【Objective】 To investigate the development of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6, and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for promoting the development of adaptability in young children. 【Methods】 Data were from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children in China, and 3 319 children aged 2 - 6 and their parents from 28 sites across 14 provinces were recruited in this study.The Development Scale for Children Aged 0 - 6 years (WS/T 580-2017) was used to measure the developmental quotient of children′s adaptive ability, and a survey questionnaire was used to collect relevant information about children and their parents. 【Results】 Among 3 319 children aged 2 - 6, the proportion of slightly low or low level of adaptability, moderate adaptability development, good and excellent adaptability development was 7.68%,66.25% and 26.06%, respectively.The proportion of children aged 5 - 6 with good and excellent adaptability was lower in 3-year-old and 4-year-old groups (χ²=59.29, P<0.05).Multiple stepwise linear regression showed that children′s gender (β=0.06), gestational age of birth (β=-0.05), only child (β=-0.04), left-behind child (β=-0.04), the main caregiver (β=-0.06), and the education level of parents (β=0.09, 0.10), whether parents actively pay attention to children′s emotions (β=-0.06) and whether children play with homemade toys (β=-0.04) were the influencing factors of children′s adaptive development quotient.Girls, full-term children, only children, non-left-behind children, children with parents as main caregivers, parents with a high level of education, parents who often take the initiative to pay attention to children′s emotions, and children who play with homemade toys had a higher level of adaptability development quotient. 【Conclusions】 The development level of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6 in China is mostly above the average level and is related to multiple factors.Targeted intervention work can be carried out on relevant factors in order to promote the development of children′s adaptability.

Objective:The aim is to understand the current situation of death literacy among Chinese residents in the Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Greater Bay Area and explore educational approaches to enhance the death literacy of the social public.Method:The Death Literacy Index was conducted among 2,002 residents in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,which included 29 items from four dimensions namely practice,experience,fact,and community.Results:The average score of death literacy among the respondents was moderate(6.70),with scores for practical and experiential knowledge(7.32,7.50)higher than those for factual and community knowledge(6.20,6.10).The weakest content included discussing bereavement with people who have just lost loved ones(5.07),laws and regulations related to death at home(5.35),and providing support for the terminal person and their families in the community.Conclusion:The death literacy of the Chinese residents in the Greater Bay Area was moderate,in which community knowledge was the weakest with a lack of concern and support for the terminal person and the caregivers.Therefore,community health promotion strategies were proposed to strengthen death education for the public and promote the death literacy of the residents.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of neutrophil CD64(nCD64)index as a novel biomark-er in the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic brucellosis.Methods A total of 38 patients with acute bru-cellosis and 48 patients with chronic brucellosis diagnosed in the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autono-mous Region from February 2021 to July 2023 were included.Peripheral blood of the patients was collected and nCD64 index was detected by flow cytometry,and the correlation between nCD64 index and disease severi-ty was analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the sensitivity and the specificity of nCD64 index in differentially diagnosing acute and chronic brucellosis.Meanwhile,Rose-Bengal Plate Test(RBPT)and Standard Tube Agglutination Test(SAT)were used as controls to evaluate the clini-cal diagnostic value of the three.Results The nCD64 index of acute brucellosis patients was higher than that of chronic brucellosis patients(U=216.00,P<0.001),and the index was positively correlated with the sever-ity of the disease(r=0.670,P<0.001).The ROC curve analysis results showed that the area under the curve of nCD64 index in the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic brucellosis was 0.882(95%CI:0.811-0.952,P<0.001),the cut-off value was 2.81,and sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy were 83.3%,81.6%,80.4%,81.9%and 82.6%,respectively.The efficacy of nCD64 index in differential diagnosis of nCD64 index was significantly better than those of the qualitative tests of RBPT and SAT.Conclusion nCD64 index has favourable sensitivity and specificity in the differential diag-nosis of acute and chronic brucellosis,and tends to reflect the severity of the disease.It has clinical value in the differential diagnosis of acute brucellosis and chronic brucellosis,and plays an important role in the early diag-nosis and treatment effect monitoring of brucellosis.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of changes in interleukin(IL)-33 and regulatory T(Treg)cells in brucellosis,to verify the regulatory effect of IL-33 on Treg cells,so as to clarify the immune mechanism of IL-33 on Treg cells in brucellosis.Methods The peripheral blood of 39 patients with brucellosis treated in the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January to December 2021(the brucellosis group)and 42 healthy controls(the healthy control group)who underwent physical examination during the same period were collected.The serum IL-33 level was detected by AimPlex kit,and the proportion of Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry.Peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC)was extracted and cultured in vitro to observe the proportion and mRNA expression levels of forkhead box protein P3(Foxp3)after stimulation and blocking of IL-33.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the level of IL-33 and the proportion of Treg cells in brucellosis group were significantly increased,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).In vitro tests showed that the Foxp3 proportion and mRNA expression level of PBMC in the two groups were significantly increased after IL-33 stimulation,and significantly decreased after IL-33 blocking,with statistical significance(P＜0.001).Conclusion IL-33 and Treg cells increased significantly in brucellosis patients,and IL-33 promoted the immune function of Treg cells.Blocking IL-33 is expected to be a potential target for immunotherapy of brucellosis.

OBJECTIVE To explore the regulatory mechanism of compatibility of ginseng and gecko dispensing granule on kidney yang deficiency model rats. METHODS Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group （no modeling ，no administration），model group （modeling，no administration ），Jinkui shenqi pill group （modeling，dose of 2.33 g/kg），ginseng group（modeling，dose of 0.53 g/kg），gecko group （modeling，dose of 0.21 g/kg）and compatibility group （modeling，ginseng 0.53 g/kg and gecko 0.21 g/kg）. The body mass and anal temperature of rats were measured at different time points ；the serum levels of cAMP ，cGMP，CRH，ACTH，CORT，T，T3，T4，E2，IgG and IgM were measured ；the pathomorphological changes of adrenal gland ，thyroid gland and testis were observed ；mRNA expression of CRH ，thyroid stimulating hormone releasing hormone （TRH）and gonadotropin releasing hormone （GnRH）in hypothalamus were detected. RESULTS Compared with model group ，the anal temperature ，the levels of cAMP ，CRH，ACTH，CORT，T3，T and cAMP/cGMP ，T/E2 in serum and mRNA expressions of TRH and GnRH in hypothalamus were significantly increased in the compatibility group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；the levels of cGMP，E2 and IgG in serum and mRNA expression of CRH in hypothalamus decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； the pathological injuries of adrenal gland ，thyroid gland and testis were all improved. Compared with ginseng or gecko dispensing granules alone ，the anal temperature and T/E 2 of rats in the compatibility group increased significantly ，and mRNA expression of CRH in hypothalamus decreasedsignificantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Thecompatibility of ginseng and gecko dispensing granule has a synergistic regulatory effect on kidney yang deficiency model rats ， the mechanism of which may be associated with hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis ， hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis ， hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis and neuroendocrine immune network formed by immune function. Compatible drugs are better than single drugs.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell has achieved excellent efficacy in hematological tumors, especially for lymphoma. Many products have been approved to market all over the world, and 2 products targeting CD19 have been approved to treat relapsed and refractory large B-cell lymphoma in China. The current experiences of using CAR-T cells come from previous clinical studies. How to use CAR-T cells in a standardized and rationalized way is still a challenge faced by our clinicians. Based on the CAR-T cell treatment experiences from Peking University Cancer Hospital and the latest research progresses in CAR-T in China and abroad, this article will elaborate on patient screening, peripheral blood mononuclear cell collection, bridging treatment, lymphocyte depletion chemotherapy, CAR-T cell infusion, the monitoring and treatment of adverse events after infusion, and long-term follow-up after infusion, in order to guide clinicians to better use CAR-T cell and to bring maximum benefits to patients.

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of ARHGAP4 in colorectal cancer Method Real?time PCR,Western blot and immunocytochemistry were used to detect the expression of ARHGAP4 in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines ,and the correlation between its expression and clinical features of patients was analyzed Results ARHGAP4 is overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines and its overexpression is correlated with T stage, N stage, clinical stage, and metastasis. Conclusion ARHGAP4 may promote the progression of colorectal cancer ,and have the potential to be a novel prognosis marker.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4) in the genesis of Barrett′s esophagus.Methods Human esophageal epithelial cell (HEEC) and MRC-5 were cultured.The effects of different concentration of BMP4 and different pH value of hydrochloric acid or glycocholic acid on the expression of caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2(CDX2) in HEEC were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction.The effects of different pH value of hydrochloric acid or glycocholic acid on BMP4 expression in MRC-5 were also investigated.Independent sample t test was performed for statistical analysis.Results After HEEC stimulated by BMP4 at 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 ng/mL, the relative quantity expressions of CDX2 were 1.617±0.246, 2.489±0.455, 5.629±0.449 and 13.670±1.689, respectively, which were higher than those of control group (1.000±0.043, 1.029±0.094, 1.001±0.002 and 1.049±0.051, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.47, 3.14, 10.31, 7.47;all P<0.05).After MRC-5 stimulated by acid at pH four or five, or glycocholic acid at pH four or five, the relative quantity expressions of BMP4 were 2.430±0.105, 2.394±0.145, 125.900±12.620 and 2.128±0.215, respectively, which were higher than those of control group(1.025±0.095, 0.999±0.007, 1.060±0.138 and 0.893±0.110,respectively), and the differences were statistically significant (t=9.94, 9.59, 9.89, 5.11;all P<0.01).Conclusion BMP4 can increase the expression of CDX2 in HEEC, which promote the genesis of Barrett′s esophagus.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of ultrafiltration extract from Angelica Sinensis Radix and Hedysari Radix on PC12 cell apoptosis induced by H2O2; To discuss its mechanism of action.Methods H2O2 was used in the incubation of PC12 cells to establish the oxidative damage nerve cell apoptosis model. The experiment was divided into normal control group, model group, and three different dosages (0.375, 0.75, 1.5 g/L) of ultra-filtration extracted from Angelica Sinensis Radix and Hedysari Radix after modeling for interference. Rate of cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry; mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by laser scanning confocal microscopy; the protein expressions of cleaved Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the model group, rates of cell apoptosis in the different dosage groups decreased significantly; membrane potential of mitochondria increased; the protein expressions of cleaved Caspase-3 and Bax decreased; the expression of Bcl-2 increased; the ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax increased (P<0.05).Conclusion The ultra-filtration extracted from Angelica Sinensis Radix and Hedysari Radix can inhibit PC12 cell apoptosis induced by H2O2.

Objective:To design Keap1-tat peptide and explore its neuroprotective role on hipocampal CA1 neuron,as well as the effect on spacial learning and memory function following global cerebral ische-mia.Methods:Adult male Sprague Dawley (SD)rats were subjected to global cerebral ischemia (GCI) by four-vessel occlusion for 1 5 min and randomly divided into five groups:sham,sham+Keap1-tat,is-chemia/reperfusion (I/R),Keap1-tat peptide-and vehicle-administrated groups.For Keap1-tat or vehi-cle groups,the rats were treated with Keap1-tat (30,50,1 00 μg in 5 μL 0.9%saline)or the same vo-lume vehicle by intracerebroventricular injection (icv)30 min prior to ischemia.Cresyl violet staining was used to observe the surviving neurons and 4-hydroxy-2-noneal (4-HNE ) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deox-yguanosine (8-OHdG)immunostaining were used to detect the change of markers response to oxidative stress in hippocampal CA1 region.The spatial learning and memory function of the rats was evaluated using Morris water maze.Results:Compared with sham group,the number of surviving neurons in ische-mia-reperfusion and vehicle groups significantly decreased in the hippocampal CA1 region (P<0.05 ), while administration of Keap1-tat significantly decreased the damage following GCI (P<0.05),and the dose of 50 μg existed the most effective neuroprotective role.Furthermore,immunostaining intensity of 4-HNE and 8-OHdG,markers of oxidative stress damage attenuated by Keap1-tat peptide as compared with vehicle group in CA1 region.Of significant interest,the time of finding underwater platform in Keap1-tat group animals was significantly short,and after removing the platform,the probe time of Keap1-tat group animals in the original quadrant where the platform was significantly increased compared with that of vehi-cle and I/R group animals (P<0.05).Conclusion:Keap1-tat peptide can effectively attenuate neuro-nal damage in hippocampal CA1 region and improve learning and memory function,which might bedue to the attenuation of oxidative stress caused by GCI.