OBJECTIVE To prepare the β -cyclodextrin （ β -CD） inclusion complex with volatile oil from Qianghuo qushi qingwen granules， and to characterize and quantitatively analyze the inclusion complex. METHODS The comprehensive scores calculated by inclusion rate and inclusion compound yield were used as indicators for screening the inclusion method. The single-factor experiments and Box-Behnken response surface experiments were used to op timize the inclusion conditions， with the above comprehensive score as response value， and taking the ratio of β -CD to volatile oil， inclusion temperature and inclusion time as indexes. The volatile oil inclusion complex of Qianghuo qushi qingwen granules was prepared according to the determined optimal process， followed by validation. Ultraviolet （UV）-visible spectroscopy， thin-layer chromatography （TLC）， and microscopic imaging were also performed. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the contents of perillaldehyde， pogostone and atractylodin. RESULTS The saturation aqueous solution method was adopted. The optimal inclusion process conditions were as follows： the ratio of β -CD to volatile oil was 7.5∶1， the inclusion temperature was 40 ℃， and the inclusion time was 2.2 h. In three verification experiments， the average inclusion rate was 72.32%， the average yield of inclusion compound was 74.45%， the average comprehensive score was 72.96 points， and the relative error with the predicted value （74.15 points） of the model was 1.61%. UV-visible spectroscopy， TLC and microscopic imaging showed that β -CD and volatile oil successfully formed a new inclusion complex. The average contents of perillaldehyde， pogostone and atractylodin were 4.498 2， 0.814 9， 0.905 7 mg/g， respectively， with RSDs of 0.31%， 0.56% and 0.63% （ n ＝3）. CONCLUSIONS A stable and feasible preparation process of the volatile oil inclusion complex of Qianghuo qushi qingwen granules is successfully established.

OBJECTIVE To study the extraction process of Hongqijin granules with the standard decoction of Hongqijin formula as the reference. METHODS Fifteen batches of Hongqijin formula standard decoction were prepared. The reference characteristic chromatogram was established， and the chromatographic similarity was calculated. The average extraction yield and average transfer rates of calycosin-7-glucoside， salidroside， curcumin， and emodin of the 15 batches of standard decoction were determined. Taking soaking time， water addition amount， and decoction time as influencing factors， and extraction yield， transfer rates of marker components， as well as chromatographic similarity with the reference characteristic chromatogram as evaluation indexes， orthogonal test combined with principal component analysis was adopted to optimize the extraction process of Hongqijin granules， followed by process verification. RESULTS The average extraction yield of 15 batches of Hongqijin formula standard decoction was 32.55%. The average transfer rates of calycosin-7-glucoside， salidroside， curcumin， and emodin were 70.68%， 74.35%， 2.16%， and 4.62%， respectively. The optimal extraction process of Hongqijin granules was confirmed as follows： extraction was carried out twice； the first extraction used 8-fold water for 60 min， and the second extraction adopted 6.5-fold water for 45 min. In three validation tests， the average extraction yield was 33.01%. The average transfer rates of the four marker components were 79.51%， 75.54%， 1.84%， and 4.30%， with all RSD values less than 2%. The chromatographic similarities between the extracting solution and reference characteristic chromatogram were all higher than 0.990. CONCLUSIONS The optimized extraction process of Hongqijin granules exhibits good stability， and the material basis of the extracting solution is consistent with that of Hongqijin formula standard decoction.

ObjectiveBased on the theory of "gut-prostate" axis， this study explored the effects and mechanisms of Zishen Tongguan formula and Cinnamomi Cortex in the formula in treating rats with chronic non-bacterial prostatitis（CNP） by detecting the levels of inflammatory factors， and the composition and structure of intestinal flora in CNP rats. MethodsEight out of 42 SD rats were randomly selected as the normal group， and the remaining rats were injected with carrageenan to prepare the CNP model. After successful modeling， 32 rats were randomly divided into the model group， Ningmitai capsule group（0.50 g·kg^-1）， Zishen Tongguan formula group（2.00 g·kg^-1）， and the Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma pair group（PCC-AR group， 2.00 g·kg^-1）， with 8 rats in each group. The administered groups were given the corresponding medicinal solution by gavage， and the normal and model groups were intragastrically administered with an equal volume of normal saline， once a day for 14 consecutive days. The prostate tissues of rats were collected and subjected to hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining and Masson staining to observe the pathological changes of the tissues in each group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect the levels of related inflammatory factors in rat serum， and 16S rDNA sequencing was used to analyze the abundance and diversity changes of gut microbiota before and after administration， and species difference analysis was performed. ResultsAll the administered groups could alleviate the inflammatory symptoms of CNP rats， increase the expression levels of anti-inflammatory factors and decrease the expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors， with the most sIgnificant effect observed in the Zishen Tongguan formula group. Compared with the normal group， the expression levels of interleukin（IL）-8， hypersensitive C-reactive protein（hs-CRP）， immunoglobulin（Ig）M， secretory IgA （sIgA）， and inducible nitric oxide synthase（iNOS） were sIgnificantly increased in the model group（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the expression levels of the above inflammatory factors in all administered groups were significantly reduced（P<0.01）. When compared with the PCC-AR group， the Zishen Tongguan formula group showed a significant decrease in transforming growth factor（TGF）-β₁ expression level（P<0.05） and a significant increase in IgM expression level（P<0.01）. The results of gut microbiota analysis showed that， compared with the PCC-AR group， at the order level， the Zishen Tongguan formula group significantly reduced the relative abundance of conditional pathogens such as Bacteroidales， Acidaminococcales， Rhodospirillales， Clostridiales， and Elusimicrobiales（P<0.01）. And at the genus level， the Zishen Tongguan formula group significantly decreased the relative abundance of pathogenic microbiota such as Lachnospira and Bacteroides（P<0.01） and significantly increased the relative abundances of beneficial microbiota such as Ruminococcus and Lactobacillus（P<0.01）. ConclusionZishen Tongguan formula can reduce the level of harmful intestinal bacteria， increase the level of beneficial intestinal bacteria， down-regulate the expression of serum inflammatory factors， and the small amount of Cinnamomi Cortex in the formula may play a key role in the treatment of CNP with this formula.

ObjectiveBased on the theory of "gut-prostate" axis， this study explored the effects and mechanisms of Zishen Tongguan formula and Cinnamomi Cortex in the formula in treating rats with chronic non-bacterial prostatitis（CNP） by detecting the levels of inflammatory factors， and the composition and structure of intestinal flora in CNP rats. MethodsEight out of 42 SD rats were randomly selected as the normal group， and the remaining rats were injected with carrageenan to prepare the CNP model. After successful modeling， 32 rats were randomly divided into the model group， Ningmitai capsule group（0.50 g·kg^-1）， Zishen Tongguan formula group（2.00 g·kg^-1）， and the Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma pair group（PCC-AR group， 2.00 g·kg^-1）， with 8 rats in each group. The administered groups were given the corresponding medicinal solution by gavage， and the normal and model groups were intragastrically administered with an equal volume of normal saline， once a day for 14 consecutive days. The prostate tissues of rats were collected and subjected to hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining and Masson staining to observe the pathological changes of the tissues in each group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect the levels of related inflammatory factors in rat serum， and 16S rDNA sequencing was used to analyze the abundance and diversity changes of gut microbiota before and after administration， and species difference analysis was performed. ResultsAll the administered groups could alleviate the inflammatory symptoms of CNP rats， increase the expression levels of anti-inflammatory factors and decrease the expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors， with the most sIgnificant effect observed in the Zishen Tongguan formula group. Compared with the normal group， the expression levels of interleukin（IL）-8， hypersensitive C-reactive protein（hs-CRP）， immunoglobulin（Ig）M， secretory IgA （sIgA）， and inducible nitric oxide synthase（iNOS） were sIgnificantly increased in the model group（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the expression levels of the above inflammatory factors in all administered groups were significantly reduced（P<0.01）. When compared with the PCC-AR group， the Zishen Tongguan formula group showed a significant decrease in transforming growth factor（TGF）-β₁ expression level（P<0.05） and a significant increase in IgM expression level（P<0.01）. The results of gut microbiota analysis showed that， compared with the PCC-AR group， at the order level， the Zishen Tongguan formula group significantly reduced the relative abundance of conditional pathogens such as Bacteroidales， Acidaminococcales， Rhodospirillales， Clostridiales， and Elusimicrobiales（P<0.01）. And at the genus level， the Zishen Tongguan formula group significantly decreased the relative abundance of pathogenic microbiota such as Lachnospira and Bacteroides（P<0.01） and significantly increased the relative abundances of beneficial microbiota such as Ruminococcus and Lactobacillus（P<0.01）. ConclusionZishen Tongguan formula can reduce the level of harmful intestinal bacteria， increase the level of beneficial intestinal bacteria， down-regulate the expression of serum inflammatory factors， and the small amount of Cinnamomi Cortex in the formula may play a key role in the treatment of CNP with this formula.

Objective To design a precision nutrition information management system to improve clinical nutrition diagnosis and treatment.Methods A precision nutrition information management system was developed with such technologies as Internet,big data and remote diagnosis and treatment,which was composed of a hardware system and a software system.The hardware system consisted of a Web and interface server,a database server,a front-end server,a personal digital assistant,a barcode scanner and a label printer;the software system with B/S architecture encapsulated business functions into reusable and easily expandable modular components based on.NET technology stack,which was made up of three subsystems for outpatient nutrition diagnosis and treatment,inpatient nutrition diagnosis and treatment and nutrition stocking management.Results The system developed realized data sharing and interaction among multi information systems,and contributed to implementing rational,normalized and efficient outpatient nutrition diagnosis and treatment,inpatient nutrition support and nutrition stocking management.Conclusion The system developed meets the requirements for clinical nutrition diagnosis and treatment and enhances clinical nutrition service.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):41-48]

Objective To design a precision nutrition information management system to improve clinical nutrition diagnosis and treatment.Methods A precision nutrition information management system was developed with such technologies as Internet,big data and remote diagnosis and treatment,which was composed of a hardware system and a software system.The hardware system consisted of a Web and interface server,a database server,a front-end server,a personal digital assistant,a barcode scanner and a label printer;the software system with B/S architecture encapsulated business functions into reusable and easily expandable modular components based on.NET technology stack,which was made up of three subsystems for outpatient nutrition diagnosis and treatment,inpatient nutrition diagnosis and treatment and nutrition stocking management.Results The system developed realized data sharing and interaction among multi information systems,and contributed to implementing rational,normalized and efficient outpatient nutrition diagnosis and treatment,inpatient nutrition support and nutrition stocking management.Conclusion The system developed meets the requirements for clinical nutrition diagnosis and treatment and enhances clinical nutrition service.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):41-48]

Objective:To investigate the influence of inner cell mass and trophectoderm cytoplasmic strings during blastocyst expan-sion on embryonic development and pregnancy outcome.Methods:A retrospective cohort analysis was performed for the clinical data of patients who received pre-implantation genetic testing for aneuploidy(PGT-A)and underwent single blastocyst transplantation in our hospital from June 2019 to December 2021.A total of 530 patients were enrolled,and genetic testing was performed for 2132 blasto-cysts.According to the presence or absence of cytoplasmic strings during blastocyst expansion,the blastocysts were divided into cyto-plasmic strings(+)group with 534 blastocysts and cytoplasmic strings(-)group with 1598 blastocysts,and quality and PGT-A results were compared between the two groups.After the transfer of euploid blastocysts,pregnancy outcome was compared between the 115 blastocysts with cytoplasmic strings and the 415 blastocysts without cytoplasmic strings.Results:The rates of cytoplasmic strings(+)in the high-,average-,and low-quality blastocyst groups were 30.19%,24.62%,and 12.63%,respectively.The correlation analysis showed a correlation coefficient of-0.115(P<0.001)between embryo quality and the rate of cytoplasmic strings(+).There was no sig-nificant difference in euploidy rate between the two groups(45.3%vs.44.6%).There were no significant differences between the euploid blastocysts with cytoplasmic strings and those without cytoplasmic strings in implantation rate(72.17%vs.66.02%,P=0.213),miscarriage rate(14.46%vs.12.77%,P=0.691),and live birth rate(61.74%vs.57.59%,P=0.424).Conclusion:The presence of cyto-plasmic strings is associated with the morphological quality of blas-tocysts,while it has no impact on embryo ploidy or clinical outcome after euploid embryo transfer.Further research is needed to confirm the impact of cytoplasmic strings on embryonic development.

Artificial chord is a mature mitral valve repair technique, especially in adult mitral valve repair. It is still challenging to repair mitral valve in children with artificial chords because the quality of mitral valve is soft and immature. There are some differences in the methods of suture, the choice of suture size and the number of artificial chords. Although the artificial chords could not grow naturally, we found through the long-term research that most children did not have mitral valve restriction or even chords rupture due to itself can compensate through the growth of the flap and papillary muscle. This article summarizes the recent research progress on the treatment of mitral valve insufficiency in children with artificial chords, providing reference for clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal compound modified Huanglian Wendan Decoction in the treatment of hypertension complicated with sleep disorders of phlegm-heat harassing the interior type.Methods A total of 70 patients with hypertension complicated with sleep disorders of phlegm-heat harassing the interior type were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,35 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine,and the patients in the observation group were treated with modified Huanglian Wendan Decoction on the basis of treatment for the control group.The course of treatment covered four weeks.The Clinical Global Impression(CGI)score,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)score,blood pressure,and serum levels of homocysteine(Hey),interleukin 6(IL-6),interleukin 10(IL-10)and interleukin 8(IL-8)levels in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.Moreover,the safety of medication was evaluated in the two groups.Results(1)After four weeks of treatment,the CGI score of the observation group was(1.63±0.60)points,which was significantly lower than that of the control group[(2.74±0.82)points],and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).(2)After treatment,the TCM syndrome score,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and PSQI score of the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the decrease of TCM syndrome score,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and PSQI score in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the levels of serum Hcy,IL-6 and IL-8 in the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the serum IL-10 level was significantly increased compared with that before treatment(P＜0.01).The decrease of serum Hcy,IL-6 and IL-8 levels and the increase of serum IL-10 level in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P＜0.01).(4)During the treatment,no treatment-related adverse reactions or complications occurred in the two groups.Conclusion Modified Huanglian Wendan Decoction has certain efficacy on patients with hypertension complicated with sleep disorders of phlegm-heat harassing the interior type.The decoction can not only reduce the blood pressure and serum Hcy level of the patients,but also regulate the level of inflammatory factors with high safety.

Objective:To investigate the prognosis and risk factors for children diagnosed with all types of subaortic stenosis(SAS) who developed recurrent left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after surgical treatment.Methods:The study retrospectively included patients aged 0-18 years old who underwent open heart SAS surgery at Fuwai Hospital from 2016-2019. Children with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy were excluded. Detailed operative notes, medical records and ultrasound information, and follow-ups were extracted. Recurrent SAS was defined as left ventricular outflow tract gradient 30 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) 1 month after SAS surgical treatment.Results:A total of 137 children were included in this study. The medium age of children at the time of SAS surgery was 4.6 years old(3 months-17.8 years old). After a median follow-up of 4.36 years(3.2-5.7 years), a total of 30 patients developed recurrent LVOTO, with a recurrence rate of 21.9%, and 7(5.1%) underwent a second surgery. Compared to the non-recurrent group, children in the recurrent group were younger at the time of surgery( P=0.0443), had a smaller body surface area( P=0.0485), and a longer length of stay( P=0.0380). In Cox analysis, when only considering preoperative variables, the independent risk factor for LVOTO recurrence were a peak left ventricular outflow tract gradient higher than 50 mmHg( HR=5.25, P=0.001), a BSA less than 0.9( HR=2.5, P=0.023), and a length of SAS 5 mm( HR=2.29, P=0.050). When both preoperative and intraoperative variables were considered, preoperative peak left ventricular outflow tract gradient 50 mmHg( HR=4.91, P=0.002) and peeling from the aortic valve( HR=3.23, P=0.010) were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence. Conclusion:Recurrent LVOTO after SAS surgical repair is common, and regular postoperative follow-up is crucial to evaluate whether a secondary intervention is required. Regular postoperative follow-up is needed for children at high risk.