Objective To explore the influence of 3D printed individualized tissue compensators on the dose of the radiotherapy target area and the radiotherapy accuracy in intensity-modulated radiotherapy for vul-var carcinoma.Methods Twenty patients with vulvar cancer who visited this hospital from December 2022 to December 2024 were selected as the research subjects and divided into the control group and 3D group accord-ing to the random number table method,10 cases in each group.The control group used the conventional tis-sue compensators,while the 3D group used the 3D printed individualized tissue compensators.The dosimetric results of the target area and normal tissues were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the maximum dose[(5 501.00+22.12)cGy vs.(5 659.60+84.59)cGy],average dose[(5 203.60+52.45)cGy vs.(5 258.70+42.95)cGy]and dose of 2％target volume[(5 360.30+63.70)cGy vs.(5 408.90+91.90)cGy]in the 3D group were lower,and the homogeneity index(0.12+0.01 vs.0.13+0.02)and conformity index(1.16+0.05 vs.1.23+0.04)were better,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in dose of 30％clinical target volume of the bladder and rectum between the two groups(P＞0.05).During and after radiotherapy,among 20 cases,4 cases presented with grade 3 skin reactions,which were wet peeling,with 2 cases in each of the two groups.The remaining 16 cases had the grade 1 to 2 skin reactions.Conclusion In intensity-modulated radiotherapy for vulvar carcinoma,the dose distribution of 3D-printed personalized tissue compensators is superior to that of conventional organizational compensators.

BACKGROUND:The effect of protective agent penetration is crucial in organ cryopreservation.Quantitative analysis of the effect of cryoprotectant dimethyl sulfoxide introduction can provide a theoretical basis for the successful cryopreservation of organs.OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide penetration on the cryopreservation of rabbits'severed hindlimb.METHODS:Fifty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into group A1(n=8),group A2(n=8),group B1(n=8),group B2(n=8),group C1(n=6),group C2(n=6),and group C3(n=6)by random number table method.The severed hind limb cryoprotectant perfusion model was established in all groups.Groups A1 and A2 were perfused with 10％and 20％dimethyl sulfoxide solution through the femoral artery for 50 minutes,respectively.The concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in muscle tissue was detected by microdialysis-freezing osmometer.Group B1 and group B2 were perfused with 10％and 20％dimethyl sulfoxide solution through the femoral artery for 30 and 20 minutes,respectively.The concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in perivascular,muscle and subcutaneous tissue was detected by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Group C1,group C2,and group C3 were immersed in 50％,35％,and 20％dimethyl sulfoxide solution for 30 minutes,respectively.Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to detect the concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in perivascular,muscle and subcutaneous tissues.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in the muscle tissue of groups A1 and A2 increased with the extension of perfusion time.The concentration of group A1 stabilized at about 5％after 30 minutes of perfusion,and the concentration of group A2 stabilized at about 12％after 20 minutes of perfusion.The concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in the muscle tissue of group A2 at each perfusion time point was higher than that of group A1(P＜0.05).(2)The concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide in the muscle,perivascular and subcutaneous tissue of group B2 were 12％,20％,and 8.6％,respectively.The concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide in the perivascular,muscle tissue and subcutaneous tissue of group B1 were 10.9％,6.9％,and 1％,respectively.There were significant differences in the concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide in the same tissues between the two groups(P＜0.05).(3)The presence of dimethyl sulfoxide was not detected in the muscle and perivascular tissue of groups C1,C2,and C3.The concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide in the subcutaneous tissue of groups C1,C2,and C3 were 6.5％,2.3％,and 1.85％,respectively,and the difference between the groups was significant(P＜0.05).(4)These results suggest that for the rabbits'severed hindlimb model,the dimethyl sulfoxide penetration is ineffective by traditional immersion method,while 20％dimethyl sulfoxide can reach or approach effective vitrification concentration in most tissues after being introduced into the model through arterial perfusion.

BACKGROUND:The effect of protective agent penetration is crucial in organ cryopreservation.Quantitative analysis of the effect of cryoprotectant dimethyl sulfoxide introduction can provide a theoretical basis for the successful cryopreservation of organs.OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide penetration on the cryopreservation of rabbits'severed hindlimb.METHODS:Fifty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into group A1(n=8),group A2(n=8),group B1(n=8),group B2(n=8),group C1(n=6),group C2(n=6),and group C3(n=6)by random number table method.The severed hind limb cryoprotectant perfusion model was established in all groups.Groups A1 and A2 were perfused with 10％and 20％dimethyl sulfoxide solution through the femoral artery for 50 minutes,respectively.The concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in muscle tissue was detected by microdialysis-freezing osmometer.Group B1 and group B2 were perfused with 10％and 20％dimethyl sulfoxide solution through the femoral artery for 30 and 20 minutes,respectively.The concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in perivascular,muscle and subcutaneous tissue was detected by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Group C1,group C2,and group C3 were immersed in 50％,35％,and 20％dimethyl sulfoxide solution for 30 minutes,respectively.Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to detect the concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in perivascular,muscle and subcutaneous tissues.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in the muscle tissue of groups A1 and A2 increased with the extension of perfusion time.The concentration of group A1 stabilized at about 5％after 30 minutes of perfusion,and the concentration of group A2 stabilized at about 12％after 20 minutes of perfusion.The concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in the muscle tissue of group A2 at each perfusion time point was higher than that of group A1(P＜0.05).(2)The concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide in the muscle,perivascular and subcutaneous tissue of group B2 were 12％,20％,and 8.6％,respectively.The concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide in the perivascular,muscle tissue and subcutaneous tissue of group B1 were 10.9％,6.9％,and 1％,respectively.There were significant differences in the concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide in the same tissues between the two groups(P＜0.05).(3)The presence of dimethyl sulfoxide was not detected in the muscle and perivascular tissue of groups C1,C2,and C3.The concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide in the subcutaneous tissue of groups C1,C2,and C3 were 6.5％,2.3％,and 1.85％,respectively,and the difference between the groups was significant(P＜0.05).(4)These results suggest that for the rabbits'severed hindlimb model,the dimethyl sulfoxide penetration is ineffective by traditional immersion method,while 20％dimethyl sulfoxide can reach or approach effective vitrification concentration in most tissues after being introduced into the model through arterial perfusion.

Depression is a psychiatric disorder characterized by persistent depressed mood with high morbidity, suicidality, and mortality, in which treatment-resistant depression (TRD)is characterized by ineffective treatment with at least two types of antidepressants. Burst Stimulation (TBS), also known as theta burst stimulation (TBS), is a non-invasive physical therapy that includes intermittent TBS(iTBS) and continuous TBS(cTBS). Among them, iTBS has good antidepressant efficacy in TRD patients and can effectively improve their depressive mood. Therefore, this article will review the clinical application and related mechanisms of iTBS in TRD, to provide clinical guidance and theoretical support for TBS in treating of depression.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MetS) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) is significantly higher than that in healthy people. Metabolic disorder has been proven to be closely related to the onset of MDD, adverse treatment outcome and disease recurrence. Therefore, revealing the comorbidity mechanism of both is of great significance for treating MDD. Previous studies have focused on the role of abnormal cortisol levels mediated by hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis disorder, but how this pathway is activated and regulated is still unclear. In recent years, with further research development, systemic inflammation induced by an abnormal immune system is considered the deep molecular mechanism of MetS comorbidity of MDD. This review aims to summarize the similar activation of innate immunity, adaptive immunity and immune signaling pathway between MDD and MetS and to provide a strong theoretical basis for follow-up mechanism exploration, drug research and intervention strategy search.

Depression is a psychiatric disorder characterized by persistent depressed mood with high morbidity, suicidality, and mortality, in which treatment-resistant depression (TRD)is characterized by ineffective treatment with at least two types of antidepressants. Burst Stimulation (TBS), also known as theta burst stimulation (TBS), is a non-invasive physical therapy that includes intermittent TBS(iTBS) and continuous TBS(cTBS). Among them, iTBS has good antidepressant efficacy in TRD patients and can effectively improve their depressive mood. Therefore, this article will review the clinical application and related mechanisms of iTBS in TRD, to provide clinical guidance and theoretical support for TBS in treating of depression.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MetS) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) is significantly higher than that in healthy people. Metabolic disorder has been proven to be closely related to the onset of MDD, adverse treatment outcome and disease recurrence. Therefore, revealing the comorbidity mechanism of both is of great significance for treating MDD. Previous studies have focused on the role of abnormal cortisol levels mediated by hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis disorder, but how this pathway is activated and regulated is still unclear. In recent years, with further research development, systemic inflammation induced by an abnormal immune system is considered the deep molecular mechanism of MetS comorbidity of MDD. This review aims to summarize the similar activation of innate immunity, adaptive immunity and immune signaling pathway between MDD and MetS and to provide a strong theoretical basis for follow-up mechanism exploration, drug research and intervention strategy search.

Objective The aim of this study was to collect diagnosis,treatment,and follow-up information of inpatients with malignant tumors at the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,analyze the distribution and composition of malignant tumor types,mortality,and survival status,and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors in the local area.Methods The case and mortality data of inpatients with malignant tumor from 2010 to 2020 were calculated,and the survival status was collected by follow-up.The composition,different pathological stage,composition and sequential changes of malignant tumors,as well as survival rates of the 1-year,3-year and 5-year were analyzed.Results A total of 111,418 patients with malig-nant tumor were admitted to the hospital from 2010 to 2020.Breast cancer accounted for 20.67％of inpatients,followed by lung canc-er,thyroid cancer,cervical cancer and gastric cancer;The leading cause of malignant tumor death was lung cancer(accounting for 26.70％),followed by gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,liver cancer and colorectal cancer.The 1-year,3-year,and 5-year sur-vival rates were 87.20％,65.80％and 57.20％,respectively.The overall survival rates of patients with stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ malignant tumors were significantly higher than those of patients with stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ(P=0.003).Conclusion Breast cancer,lung cancer,thyroid cancer,cervical cancer and gastric cancer are the high incidence of malignant tumors in Xinjiang,among which thyroid cancer,breast cancer,and cervical cancer have a higher 5-year survival rate.Early screening,diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors should be strengthened,and prevention strategies and resource allocation should be adjusted in time according to the distribution of malignant tumors to reduce the incidence and mortality of malignant tumor and improve the health level of people in Xinjiang.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified Atkins diet (MAD) in treating global growth retardation (GDD).Methods:A prospective multicenter clinical controlled study was conducted.The children were included from 8 departments of children′s rehabilitation in Henan Province from July 2017 to October 2017.A total of 154 children who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned into the routine treatment group (88 cases) and MAD therapy group (66 cases). A total of 62 children in MAD therapy group and 59 children in routine treatment group completed the study for 15 months.The routine treatment group was provided comprehensive rehabilitation training, and the MAD therapy group was given MAD treatment on the basis of rehabilitation training.Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare the differences among datas at different time points. Results:After 3 months, there were significant differences in the scores of the Chinese Version of Urban Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (CITSEA)/Achenbach Children′s Behavior Scale (CBCL) between the 2 groups (all P<0.05). Significant improvement was seen in the MAD group.After 6 months, the MAD therapy group had significantly higher scores on the Gesell Developmental Scale for language and social behavior than the routine treatment group (all P<0.05). After 9 months, the scores of the children in the MAD therapy group were better than those in the routine treatment group in the Gesell Developmental Scale adaptive energy area and the infant-junior high school student social life scale (S-M scale), and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After 15 months, the fine motor in the MAD therapy group was better than that in the routine treatment group ( P<0.05). At the early stage of MAD therapy, 28 patients showed mild adverse reactions that were reversed after symptomatic treatment.No severe adverse reactions were observed. Conclusions:MAD therapy can improve the neuro-development, emotional and social behaviors, and adaptive behaviors with no severe adverse effects.

Major depressive disorder (MDD), is characterized by high incidence rate, high suicide rate, and high disability rate, however, the underlying pathogenesis of MDD is still unclear. Based on the diathesis-stress model of depression, epigenetic mechanisms strongly explain the integration of genes and environment in the development of depression. However, depression has a high degree of clinical heterogeneity, with individuals of different ages presenting different symptoms and epigenetic changes. As a dynamic molecular marker that varies with age and environmental experience, epigenetics helps to elucidate the unique and complex disease pathogenesis of depression at different ages. Therefore, this paper aims to review relevant epigenetic studies of depression at different ages of onset to explore its potential age-specific association mechanism, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of accurate intervention measures for patients with MDD at different ages.