From June 16 to 30, 2023, men who have sex with men (MSM) who had visited Voluntary Counseling Testing (VCT) clinics in the Luohu, Futian and Nanshan districts of Shenzhen were included in this study to analyze their awareness of Mpox and the influencing factors. The mean age of the 262 MSM was (34.78±8.94) years, with the majority being unmarried (75.2%) and 79.0% confirmed to be infected with HIV. The awareness rates for five primary indicators, current status of Mpox, pathogen and source of infection, mode of transmission, population susceptibility, clinical manifestations and treatment were 68.4%, 84.7%, 60.3%, 87.8%, and 52.5%, respectively. The awareness rates for five secondary indicators, earliest transmission location (44.7%), main mode of transmission (54.2%), role of masks (46.9%), drug accessibility (46.6%), and self-limiting nature (38.2%) were all below 60%. The MSM population in Shenzhen perceived their likelihood of being infected (2.76±1.32) and discriminated against (3.87±1.26) as relatively low. The logistic analysis showed that the high school or vocational school education ( OR:3.094, 95 %CI:1.180-9.299), college or above education ( OR:5.360, 95% CI:2.159-15.501), and higher scores on questions affecting learning or work ( OR:2.196, 95% CI:1.409-3.599) were promoting factors for Mpox awareness, while higher scores on questions concerning the possibility of Mpox mortality ( OR:0.591, 95% CI:0.432-0.791) was the hindering factor for Mpox awareness.

From June 16 to 30, 2023, men who have sex with men (MSM) who had visited Voluntary Counseling Testing (VCT) clinics in the Luohu, Futian and Nanshan districts of Shenzhen were included in this study to analyze their awareness of Mpox and the influencing factors. The mean age of the 262 MSM was (34.78±8.94) years, with the majority being unmarried (75.2%) and 79.0% confirmed to be infected with HIV. The awareness rates for five primary indicators, current status of Mpox, pathogen and source of infection, mode of transmission, population susceptibility, clinical manifestations and treatment were 68.4%, 84.7%, 60.3%, 87.8%, and 52.5%, respectively. The awareness rates for five secondary indicators, earliest transmission location (44.7%), main mode of transmission (54.2%), role of masks (46.9%), drug accessibility (46.6%), and self-limiting nature (38.2%) were all below 60%. The MSM population in Shenzhen perceived their likelihood of being infected (2.76±1.32) and discriminated against (3.87±1.26) as relatively low. The logistic analysis showed that the high school or vocational school education ( OR:3.094, 95 %CI:1.180-9.299), college or above education ( OR:5.360, 95% CI:2.159-15.501), and higher scores on questions affecting learning or work ( OR:2.196, 95% CI:1.409-3.599) were promoting factors for Mpox awareness, while higher scores on questions concerning the possibility of Mpox mortality ( OR:0.591, 95% CI:0.432-0.791) was the hindering factor for Mpox awareness.

Objective:To detect the enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit ( EZH2) in glioma patients and analyze its value in disease and prognosis evaluation. Methods:Patients with glioma (glioma group, 90 cases) and patients with benign brain diseases (control group, 45 cases) in Beichen District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the research subjects. Methyl-specific PCR was employed to detect the methylation status of the EZH2 gene of the patients in the glioma group (tumor tissue, adjacent normal tissue), the control group (brain tissue), and in glioma cell lines (SHG-44, U251, U87, and CRT). The relationship between EZH2 gene unmethylation and clinicopathological factors was analyzed. The survival difference between the unmethylated and methylated EZH2 gene in tumor tissue of glioma patients was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results:The unmethylated rate of the EZH2 gene in the tumor tissue of the glioma group (68.9%) is significantly higher than that of the control group (5.6%) and in the normal tissue adjacent to the tumor (4.4%), and the differences are statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The EZH2 gene of glioma cell lines such as SHG-44, U251, U87, and CRT is unmethylated. There are significant differences in the unmethylated rate of the EZH2 gene in the tumor tissue of the glioma group in terms of intracranial hypertension, maximum tumor diameter, tumor number, and WHO grade (all P < 0.05). The unmethylated rate of the EZH2 gene in patients with intracranial hypertension, tumor maximum diameter ≥ 5 cm, multiple and grade Ⅲ + Ⅳ gliomas is significantly higher than that without intracranial hypertension, tumor maximum diameter < 5 cm, single and grade Ⅰ + Ⅱ gliomas, and the difference is statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The median survival time of EZH2 unmethylated patients is (13.45 ± 3.15) months, and the median survival time of EZH2 methylated patients is (19.45 ± 3.56) months. The median survival time of EZH2 methylated patients is significantly higher than that of unmethylated patients (Logrank = 30.084, P < 0.05). Conclusions:EZH2 is hypomethylated in glioma tumor tissue and can be used as a molecular marker for glioma disease and prognosis assessment

Thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations of the SLC19A2 gene that encodes the high-affinity thiamine transporter-1.Thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome involves extensive organs and systems with various clinical manifestations.The typical triad is megaloblastic anemia, non-autoimmune diabetes, and sensorineural deafness.The diagnosis of thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome depends on the detection of the pathogenic gene SLC19A2.Thiamine replacement therapy is the first-line treatment.Blood glucose of patients with thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome should be comprehensively managed, and hearing aids and cochlear implants can be used to improve the hearing.

Objective : To explore the occurrence and related factors of liver fibrosis in patients with End-stage re- nal disease (ESRD) ． Methods : A total of 83 ESRD patients were included in the study．Transient elastography was used to diagnose whether hepatic fibrosis occurred or not．According to the occurrence of hepatic fibrosis or not，the included patients were divided into a non-hepatic fibrosis group(n = 37) and a hepatic fibrosis group(n = 46) ．The demographic data and clinical laboratory indexes of the two groups were compared．Statistically signifi- cant variables were selected and included in the multivariate Logistics stepwise regression analysis to explore the in- fluencing factors of liver fibrosis in ESRD patients. Results : The prevalence of liver fibrosis in ESRD patients was 55. 42% ．Compared with the non-hepatic fibrosis group，the hepatic fibrosis group had lower white blood cells，e- rythrocyte sedimentation rate，complement C3 and C4(P＜0. 05) ．Multivariate Logistics analysis showed that com- plement C4 level ( OR = 0. 930，95% CI : 0. 872 －0. 992，P = 0. 028 ) and higher lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) level ( OR = 1. 016，95% CI : 1. 005 －1. 027，P = 0. 004) were the independent influencing factors of liver fibrosis in ESRD patients． Conclusion The probability of liver fibrosis in ESRD patients is high．Serum complement C4 and LDH are independent influencing factors of liver fibrosis． Dynamic monitoring of serum complement C4 and LDH levels is conducive to target liver fibrosis in ESRD patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of free fibula flap transplantation in repairing the defect of mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN).Methods:A total of 151 mandibular ORN patients undergoing free fibular flap transplantation were selected from August 2005 to September 2020 in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University. Among them, 109 patients were males and 42 patients were females, aged (54.1±10.1) (ranged 31-85) years old. The clinical data of the patients was collected and the survival rate of the flaps and postoperative function were calculated to evaluate the surgical efficacy. The χ 2 test was used for difference analysis. Results:Among the 151 patients, mandibular ORN caused by radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma accounted for 79.5% (120/151). The average time for mandibular ORN appeared was 5(6) years after radiotherapy. Facial artery [57.2%(87/152)] and superior thyroid artery [32.9%(50/152)] were the main anastomotic arteries in the recipient area. There was no significant difference in the necrosis rates of the two flaps [10.3%(9/87) and 12.5% (5/50), respectively, P=0.949]. The main anastomotic veins in the recipient area were the external jugular vein [48.4%(135/279)] and the common facial vein [26.5%(74/279)]. Twenty-five cases (16.6%) had one vein anastomosed, and 126 cases (83.44%) had two veins anastomosed. There was no significant difference in the flap necrosis rate between the two conditions [20.0%(5/25) and 7.1%(9/126), respectively, P=0.100]. Ninety-seven cases (64.2%) used the peroneal musculocutaneous-fascia composite flap to repair the maxillofacial soft and hard tissue defects. Thirteen cases (8.6%) underwent the restorations with digital virtual surgery design, of which 5 cases were repaired with dental implants at the same time. After the operations, lower respiratory tract infection occurred in 17 patients (11.3%), and upper respiratory tract obstruction occurred in 3 cases (2.0%). The survival rate of the flap after operation was 90.7% (136/151), and 21 patients (13.9%) had flap vascular crisis. Delayed healing of maxillofacial wounds occurred in 33 cases (21.9%). After 3 to 24 months of follow-ups, 110 patients (76.9%) had no fistula inside/outside the oral cavity, 118 patients (82.5%) had an improvement in opening mouth of increasing (≥0.5 cm) after surgery, 135 patients (94.4%) had pain relief, 97 cases (67.8%) could eat normal diet, semi-liquid or soft food, and 137 cases (95.8%) were satisfied or basically satisfied with the treatment effects. Conclusions:The free fibular flap transplantation is an effective method to repair mandibular ORN defects. Preoperative vascular assessment is helpful for the selection of recipient vessels. Facial artery, superior thyroid artery, external jugular vein and common facial vein can be used as the main recipient vessels. The repair of the peroneal musculocutaneous-fascia composite flap facilitates the closure of internal and external fistulas. Digital technology can help to restore the maxillofacial shape more accurately, improve the patient′s occlusal and chewing function and enhance the quality of life of mandibular ORN patients.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of salivary gland tumors and their pathological types. Methods: Data from 2 456 patients with salivary gland tumors diagnosed between January 1973 and December 2018 at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were collected, and their gender, age and tumor pathological type, location, and benign and malignant composition ratios were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Over the 46-year study period, 2 456 patients with salivary gland tumors were treated; 41.9% were female, and 58.1% were male. The peak incidence was found among the 40 to 60 years of age group, in which 593 (24.1%) patients had malignant tumors and 1 863 (75.9%) had benign tumors. The ratio of benign and malignant tumors was 3.1∶1. The top two most common benign tumors were pleomorphic adenoma (58.7%) and Warthin tumors (33.6%). The top two most common malignant tumors were mucoepidermoid carcinoma (27.7%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (26.1%). The most common sites of benign pleomorphic adenomas were the parotid glands, palate, and submandibular glands. Mucinous epidermoid carcinomas in malignant tumors were common in the parotid glands and small salivary glands. The incidence of salivary gland tumors in this group has increased each year, and this group accounted for 53.3% of the total cases over the past 10 years. Conclusion The number of patients with salivary gland tumors is increasing each year. The total incidence of salivary gland tumors is higher in men than in women. Large salivary gland tumors are mainly benign tumors, and small salivary gland tumors are more common. Polymorphic adenomas, Warthin tumors, and mucoepidermoid carcinomas are the most common tumor types; patients 40~60 years old are most likely to have benign salivary glands and have a high incidence of malignant tumors.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of letrozole in treatment of children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD). METHODS: Twenty eight children, including 19 boys and 9 girls aged 4-10y, with CAH due to 21-OHD were enrolled in the study. At the first six months of study, all children received conventional treatment with hydrocortisone or fludrocortisone, then letrozole was added to original regimen. The height velocity (HV), difference between bone age and chronological age (BA-CA), height standard diviation score based on bone age (HtSDS ), predicted adult height (PAH), Tanner phase, sex hormone, and possible adverse reaction were evaluated and compared between those before and after letrozole treatment. RESULTS: After 6 months of letrozole treatment, there was significant deceleration of HV, but it would recover soon. There was significant increase of HtSDS after 12 months of letrozole treatment ( < 0.05 or < 0.01), and significant changes in BA-CA after 18 months of letrozole treatment ( < 0.05). PAH of female children was significantly increased during letrozole treatment ( < 0.05), whereas PAH of male children was significantly increased 18 months after letrozole treatment ( < 0.05). Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were significantly increased, but did not meet the diagnostic criteria of central precocious puberty. Estradiol was significantly decreased ( < 0.01), but no changes in testosterone level was observed. During 24 months letrozole treatment, no hirsutism, severe acne, headache, bone pain, obesity, hypertension, rash and other adverse reactions were observed. CONCLUSIONS Letrozole can delay bone maturation and improve PAH, which can be used with conventional treatment for children with CAH due to 21-OHD, especially for those with high BA and low PAH.
Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital ; drug therapy ; Body Height ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Letrozole ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Puberty, Precocious

Objective To study the possible mechanism of in vivo production and congregation of macroprolactinemia (M-PRL) . Methods 50 cases of hyperprolactinemia(HPRL) ,50 cases of M-PRL and 25 healthy persons were selected as the HPRL group , M-PRL group and control group respectively .The chemiluminescence method was adopted to detect the levels of serum hormones and thyroid hormones .Then the detection results were statistically analyzed .Results The levels of serum testosterone ,sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG) ,thyroglobulin antibody and thyroid peroxidase in the M-PRL and HPRL groups were significantly higher than those in the control group .Serum estradiol levels in the M-PRL and HPRL group were lower than those in control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0 .05) .Serum Prog level of the M-PRL group was lower than that of the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0 .05) .However the levels of serum testosterone ,estradiol ,luteinizing hormone(LH) ,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and SHBG ,and LH/FSH ratio had no statistical difference between the M-PRL group and HPRL group(P＞0 .05) .Conclusion Certain degrees of sex hormones abnormality and autoimmune abnormality may exist in the patients with M-PRL .

Objective:To investigate the functional status of dendritic cells(DCs)in oral leukoplakia(OLK)tissues.Methods:The expression of DC-specific markers CD1 a,CD209,CD1 23 and CD83 in 20 cases of OLK with abnormal dysplasia,1 0 with simple dys-plasia and 1 0 of normal oral mucosa tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry.Results:CD1 a and CD209 positive DCs were found in all cases.More CD1 a positive Langehans cells(LCs)in lamina propria were found in OLK with abnormal dysplasia than in normal o-ral mucosa and OLK with simple dysplasia(P <0.01 ).A great mount of CD209 positive stromal DCs were recruited in OLK.There was no CD83 positive and CD1 23 positive cell in normal oral mucosa,however,CD83 positive mature DCs and CD1 23 positive plasmacytoid DCs(PDCs)were observed in OLK(P <0.01 ).Conclusion:OLK is characterized by the recruitment of different subsets of DCs,the different DC subsets may play an important role in the development of OLK.