Investigating the correlation between micronucleus formation and male infertility has the potential to improve clinical diagnosis and deepen our understanding of pathological progression. Our study enrolled 2252 male patients whose semen was analyzed from March 2023 to July 2023. Their clinical data, including semen parameters and age, were also collected. Genetic analysis was used to determine whether the sex chromosome involved in male infertility was abnormal (including the increase, deletion, and translocation of the X and Y chromosomes), and subsequent semen analysis was conducted for clinical grouping purposes. The participants were categorized into five groups: normozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, oligozoospermia, oligoasthenozoospermia, and azoospermia. Patients were randomly selected for further study; 41 patients with normozoospermia were included in the control group and 117 patients with non-normozoospermia were included in the study group according to the proportions of all enrolled patients. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) screening was conducted through peripheral blood. Statistical analysis was used to determine the differences in micronuclei (MNi) among the groups and the relationships between MNi and clinical data. There was a significant increase in MNi in infertile men, including those with azoospermia, compared with normozoospermic patients, but there was no significant difference between the genetic and nongenetic groups in azoospermic men. The presence of MNi was associated with sperm concentration, progressive sperm motility, immotile spermatozoa, malformed spermatozoa, total sperm count, and total sperm motility. This study underscores the potential utility of MNi as a diagnostic tool and highlights the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of male infertility.
Humans ; Male ; Infertility, Male/genetics* ; Adult ; Micronucleus Tests ; Semen Analysis ; Oligospermia/genetics* ; Azoospermia/genetics* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Sperm Count ; Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective ; Middle Aged

Gegen Qinlian decoction has a wide range of clinical applications. However, there is a lack of systematic quality evaluation methods to ensure the safety and effectiveness of Gegen Qinlian decoction in clinical use. The UHPLC fingerprint and multi-component determination method of Gegen Qinlian decoction were established to provide scientific basis for the quality control and evaluation of Gegen Qinlian decoction. The chromatography was performed on a ZORBAX Eclipse Plus-C₁₈ column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm) with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A) - 20 mmol·L^-1 ammonium acetate (containing 0.8% acetic acid and 0.5% triethylamine) (B) and gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min^-1. The column temperature was 25 ℃, the detection wavelength was 260 nm, the fingerprint of 10 batches of Gegen Qinlian decoction was determined, and the similarity evaluation system of TCM chromatographic fingerprint was used for comprehensive analysis, and 9 components were quantitatively analyzed. In the fingerprint study of Gegen Qinlian decoction, a total of 18 peaks were obtained, 12 of which were identified by reference substances. Moreover, the similarity of 10 batches of Gegen Qinlian decoction was good, and all of them were greater than 0.99. In the multi-component quantitative analysis, the linear relationship between the nine components and the peak area was good (r ≥ 0.999) in the corresponding mass concentration range. The average recovery rate was 94.4%-100.3%, and the RSD was 0.1%-1.4%. The fingerprint of Gegen Qinlian decoction was studied under the same wavelength, and the content of 9 main components were determined by our established method. The method has high sensitivity and strong specificity, which provided a comprehensive scientific basis for the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of Gegen Qinlian decoction.

In recent years, monotherapy and combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have achieved good efficacy in a variety of malignancies from solid tumors to lymphomas and have become a standardized and systematic treatment modality for many cancers. However, there is still a lack of studies on the safety of ICIs in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients with malignancies, and early studies have reported HBV reactivation due to ICI antitumor therapy in clinical practice. With reference to related literature, this article reviews the recent clinical trials and application of ICIs in cancer patients with chronic viral infection and clarifies the efficacy and safety of ICIs in this special population, in order to provide a reference for clinical medication.

The peeled stems of Syringa pinnatifolia(SP) is a representative Mongolian folk medicine with the effects of anti-depression, heat clearance, pain relief, and respiration improvement. It has been clinically used for the treatment of coronary heart disease, insomnia, asthma, and other cardiopulmonary diseases. As part of the systematic study on pharmacological substances of SP, 11 new sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the terpene-containing fractions of the ethanol extract of SP by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance(~1H-NMR) guided isolation methods. The planar structures of the sesquiterpenoids were identified by MS, 1D NMR, and 2D NMR data analysis, and were named pinnatanoids C and D(1 and 2), and alashanoids T-ZI(3-11), respectively. The structure types of the sesquiterpenoids included pinnatane, humulane, seco-humulane, guaiane, carryophyllane, seco-erimolphane, isodaucane, and other types. However, limited to the low content of compounds, the existence of multiple chiral centers, the flexibility of the structure, or lack of ultraviolet absorption, the stereoscopic configuration remained unresolved. The discovery of various sesquiterpenoids enriches the understanding of the chemical composition of the genus and species and provides references for further analysis of pharmacological substances of SP.
Syringa ; Sesquiterpenes ; Terpenes ; Asthma ; Chromatography, Liquid

Objectives: To evaluate the association of illicit drug use with bone mineral density (BMD) and hip geometric parameters at the narrow neck. Methods: This is a cross-sectional matched cohort study conducted in the Hong Kong Chinese population. Associations with illicit drug use were estimated using linear regression for BMD (lumbar spine and femoral neck) and hip geometrical parameters (cross-sectional area [CSA], cross-sectional moment of inertia [CSMI], section modulus [SM], average cortical thickness [ACT] and BMD at the narrow neck) after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, and history of antipsychotic and antidepressant use. Mean difference and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated between 108 illicit drug users and 108 controls using an adjusted linear model and cluster-robust standard errors after matching by age and sex. The false discovery rate was used to correct for multiple testing. Results: Illicit drug users had a significantly lower BMD (g/cm2 ) at the lumbar spine (mean difference: -0.062; 95% CI: -0.108 to − 0.015), and femoral neck (mean difference: -0.058; 95% CI: -0.106 to − 0.010) in the fully adjusted model. Illicit drug users also had a significantly lower CSA (mean difference: -0.238 cm2 ; 95% CI: -0.462 to − 0.013), ACT (mean difference: -0.018 cm; 95% CI: -0.030 to − 0.006) and BMD (mean difference: -0.070 g/ cm2 ; 95% CI: -0.128 to − 0.012) at the narrow neck. Conclusions Illicit drug use is associated with lower BMD and bone strength. Future studies evaluating the risk of illicit drug use with fragility fracture are warranted.

As one of the modern scientific achievements,system theory can better explain and integrate traditional Chinese medi-cine(TCM).The article is based on the idea of system theory and combines TCM gasification thinking to deeply analyze the connota-tion of TCM surgical support method.It is believed that support method is based on the relationship between good and evil,with the or-gans,meridians,qi and blood as the main body of the system,and aims to restore the body's adaptive regulation ability.It reflects the systematic scientific characteristics of hierarchical evolution,leap,and overall emergence.Taking the treatment of chronic subdural he-matoma with support method as an example,the possibility of applying support method thinking to other modern surgical diseases was further explored and validated.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of atorvastatin (AVT) on biological behaviors and the miR-146a/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in human glioma cells. METHODS: Human glioma U251 cells were treated with 8.0 μmol/L AVT or transfected with a miR-146a inhibitor or a negative control fragment (miR-146a NC) prior to AVT treatment. RT-PCR was used to detect miR-146a expression in the cells, and the changes in cell proliferation rate, apoptosis, cell invasion and migration were detected using MTT assay, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay. Western blotting was performed to detect the changes in cellular expressions of proteins in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. RESULTS: AVT treatment for 48 h resulted in significantly increased miR-146a expression and cell apoptosis (P < 0.01) and obviously lowered the cell proliferation rate, invasion index, migration index, and expressions of p-PI3K and p-Akt protein in U251 cells (P < 0.01). Compared with AVT treatment alone, transfection with miR-146a inhibitor prior to AVT treatment significantly reduced miR-146a expression and cell apoptosis (P < 0.01), increased the cell proliferation rate, promoted cell invasion and migration, and enhanced the expressions of p-PI3K and p-Akt proteins in the cells (P < 0.01); these effects were not observed following transfection with miR-146a NC group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION AVT can inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration and promote apoptosis of human glioma cells possibly by up-regulating miR-146a expression and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Apoptosis ; Atorvastatin/pharmacology* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Glioma/pathology* ; Humans ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction

Objective:To evaluate the effect of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy on patients with moderate acute respiratory failure.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial. The patients with moderate acute respiratory failure in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from March 2019 to September 2020 were included. Patients with severe asthma or acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory failure, hemodynamic instability, disturbance of consciousness, non-invasive ventilation (NIV) contraindication, urgent need for endotracheal intubation, refusal of intubation, age <18 years and pregnancy were excluded. The patients were randomized to HFNC or NIV. Treatment failure was defined as the need for intubation and invasive ventilation. The vital signs, ROX index, blood gas analysis index, ultrasound parameters and endotracheal intubation rate were recorded at 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after treatment. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of treatment failure.Results:A total of 91 patients were included in the study, including 46 patients in the HFNC group and 45 patients in the NIV group. PaO 2/FiO 2 of the two groups were significantly increased after treatment compared with baseline ( P<0.05). The respiratory rate was lower in the NIV group than in the HFNC group at 1 and 24 h ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in other vital signs, arterial blood gas and ultrasound parameters between the two groups (all P>0.05). The intubation rate was 52.2% in the HFNC group and 48.9% in the NIV group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that there was no significant difference in intubation rate and mortality between the two groups ( P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increased end-diastolic right ventricle/left ventricle ratio ( OR=1.044, 95% CI: 1.012~1.077) and high acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ score ( OR=1.082, 95% CI: 1.006~1.163) at 0 h, lung ultrasound score ( OR=1.353, 95% CI: 1.034~1.772) and end-diastolic RV/LV ratio ( OR=1.097, 95% CI: 1.038~1.159) at 1 h were independent risk factors for non-invasive respiratory strategies failure. Increased diaphragm excursion ( OR=0.341, 95% CI: 0.165~0.704) at 0 h, high PaO 2/FiO 2 ( OR=0.929, 95% CI: 0.884~0.977), increased ROX index ( OR=0.524, 95% CI: 0.332~0.826), and increased diaphragm mobility ( OR=0.119, 95% CI: 0.030~0.476) at 1 h were independent protective factor for successful treatment. Conclusions:HFNC and NIV can improve oxygenation in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. There is no significant difference in intubation rate and mortality between HFNC and NIV. Ultrasound parameters may be helpful for predicting treatment failure.

OBJECTIVE: To establish an immune gene prognostic model of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and explore its correlation with immune cells in bone marrow microenvironment. METHODS: Gene expression profile and clinical data of TCGA-AML were downloaded from TCGA database. Immune genes were screened by LASSO analysis to construct prognosis prediction model, and prediction accuracy of the model was quantified by receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve. Survival analysis was performed by Log-rank test. Enriched pathways in the different immune risk subtypes were evaluated from train cohort. The relationship between immune prediction model and bone marrow immune microenvironment was verified by flow cytometry in the real world. RESULTS: Patients with low-risk score of immune gene model had better prognosis than those with high-risk score. Multivariate analysis showed that the immune gene risk model was an independent prognostic factor. The risk ratio for AML patients in the training concentration was HR=24.594 (95%CI: 6.180-97.878), and the AUC for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival rate was 0.811, 0.815, and 0.837, respectively. In addition, enrichment analysis of differential gene sets indicated activation of immune-related pathways such as cytokines and chemokines as well as autoimmune disease-related pathways. At the same time, real world data showed that patients with high immune risk had lower numbers of CD8⁺T cells and B lymphocytes compared with low immune risk patients. CONCLUSION We constructed a stable prognostic model for AML, which can not only predict the prognosis of AML, but also reveal the dysregulation of immune microenvironment.
Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics* ; Prognosis ; ROC Curve ; Risk Factors ; Transcriptome ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics*

Objective To determine the prevalence rate of elevated fasting plasma glucose(FPG)in residents of Liaoning Province and to identify the risk factors, which will help to effectively prevent/alleviate the occurrence and development of diabetes for reduction of socioeconomic burden. Methods A multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to investigate the residents of 3 towns and 3 rural areas in Liaoning Province. A total of 53 497 adults(aged 35-75 years)were surveyed by questionnaires and the risk or protective factors were analyzed by logistic regression method. Results The prevalence rate of elevated FPG was 24.7% with 23.2% in males and 26.0% in females, respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that age increase, female, high education, occupation(except farmers), alcohol drinking, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were risk factors of FPG(P < 0.05 or P < 0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of elevated FPG is high in the study population aged 35-75 years in Liaoning. It is necessary to strengthen the intervention in this part of the population in order to reduce the incidence of diabetes mellitus.