BACKGROUND:In recent years,a number of studies have confirmed that gut microbiome regulates bone metabolism through multiple pathways,and this field has become a research hotspot in orthopedics and microbiology.However,there is still no literature metrology and visual analysis on this field.OBJECTIVE:To explore the research status,hot spots and development trends in the field of gut microbiome regulation of bone metabolism,and to provide certain data support and reference for subsequent studies.METHODS:The Web of Science core collection database was used as the retrieval platform to retrieve the related literature in the field of intestinal flora regulating bone metabolism from 2004 to 2024.Citespace software was used to visually analyze the included literature and generate a visual atlas.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 1,035 papers were included in this study.In the past 20 years,the number of publications in the field of gut microbiome regulation of bone metabolism has shown a significant growth trend,with the United States and China dominating research and publication activities in this field.Harvard University and the University of California system are the research institutions with the highest number of published papers and research centrality in this area,and Professor Pacifici R of Emory University is the most prolific author.(2)Inflammatory bowel disease,chain fatty acids,bone marrow are the core keywords in this field.Postmenopausal osteoporosis,rheumatoid arthritis,oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction are the latest research frontiers in this field.(3)Among the top 10 cited papers,4 discussed the mechanism of short-chain fatty acids affecting bone metabolism;3 investigated the pathogenesis and therapeutic potential of intestinal flora in postmenopausal osteoporosis,glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis,and senile osteoporosis;1 discussed the relationship between intestinal inflammation,intestinal flora,parathyroid hormone,and bone metabolism;and 1 examined the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and T cells on the gut microbiome and bone metabolism.(4)NUTRIENTS has the most papers,while ENDOCRINOLOGY& METABOLISM has the most citations.(5)Based on literature co-citation analysis and keywords,further exploration is needed on the specific pathogenesis and treatment strategies of gut microbiome in postmenopausal osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis,revealing the molecular mechanism of regulating gut microbiota to inhibit oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial dysfunction affecting bone metabolism,and translating mechanism research into clinical application,which all constitute the future research directions and trends in this field.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,with the deepening of macrophage research,researchers have found that the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions of macrophage polarization play a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of osteoarticular diseases.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the current status,hotspots,and development trends of macrophage polarization in osteoarticular diseases in order to provide reference for the subsequent scientific research work.METHODS:Using TS=("polarization of macrophages or macrophage polarization or macrophages polarization")AND TS=("arthritis or osteoarthritis or osteoporosis or degeneration intervertebral disc or necrosis of femoral head or rheumatoid arthritis")as the search formula,relevant literature addressing macrophage polarization in osteoarticular diseases were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection SCI-Expanded from January 01,2014 to June 01,2024.Citespace 6.3.R1 software was used for visual analysis of the publishing countries/regions,institutions,authors,journals,citation reference,and keywords,and then knowledge maps were drawn.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 420 papers were included after analysis and retrieval.The overall trend of publication volume is rising.The country with the highest volume and degree centrality is China.The institution with the most publications is Shanghai Jiao Tong University.The author with the most publications is Cai Daozhang.The journal with the most publications is International Immunopharmocology.(2)By integrating the frequency and centrality of keywords and excluding keywords directly related to the topic,it is known that the core keywords in this field are apoptosis,cartilage,differentiation,gene expression,and cytokines.(3)In the co-citation analysis of papers,among the top 10 cited documents,7 papers discuss the pathogenesis or therapeutic potential of macrophages in diseases,2 papers focus on the development of drugs or materials targeting macrophage polarization,and 1 paper reviews the current status of arthritis research.(4)Combining the co-citation analysis of papers and keywords,the current research hotspots focus on synergistic effect,the occurrence and regulatory mechanisms of polarization,the mechanism of transcriptomics,and the impact on related diseases and targeted tissues.As well,developing biomaterials with the function of regulating macrophage polarization and regulating the phenotype of macrophage polarization through drug targeting delivery systems may become the future research trends.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,a number of studies have confirmed that gut microbiome regulates bone metabolism through multiple pathways,and this field has become a research hotspot in orthopedics and microbiology.However,there is still no literature metrology and visual analysis on this field.OBJECTIVE:To explore the research status,hot spots and development trends in the field of gut microbiome regulation of bone metabolism,and to provide certain data support and reference for subsequent studies.METHODS:The Web of Science core collection database was used as the retrieval platform to retrieve the related literature in the field of intestinal flora regulating bone metabolism from 2004 to 2024.Citespace software was used to visually analyze the included literature and generate a visual atlas.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 1,035 papers were included in this study.In the past 20 years,the number of publications in the field of gut microbiome regulation of bone metabolism has shown a significant growth trend,with the United States and China dominating research and publication activities in this field.Harvard University and the University of California system are the research institutions with the highest number of published papers and research centrality in this area,and Professor Pacifici R of Emory University is the most prolific author.(2)Inflammatory bowel disease,chain fatty acids,bone marrow are the core keywords in this field.Postmenopausal osteoporosis,rheumatoid arthritis,oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction are the latest research frontiers in this field.(3)Among the top 10 cited papers,4 discussed the mechanism of short-chain fatty acids affecting bone metabolism;3 investigated the pathogenesis and therapeutic potential of intestinal flora in postmenopausal osteoporosis,glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis,and senile osteoporosis;1 discussed the relationship between intestinal inflammation,intestinal flora,parathyroid hormone,and bone metabolism;and 1 examined the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and T cells on the gut microbiome and bone metabolism.(4)NUTRIENTS has the most papers,while ENDOCRINOLOGY& METABOLISM has the most citations.(5)Based on literature co-citation analysis and keywords,further exploration is needed on the specific pathogenesis and treatment strategies of gut microbiome in postmenopausal osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis,revealing the molecular mechanism of regulating gut microbiota to inhibit oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial dysfunction affecting bone metabolism,and translating mechanism research into clinical application,which all constitute the future research directions and trends in this field.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,with the deepening of macrophage research,researchers have found that the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions of macrophage polarization play a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of osteoarticular diseases.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the current status,hotspots,and development trends of macrophage polarization in osteoarticular diseases in order to provide reference for the subsequent scientific research work.METHODS:Using TS=("polarization of macrophages or macrophage polarization or macrophages polarization")AND TS=("arthritis or osteoarthritis or osteoporosis or degeneration intervertebral disc or necrosis of femoral head or rheumatoid arthritis")as the search formula,relevant literature addressing macrophage polarization in osteoarticular diseases were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection SCI-Expanded from January 01,2014 to June 01,2024.Citespace 6.3.R1 software was used for visual analysis of the publishing countries/regions,institutions,authors,journals,citation reference,and keywords,and then knowledge maps were drawn.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 420 papers were included after analysis and retrieval.The overall trend of publication volume is rising.The country with the highest volume and degree centrality is China.The institution with the most publications is Shanghai Jiao Tong University.The author with the most publications is Cai Daozhang.The journal with the most publications is International Immunopharmocology.(2)By integrating the frequency and centrality of keywords and excluding keywords directly related to the topic,it is known that the core keywords in this field are apoptosis,cartilage,differentiation,gene expression,and cytokines.(3)In the co-citation analysis of papers,among the top 10 cited documents,7 papers discuss the pathogenesis or therapeutic potential of macrophages in diseases,2 papers focus on the development of drugs or materials targeting macrophage polarization,and 1 paper reviews the current status of arthritis research.(4)Combining the co-citation analysis of papers and keywords,the current research hotspots focus on synergistic effect,the occurrence and regulatory mechanisms of polarization,the mechanism of transcriptomics,and the impact on related diseases and targeted tissues.As well,developing biomaterials with the function of regulating macrophage polarization and regulating the phenotype of macrophage polarization through drug targeting delivery systems may become the future research trends.