and 56 good sleepers in the same period were enrolled to serve as controls. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess their sleep quality. Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), nine box maze test (NBMT), and BVAT were used to assess general cognition and memories.Results:Compared to the controls, the CID patients had increased PSQI score [15.0 (12.8, 16.0) vs 0 (0, 1.0); Z=-9.47, P<0.001], and decreased MoCA score [24.5 (21.5, 27.0) vs 27.0 (26.0, 28.0); Z=-4.18, P<0.001]; increased numbers of errors in the spatial working [1.0 (0.8, 2.0) vs 1.0 (0, 1.0); Z=-2.24, P<0.05], object working [1.5 (0.8, 3.0) vs 0 (0, 1.0); Z=-4.36, P<0.001] and object recognition [0 (0, 0) vs 0 (0, 0); Z=-2.10, P<0.05] memories in NBMT; and increased average erroring distance in BVAT [23.0 (16.4, 27.2) cm vs 18.7 (16.6, 20.7) cm; Z=-3.30, P<0.01]. Partial correlation analysis showed that in the CID patients, the average erroring distance in BVAT was positively correlated with erroneous numbers in spatial working memory in NBMT ( r=0.54, P<0.001). Principal components analysis showed that the average erroring distance of BVAT (load=0.844) and the errors of spatial working memory in NBMT (load=0.801) were jointly attributed to the first factor. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the sensitivity of BVAT was higher than that of NBMT (0.575 vs 0.250, P<0.05) for spatial memory detection in total sample. Conclusion:The BVAT has a higher reliability in the functional assessment of spatial memory in CID patients.