Objective To report cases of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis （CIP） in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer, aiming to provide additional approaches for the assessment, treatment, and monitoring of this condition. Methods Three patients developed oxygen desaturation and interstitial lung lesions during chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy, and were diagnosed with CIP in collaboration with the respiratory department. Antitumor therapy was discontinued in the acute phase, and glucocorticoids were administered, with regular monitoring of disease progression. During follow-up, case 1 developed lung metastasis; case 2 showed improvement; case 3 had concurrent infection and tumor progression. Results Glucocorticoids improved lung lesions and hypoxic symptoms in patients with CIP, but attention should be paid to the potential for concurrent infections and tumor progression. Conclusions Comprehensive assessment and early identification of CIP are crucial for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. For those with recurrent symptoms after glucocorticoid therapy, timely and accurate adjustment of the treatment regimen is essential.

The incidence of breast cancer has jumped to the first place in malignant tumors, posing a severe threat to women's health. Different from oxidative phosphorylation metabolism of normal cells, breast cancer cells often undergo metabolic reediting characterized by aerobic glycolysis. In the process of initiating aerobic glycolysis, phosphofructokinase-2/fructose bisphosphatase-2 (PFK-2/FBPase-2) family isozymes PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 play key roles and are involved in the growth and proliferation, invasion and migration, autophagy, and drug resistance of breast cancer. This review summarizes the correlation of PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 with breast cancer, aiming to provide a reference for future breast cancer-related research and clinical translation.

Lung cancer is a global disease with high morbidity and mortality, which seriously affects human health. The long-term existence of chronic pulmonary inflammation is closely related to the occurrence and development of lung cancer, neutrophils are not only involved in acute and chronic inflammation, but also in the composition of tumor microenvironment (TME), which is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. Recent studies have found that tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) play an important role in the occurrence and development of lung cancer. This article reviews the role, mechanism and clinical significance of tumor-related neutrophils in lung cancer.

Objective To evaluate the applicationof the double-disk synergy test(DDST) and combined disk test(CDT) in clini cal metal enzyme phenotype deteetion.To evaluate the value of multiplex PCR in detecting the metallo-β-1actamase in clinical.Methods 56 strains of metallo-β-1actamase-positive strains were identified [NDM-1(n=9),VIM(n=32),IMP(n=15)]for appraise the two methods.By optimizing the design of PCR primers,3 pairs of primers were designed and detected (IMP,VIM,NDM-1) in one tube for evaluate the method.Results The DDST was 80.36％(45/56),and 100.00％(56/56) in the CDT.The accuracy of multiplex PCR was 100.00 ％ (56/56),and the size of the amplified fragment was used to distinguish three types of metallo-β-lactamase.Conclusion The CDT is more suitable for clinical application than DDST.Multiplex PCR has the characteristics of simple,rapid and accurate in detection of metallo-β-1actamase.It is suitable for daily use of clinical microbiological laboratory,which will help the clinical timely and effective administration.

Tanshinone ⅡA has a broad anti-tumor activity and good prospects for clinical application. Its possible mechanism of action involves the regulation of cell cycle, inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of tumor invasion, metastasis and inhibition of angiogenesis, and reversal of multidrug resistance. This article reviewed the research progress of anti-tumor effect of tanshinone ⅡA in recent years.

Objective To summarize the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) of the pancreas.Methods The clinical data of 16 cases of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January,2000 to October,2013 was retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 9 males and 7 females,age ranging from 37 to 61 years (average 49 years).The common complaint was epigastric pain.Ultrasonography and CT scan found solid lesions in all cases,main pancreatic duct dilatation was found in 10 cases.All the cases received surgical resection of the tumor.Pathology showed adenomas in 14 cases,borderline tumors in one,and adenocarcinoma in one.14 patients were followed-up ranging from 5 to 48 months,all were alive without recurrence and metastasis.Conclusions IPMT is a special type of pancreatic tumor.Surgical resection is the most effective treatment with excellent prognosis.

Pulmonary-fibrosis (PF) is the result of interstitial lung disease which has different causes and it is one of the most intractable diseases in respiratory system. The PF is characterized by progressive difficulty of breath and dying of respiratory failure, seriously threatening the health of people. Immunosuppressive drugs and glucocorticoids have been widely adopted as the main methods in treatment, but the results are not satisfactory and the side effects are obvious. Many specialists have tried traditional Chinese medicine in recent years with satisfactory effect, indicating that the prospect of using traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of PF is optimistic. This article outlines the researches about using traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of PF.