Objective To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks,and to provide a basis for early identification of BPD in twin preterm infants in clinical practice.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks who were admitted to 22 hospitals nationwide from January 2018 to December 2020.According to their conditions,they were divided into group A(both twins had BPD),group B(only one twin had BPD),and group C(neither twin had BPD).The risk factors for BPD in twin preterm infants were analyzed.Further analysis was conducted on group B to investigate the postnatal risk factors for BPD within twins.Results A total of 904 pairs of twins with a gestational age of<34 weeks were included in this study.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with group C,birth weight discordance of>25%between the twins was an independent risk factor for BPD in one of the twins(OR=3.370,95%CI:1.500-7.568,P<0.05),and high gestational age at birth was a protective factor against BPD(P<0.05).The conditional logistic regression analysis of group B showed that small-for-gestational-age(SGA)birth was an independent risk factor for BPD in individual twins(OR=5.017,95%CI:1.040-24.190,P<0.05).Conclusions The development of BPD in twin preterm infants is associated with gestational age,birth weight discordance between the twins,and SGA birth.

Approximately 25%of cancers worldwide are related to obesity and sedentary lifestyle.Changing behavior(exer-cise)may be a cost-effective means of prevention and treatment.Studies have found that exercise plays an important role in reducing cancer risk,inhibiting tumor growth,improving cancer-related quality of life,and improving the effectiveness of treatment.However,this protection mechanism is largely unclear.Clarifying the mechanism of action is essential to fully exploit the potential of exercise therapy,this article reviews the possible mechanisms for exercise to reduce the risk of cancer.

OBJECTIVE To observe the changes in brain function characteristics of Chaihu Tongbian Decoction in rats with slow transit constipation(STC)and depression using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI).METHODS 70 healthy SPF grade male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank group,model group,mosapride group,fluoxetine hydrochloride group,low(11.02 g·kg-1),medium(22.05 g·kg-1),and high(44.1 g·kg-1)dose Chaihu Tongbian Decoction groups.A rat model of STC with depression was constructed using compound diphenylephrine tablets combined with solitary confinement and chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS).Drugs were administered after successful modeling.The general condition of the rats was observed;24 h total number of fecal particles,fecal water content and intestinal carbon end advance rate were calculated;HE staining of the co-lon tissue was performed;the depressive-like behavior of the rats was detected.By comparing rs-fMRI amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF)values,the differences in neuronal activity in the brains of rats in each group were explored.RESULTS Com-pared with the blank group,the 24 h total number of fecal particles,fecal water content and intestinal carbon end advance rate in the model group were significantly reduced(P<0.01).HE staining showed that the colon tissue lesions in the model group were severe.Open field experiment and sugar water consumption showed that the activity level of rats in the model group decreased(P<0.01),and behavioral changes like anxiety and depression appeared.The rs-fMRI results showed that compared with the blank group,the ALFF value of the right posterolateral hippocampus in the model group decreased and the ALFF value of the left amygdala increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,after 4 weeks of treatment,the 24 h total number of fecal particles,fecal water content,and intestinal carbon end advance rate in the mosapride group and each dose group of Chaihu Tongbian Decoction were im-proved(P<0.05);compared with the model group,after 4 weeks of treatment,the fluoxetine hydrochloride group and each dose group of Chaihu Tongbian Decoction could improve the anxiety and depression-like behavior of rats(P<0.05);compared with the model group,after 4 weeks of treatment,the fluoxetine hydrochloride group and the high-dose Chaihu Tongbian Decoction group could in-crease the ALFF value of the right posterolateral hippocampus and decrease the ALFF value of the left amygdala(P<0.05).CON-CLUSION Chaihu Tongbian Decoction can effectively relieve constipation and depressive symptoms in STC rats with depression,and its mechanism may be related to activating the right posterolateral hippocampus and inhibiting amygdala activity.

AIM To explore analgesic mechanism of Yaobitong Capsules (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Corydalis Rhizoma,etc.) on lumbar intervertebral discs.METHODS An array of data mining,molecular docking and network analysis were employed to investigate the active compounds and key target protein.RESULTS Among the forty-six active hits identified by virtual screening,most compounds displayed good oral bioavailability and might confer an optimal CNS exposure.And eleven molecules (coptisine,diligustilide,corypalmine,chuanxiongterpene,etc.) were further confirmed to alleviate lumbar intervertebral discs through their targeting at nineteen proteins (such as p38,CGRP,MMPs,TNFα) to inhibit the inflammatory response and the infiltration of microvasculature,to reduce the nociceptors sensitivity,and to modulate the balance of Collagen and proteoglycans in catabolic and anabolic responses.CONCLUSION Yaobitong Capsules' clear molecular working mechanism and the key active compounds are revealed by this network-assisted investigation highlight the subsequent experiments on targets and active compounds.

Objective To study the cytotoxicity of bi-chimeric antigen receptors modified T lymphocytes (BiCAR-T) on the human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line HL60 in vitro and the anti-tumor effects of BiCAR-T on the NOD SCID mouse model of AML in vivo.Methods The BiCAR-T were prepared and the expression of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) of prepared BiCAR-T was analyzed by flow cytometry.In vitro study was divided into two groups:the experiment group (BiCAR-T) and the control group (T lymphocyte).The killing rate of BiCAR-T in vitro on HL60 cells was determined by CCK8 assay and the level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secreted from BiCAR-T co-culturing with HL60 cells for 48 hours was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at different effect/target ratios (5∶1,10 ∶ 1,20 ∶ 1).The NOD SCID mice AML model was established by the injection of HL60 cells through tail vein and used to assess the antitumor effects in vivo.The mice were randomly divided into three groups according to the random number table:the blank control group receiving 0.9％ NaCl 0.2 ml through tail vein,the model group and the treatment group receiving 1 × 107 HL60 cells in 0.2 ml phosphate buffer saline (PBS).After 20 days,the treatment group was injected with 2 × 107BiCAR-T in 0.2 ml PBS 3 times a week for 2 weeks,while the other two groups received 0.9％ NaCl 0.2 ml.The pathological changes in the mice livers and spleens were observed after 2 weeks of treatment.Results The CAR expression rates of BiCAR-T were more than 50.00％.In vitro experiments proved that the killing rates of BiCAR-T in the experimental group and T lymphocytes in the control group on HL60 cells were (25.43 ±1.32)％ vs.(16.18 ±0.75)％,(50.33±3.11)％ vs.(25.47±1.27)％,and (85.89 ± 3.96) ％ vs.(49.45 ± 2.77) ％ at different effect/target ratios (5 ∶ 1,10 ∶ 1,20 ∶ 1).The killing efficiency of BiCAR-T and T lymphocytes on HL60 cells was significantly different (F =404.17,P ＜ 0.001);the killing efficiency of BiCAR-T and T lymphocytes on HL60 cells was significantly different at different effect/ target ratios (F =548.09,P ＜ 0.001);and the killing efficiency on HL60 cells in the experimental group (BiCAR-T) was significantly higher than that in the control group (T lymphocytes) at different effect/target ratios (F =45.36,P ＜ 0.001).The IFN-γlevels secreted from BiCAR-T in the experiment group and T lymphocytes in the control group co-culturing with HL60 ceils after 48 h were (435.65 ± 20.44) pg/ml vs.(356.75 ± 19.87) pg/ml,(1 639.98 ± 95.75) pg/ml vs.(1 109.37 ± 80.98) pg/ml,and (3 467.43 ± 187.54)pg/ml vs.(2 245.52 ± 112.66)pg/ml.The IFN-γlevel in the experiment group (BiCAR-T) and the control group (T lymphocytes) was significantly different (F =156.24,P ＜ 0.001);the IFN-γ level was significantly different at different effect/target ratios (F =857.67,P ＜ 0.001);the IFN-γlevel in the experimental group (BiCAR-T) was significantly higher than that in the control group (T lymphocytes) at different effect/ target ratios of 5 ∶ 1,10 ∶ 1,20 ∶ 1,respectively (F =46.31,P ＜ 0.001).The result of hematoxylineosin staining (HE) staining showed that leukocyte infiltration in the treatment group was significantly decreased compared with the model group.Conclusion The experimental results showed that BiCAR-T is a kind of efficient targeted immunocyte modified by gene engineering,and it can significantly inhibit leukocyte infiltration of AML in vivo and in vitro.

BACKGROUNDLaparoscopic resection (LAP) for small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) is not as common as for stomach. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of LAP for small bowel GISTs with systematic review and meta-analysis.

METHODSThe Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed databases before December 2016 were comprehensively searched to retrieve comparative trials of LAP and conventional open resection (OPEN) for GISTs of small bowel with a relevance of review object. These researches reported intraoperative and postoperative clinical course (operation time, blood loss, time to first flatus and oral intake, hospital stay, morbidity, and mortality), oncologic outcomes, and long-term survival status.

RESULTSSix studies involving 391 patients were identified. Compared to OPEN, LAP had associated with a shorter operation time (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -27.97 min, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -49.40--6.54, P < 0.01); less intraoperative blood loss (WMD = -0.72 ml; 95% CI: -1.30--0.13, P = 0.02); earlier time to flatus (WMD = -0.83 day; 95% CI: -1.44--0.22, P < 0.01); earlier time to restart oral intake (WMD = -1.95 days; 95% CI: -3.31--0.60, P < 0.01); shorter hospital stay (WMD = -3.00 days; 95% CI: -4.87--1.13, P < 0.01); and a decrease in overall complications (risk ratio = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.33-0.97, P = 0.04). In addition, the tumor recurrence and long-term survival rate showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups of patients.

CONCLUSIONSLAP for small bowel GISTs is a safe and feasible procedure with shorter operation time, less blood loss, less overall complications, and quicker recovery. Besides, tumor recurrence and the long-term survival rate are similar to open approach. Because of the limitations of this study, methodologically high-quality studies are needed for certain appraisal.

Objective To improve the load resistance ability of students in teenager aviation schools and carry out specialized training for the body situation and shape of students.Methods We selected students from 14 teenager aviation schools and measured their height,weight,and the circumferences of necks,chests,upper-arms,waists,hips,and thighs.We compared the data of these students from different areas and the parameters were analyzed statistically by correlation analysis.Results Totally 411 students from 6 southern schools and 403 students from northern schools were investigated.Their average body height,weight and body mass index (BMI) were (172.3 ± 4.39) cm,(62.7 ± 7.3) kg,and (21.1 ± 2.23)kg/m2 respectirely.Students from northern schools were taller and heavier than those from southern schools (P ＜ 0.05).There was no difference between students from northern and southern schools in BMI.Compared with the domestic average levels of height,weight and chest circumference of teenagers aged 14 to 17,students of teenager aviation schools were higher,but there was no difference in weight or chest circumference.The average circumferences of the chest,neck,left upper-arm,right upper-arm,waist,hip,left thigh and right thigh were (83.1 ± 5.06),(34.7 ±3.07),(25.2±2.33),(25.5 ±2.30),(73.4 ±6.73),(89.7 ±5.89),(50.1 ±5.22),and (50.2 ±5.27)cm,respectively.According to the data,students from northern schools had a bigger chest circumference and thigh circumference but a smaller neck circumference and upper-arms circumference than those from southern schools (P ＜ 0.05).The correlation coefficient between BMI and the circumferences of the chest,neck,left upper-arm,right upperarm,waist,hip,left thigh and right thigh was 0.2201,0.1066,0.2466,0.2499,0.2291,0.2149,0.2299,0.2264,respectively.All of them were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.0001).Conclusion Load resistance related parameters of students in teenager aviation schools are not different from the domestic levels,which points to the urgent need for load resistance ability training for these students.Some parameters vary between areas.BMI is positively related to those load resistance parameters.Based on regional variations and regularities found in this study,specialized load resistance ability training could be made more efficient.

Objective To study the cytotoxicity of multiple gliomaassociated antigens sensitized dentritic cell activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (GDC-CTL) on the human glioma cell line U87 in vitro and the anti-tumor effect of GDC-CTL on the BALB/c nude mouse model of malignant glioma in vivo.Methods Multiple glioma-associated antigens sensitized dentritic cell (GDC) and GDC-CTL were prepared and then analyzed with the phenotypes by flow cytometry.Cytotoxicity of GDC-CTL on U87 cells was determined by CCK8 assay and the level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secreted from GDC-CTL co-culturing with U87 cells for 48 h was detected by ELISA at different effect/target ratios (5∶ 1,10∶1,20∶1).The T lymphocytes without activation with GDC were evaluated as the control group.The BALB/c Nude mice tumor model established by the subcutaneous injection of U87 cells was adopted to assess the anti-tumor effect.The mice were randomly divided into four groups:the control group receiving subcutaneous injection with 0.9％ NaCl 0.2 mL,the model,intravenous treatment and local treatment groups receiving subcutaneous injection with 1 × 107 U87 cells in 0.2 mL Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM).When the diameter of tumor tissue reached 3 mm,the model group was subcutaneously injected with 0.9％ NaC1 0.2 mL surrounding the tumor,while the intravenous treatment group and local treatment group were injected with 0.2 × 107 GDC-CTL in 0.2 mL phosphate buffer saline (PBS) through the tail vein and subcutaneous injection into the surrounding area of the tumor respectively,3 times a week for 2 weeks.The tumor volume was calculated and the pathological changes in the tumor tissues were observed for comparison.Results Matured GDC expressing the high levels of CD83,CD1a and HLA-DR successfully activated GDC-CTL in which 93.00％ of CD3 + T lymphocytes and 69.00％ of CD3 + CD8 + T lymphocytes were detected.In vitro experiments proved that the killing rates of GDC-CTL and T lymphocytes on U87 cells were (24.35 ±1.12)％ vs (15.21 ±0.91)％,(38.57±2.10)％ vs (23.35 ±1.30)％,(59.44±3.79)％ vs (35.23 ± 2.33) ％,and the IFN-γlevels secreted from GDC-CTL and T lymphocytes co-culturing with U87 cells were (405.36±27.65) vs (371.11 ±23.23) pg · mL-1,(1509.22 ±97.16) vs (913.54 ±48.35) pg · mL-1,(2429.57 ±183.18) vs (1814.97 ± 123.24) pg · mL-1,at the different effect/target ratios of 5∶1,10∶1 and 20∶1 respectively.There were significant differences between this two groups at the effect/target ratios of 10∶1 and 20∶1 (P ＜0.05).The results obtained from the in vivo experiments showed that the tumor volumes in the intravenous treatment group and local treatment group shrank 34.83％ and 45.37％ respectively,when comparing with the model group (100.00％,P ＜ 0.05).The pathological changes of tumor tissues showed that the tumor cells in the local treatment group and intravenous treatment group were significandy decreased.Conclusion The experimental results that GDC-CTL can significantly inhibit the growth of ghoma provide more evidences to further study the effective targeting therapy on glioma.

Objective The lentiviral vector was recombined with metal-lothionein ( MT) gene to identify the MT overexpression in human adi-pose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ( hADSCs) after transfection and then to study the lead tolerance of genetically modified hADSCs with MT (MT-hADSCs).Methods The recombinant plenti-CMV-MT2A-EYFP vector was constructed with pLenti -CMV -hChR 2 ( E123 T -H134R)-EYFP and MT2A gene for transfecting hADSCs to obtain the MT-hADSCs.The overexpression of MT in hADSCs was identified by immunofluorescence assay.The MTT method was used to assess the cell viability of hADSCs, hADSCs transfected with empty vector, and MT-hADSCs, all of which were treated with lead acetate.Results The re-combinant plenti -CMV -MT2A -EYFP was successfully constructed and transfected into hADSCs.The overexpression of MT was positively detected in the MT -hADSCs.The tolerance of MT-hADSCs to lead was significantly higher than the hADSCs and hADSCs transfected with empty vector.Conclusion MT can significantly increase the tolerance of hADSCs to lead, indicating that MT can reduce the cytotoxicity of lead.The experimental results from this study provide more evidences for further study of using MT-hADSCs to treat lead poisoning.

A simple and quick method is described for the determination of ferulic acid, senkyunolide I, senkyunolide H, senkyunolide A and ligustilide in rhizomes of Ligusticum chuanxiong. The 5 active ingredients in the sample was extracted using 40% ethanol and analyzed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Chromatography separation was performed using Agilent 1100 series HPLC system with a Symmetry C18 column and gradient elution with a mixture of three solvents : solvent A, acetonitrile, solvent B, methanol and solvent C, 1% aqueous acetic acid, 0 min to 5 min A: B: C 20: 40: 40, 5 min to 30 min A: B: C 60 to 100 : 0 : 40 to 0. The effluent was monitored using a VWD detector set at 321 nm (0-4.3 min) and 275 nm (4.31-30 min). The flow rate was set at 1 mL x min(-1) and the injection volume was 10 microL. The column temperature was maintained at 35 degrees C. The calibration curve was linear (r > or = 0.99) over the tested ranges. The average recovery was 94.44%-103.1% (n = 6). The method has been successfully applied to the analysis in different harvest periods of L. chuanxiong samples. In this paper, single-factor randomized block design to study the 5 components content of L. chuanxiong on ten collecting stages. For the L. chuanxiong collected from April 15th to May 30rd, the content of 5 ingredients increased primarily, and then decreased. Determine the appropriate harvest time has important significance to the promotion of the quality of L. chuanxiong.
4-Butyrolactone ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Acetic Acid ; chemistry ; Acetonitriles ; chemistry ; Benzofurans ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Coumaric Acids ; analysis ; Ligusticum ; chemistry ; Methanol ; chemistry ; Solvents ; chemistry ; Time Factors