Objective:To investigate application of the teaching method of problem-based learning(PBL)combined with neuronavigation technique in neurosurgical teaching,so as to improve further the teaching quality.Methods:The teaching method of PBL combined with neuronavigation technique adopted the same PBL teaching approach with conventional teaching method,and the neuronavigation technique was applied to reconstruct three dimensional(3D)graphics for patients'imaging documents.The neuronavigation technique was used to display intraoperative operation process for students,and guide their operation in surgery,and conduct teaching for them.A total of 30 medical students who conducted internship at department of neurosurgery of Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University during January and December 2023 were selected.A random-number table method was adopted to divide them into conventional PBL teaching method group(n=15)and PBL combined with neuronavigation technique teaching method group(n=15).The students'assessment results between two teaching methods were compared when they completed internship.A self-made survey questionnaire was adopted to investigate students'satisfaction for two kinds of teaching methods.Results:The assessment results of theory,technical ability and imaging of PBL combined with neuronavigation technique teaching method group were respectively(90.27±2.66),(90.73±2.71)and(90.13±2.77),all of which were higher than those of conventional PBL teaching method,and the differences were significant(t=13.82,7.95,13.93,P<0.05).The satisfactions about case,teacher performance,auxiliary teaching tools,learning initiative,learning efficiency,the mastery of theoretical,anatomical and imaging knowledge,the mastery of operational skills,and communication and interaction in PBL combined with neuronavigation technique teaching method group were all higher than those of conventional PBL teaching method,and the differences were significant(t=10.96,5.98,6.51,4.64,3.83,4.80,6.95,7.54,9.47,5.93,P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of the teaching method that PBL combined with neuronavigation technique in the teaching of neurosurgery for medical students can improve the teaching quality of neurosurgery,and enhance the satisfaction of students for teaching method.

Objective:To investigate application of the teaching method of problem-based learning(PBL)combined with neuronavigation technique in neurosurgical teaching,so as to improve further the teaching quality.Methods:The teaching method of PBL combined with neuronavigation technique adopted the same PBL teaching approach with conventional teaching method,and the neuronavigation technique was applied to reconstruct three dimensional(3D)graphics for patients'imaging documents.The neuronavigation technique was used to display intraoperative operation process for students,and guide their operation in surgery,and conduct teaching for them.A total of 30 medical students who conducted internship at department of neurosurgery of Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University during January and December 2023 were selected.A random-number table method was adopted to divide them into conventional PBL teaching method group(n=15)and PBL combined with neuronavigation technique teaching method group(n=15).The students'assessment results between two teaching methods were compared when they completed internship.A self-made survey questionnaire was adopted to investigate students'satisfaction for two kinds of teaching methods.Results:The assessment results of theory,technical ability and imaging of PBL combined with neuronavigation technique teaching method group were respectively(90.27±2.66),(90.73±2.71)and(90.13±2.77),all of which were higher than those of conventional PBL teaching method,and the differences were significant(t=13.82,7.95,13.93,P<0.05).The satisfactions about case,teacher performance,auxiliary teaching tools,learning initiative,learning efficiency,the mastery of theoretical,anatomical and imaging knowledge,the mastery of operational skills,and communication and interaction in PBL combined with neuronavigation technique teaching method group were all higher than those of conventional PBL teaching method,and the differences were significant(t=10.96,5.98,6.51,4.64,3.83,4.80,6.95,7.54,9.47,5.93,P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of the teaching method that PBL combined with neuronavigation technique in the teaching of neurosurgery for medical students can improve the teaching quality of neurosurgery,and enhance the satisfaction of students for teaching method.

Objective To explore the role of the exemplary demonstration course"Basic Neurosurgery Operations and Surgical Approaches"in improving the teaching quality of standardized training of neurosurgery.Methods A total of 42 graduate students who participated in the course from September 2021 to December 2023 were selected,matched 1:1 with their counterparts who did not participate in the course.All trainees were required to complete a same ques-tionnaire survey.The basic data,questionnaire scores of the two groups were compared,and statistical descriptions of the satisfaction and course evaluation of the participating students were performed.Statistical tests including t-test,Mann-Whitney test,Dunn's multiple comparison tests and Chi-square test were applied using Graphpad Prism 10.0.Results There were no significant differences in educational background and age distribution between the two groups indicating comparability.The questionnaire scores of the students who participated in the course[7.0(6.0-9.0)points]were significantly higher than those of the students who did not participate in the course[3.5(2.0-5.0)points](P＜0.000 1).This score advantage applied to students who participated in the course in the school year from 2021 to 2023,and there was no statistical difference in questionnaire scores among students who participated in the course across the three years.Additionally,88.1%of the students who participated in the course expressed a high sat-isfaction and 90.5%of them considered the course was very practical for training of clinical skills.Conclusions The exemplary demonstration course"Basic Neurosurgery Operations and Surgical Approaches"may improve learning out-comes of surgical approaches and support the clinical training of neurosurgery graduates.

Objective Experimental animal facilities account for a significant proportion of the energy consumption by scientific research institutions;however,the energy consumption characteristics of these facilities differ from those of ordinary buildings,and thus require specialized monitoring and management.Methods A set of energy consumption monitoring systems was designed for experimental animal facilities and deployed in the specific pathogen-free-level experimental animal facility of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.Results The system achieved real-time collection and recording of the facility's electricity consumption data,and proposed energy-saving measures for three application scenarios.Conclusions This energy consumption monitoring system designed for experimental animal facilities is reliable,efficient,and user-friendly,and has the potential to guide and promote energy management programs at experimental animal facilities.

Objective To detect the expressions of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) of peripheral whole blood in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and investigate the potential roles of the miRNAs as diagnostic bi omarkers for Alzheimer's disease.Methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 110 AD patients and 150 age-and gender-matched normal controls.The concentrations of seven candidate miRNAs,including miR-9,miR-29a,miR-29b,miR-101,miR-181c,miR-137and miR-126,were measured with a real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method.The data of two groups were collected and analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software.Results It was found that miR-29a (P=1.12×10-5) and miR-101 (P=6.24× 10-7) were markedly down-regulated in peripheral blood of AD patients compared with normal controls.In addition,logistic regression analysis revealed peripheral whole blood miR-29a/101 combination could be a potential biomarker of AD with better specificity (82％) and sensitivity (75％).Conclusions miR-29a/101 combination in peripheral whole blood may serve as a useful noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for AD.