Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of copper-doped barium titanate(BaCuTiO4)piezoelectric materials combined with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)to activate their piezoelectric-catalytic synergistic effect for treating implant-associated infections.Methods BaCuTiO4 coatings were synthesized on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V substrates using a hydrothermal method,and their surface morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.The piezoelectric characteristics of the coatings were analyzed using a piezoresponse force microscope.An in vitro biofilm model of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)was used,with barium titanate(BaTiO3)coatings serving as the control group.Under LIPUS intervention(1.0 W/cm2,1 MHz,10 min),the bacterial viability was assessed using colony counting to evaluate the antibacterial performance of the BaCuTiO4 coatings.Confocal microscopy was used to observe biofilm viability in different groups,assessing the biofilm removal capability of the coatings.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation in each group was detected using Rhodamine b as a probe to evaluate the catalytic efficiency of the coatings in generating ROS.Results Copper doping significantly reduced the piezoelectric coefficient of the coating(from 17.7 pm/V to 7.8 pm/V),bringing its piezoelectric performance closer to the requirements of natural bone tissues.Under LIPUS activation,the BaCuTiO4 coatings increased the generation efficiency of reactive oxygen species by 67.5％and effectively disrupted and removed biofilms formed by MRSA,achieving an antibacterial rate of 90.5％.Conclusions The BaCuTiO4 coatings achieve efficient antibacterial and biofilm-clearing functions through a piezoelectric-catalytic synergistic mechanism.Their piezoelectric properties are well-matched with natural bone tissues,promoting implant osseointegration.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of copper-doped barium titanate(BaCuTiO4)piezoelectric materials combined with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)to activate their piezoelectric-catalytic synergistic effect for treating implant-associated infections.Methods BaCuTiO4 coatings were synthesized on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V substrates using a hydrothermal method,and their surface morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.The piezoelectric characteristics of the coatings were analyzed using a piezoresponse force microscope.An in vitro biofilm model of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)was used,with barium titanate(BaTiO3)coatings serving as the control group.Under LIPUS intervention(1.0 W/cm2,1 MHz,10 min),the bacterial viability was assessed using colony counting to evaluate the antibacterial performance of the BaCuTiO4 coatings.Confocal microscopy was used to observe biofilm viability in different groups,assessing the biofilm removal capability of the coatings.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation in each group was detected using Rhodamine b as a probe to evaluate the catalytic efficiency of the coatings in generating ROS.Results Copper doping significantly reduced the piezoelectric coefficient of the coating(from 17.7 pm/V to 7.8 pm/V),bringing its piezoelectric performance closer to the requirements of natural bone tissues.Under LIPUS activation,the BaCuTiO4 coatings increased the generation efficiency of reactive oxygen species by 67.5％and effectively disrupted and removed biofilms formed by MRSA,achieving an antibacterial rate of 90.5％.Conclusions The BaCuTiO4 coatings achieve efficient antibacterial and biofilm-clearing functions through a piezoelectric-catalytic synergistic mechanism.Their piezoelectric properties are well-matched with natural bone tissues,promoting implant osseointegration.

Objective:To analyze the factors influencing the prognoses of stroke survivors with pseudobulbar palsy (PBP) dysphagia and construct a prediction model.Methods:Data on two hundred and fifty-one stroke survivors with PBP dysphagia were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The subjects were divided into a good prognosis group ( n=164) and a poor prognosis group ( n=87) according to the results of Kubota water swallowing tests administered at discharge. Their clinical data were analyzed using univariate correlation analysis, and the statistically significant independent variables found were further analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to obtain the important predictors of prognosis. R software was then used to assemble the useful factors into a nomogram prediction model. The area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was employed to verify the model′s predictive power. Results:According to the univariate correlation analysis, significant differences were found between the two groups′ average National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, mouth opening grades and ages. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NIHSS score, mouth opening grade and age could be useful and independent predictors of poor prognosis. The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for the nomogram model was 0.727, with a sensitivity of 59.8% and a specificity of 81.6%, suggesting that the model had good predictive power and was properly calibrated.Conclusions:NIHSS score, mouth opening grade and age are independent predictors of prognosis for stroke patients with PBP dysphagia. The nomogram model constructed in this study is of great value in developing a prognosis for such patients, which is helpful in the prevention and treatment of post-stroke dysphagia.

Objective:To analyze the factors influencing the prognoses of stroke survivors with pseudobulbar palsy (PBP) dysphagia and construct a prediction model.Methods:Data on two hundred and fifty-one stroke survivors with PBP dysphagia were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The subjects were divided into a good prognosis group ( n=164) and a poor prognosis group ( n=87) according to the results of Kubota water swallowing tests administered at discharge. Their clinical data were analyzed using univariate correlation analysis, and the statistically significant independent variables found were further analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to obtain the important predictors of prognosis. R software was then used to assemble the useful factors into a nomogram prediction model. The area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was employed to verify the model′s predictive power. Results:According to the univariate correlation analysis, significant differences were found between the two groups′ average National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, mouth opening grades and ages. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NIHSS score, mouth opening grade and age could be useful and independent predictors of poor prognosis. The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for the nomogram model was 0.727, with a sensitivity of 59.8% and a specificity of 81.6%, suggesting that the model had good predictive power and was properly calibrated.Conclusions:NIHSS score, mouth opening grade and age are independent predictors of prognosis for stroke patients with PBP dysphagia. The nomogram model constructed in this study is of great value in developing a prognosis for such patients, which is helpful in the prevention and treatment of post-stroke dysphagia.

Objective:To investigate the quality status and problems of pharmaceutical excipient soluble starch,and to evaluate its quality attributes.Methods:A total of 28 batches of samples from 5 manufacturers were tested accord-ing the current quality standard.Exploratory research were carried out and the quality differences of soluble starch were evaluated.Results:According to the current standard,2 batches of samples were unqualified,accounting for 7.1％of the total.The exploratory research have found that some differences in soluble starch were due to the differ-ent plant sources.The contents of mycotoxin were higher in soluble starch derived from the maize.Attention should be paid to its risk.The powder flowability was related to the particle sizes of soluble starch.The particle sizes of solu-ble starch derived from the potatoes were bigger and the flowability was better than soluble starch from maize and tapi-oca.The dynamic moisture adsorption of potato derived soluble starch was higher.Conclusion:The quality of soluble starch was evaluated as general.A example has been set for the follow-up preparation research through the quality evaluation and research.It is significance for the development of traditional Chinese medicine preparation.

Objective To investigate the effects of Forkhead box protein O3a(FoxO3a)on M2 polarization and ferroptosis of macrophages in allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods Nasal lavage fluids were collected from 30 patients with AR and 30 healthy volunteers,while nasal mucosa samples were obtained from 3 AR patients and 3 healthy volunteers.The levels of FoxO3a in nasal lavage fluids were detected by ELISA.M0 macrophages were transfected with siRNA negative control plasmid(si-Con),siRNA FoxO3a plasmid(si-FoxO3a),pcDNA3.1-vector,or pcDNA3.1-FoxO3a plasmid,and then induced to polarize towards M2 type by interleukin-4(IL-4).M0 macrophages were set as the control group,IL-4 model group,IL-4+si-Con group,IL-4+si-FoxO3a group,IL-4+si-FoxO3a+nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)inhibitor ML385 group,IL-4+pcDNA3.1-vector group,and IL-4+pcDNA3.1-FoxO3a group.A co-culture system of M0 macrophages and human nasal epithelial cells(NECs)was established,and then divided into the NECs+M0 macrophages(control group),NECs+M2 macrophages(IL-4 model group),NECs+si-FoxO3a-transfected macrophages(IL-4+si-FoxO3a group)and NECs+si-FoxO3a-transfected macrophages+ML385(IL-4+si-FoxO3a+ML385 group).Apoptosis of NECs was detected by flow cytometry.C57BL/6 mice were divided into normal group,AR model group and shRNA-FoxO3a adeno-associated virus(AAV-sh-FoxO3a)group.HE staining was used to observe histopathological changes in nasal mucosa tissue,and flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of M2 macrophages in mouse nasal lavage fluids.The levels of IL-5,IL-13 and NECs mucin 5AC(MUC5AC)in mouse nasal lavage fluids were detected by ELISA;Western blot was used to detect the levels of FoxO3a,IL-10,arginase 1(Arg-1),Nrf2,heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4).Results Compared with the normal,the expression of FoxO3a was increased in nasal lavage fluids and nasal mucosa tissues of AR patients.Compared with the control group,the proportion of M2 macrophages and the levels of FoxO3a were increased in the IL-4 model group,while the expression levels of Nrf-2,HO-1 and GPX4 were decreased,and the levels of Fe2+and malondialdehyde(MDA)were increased(P<0.05).Compared with the IL-4 model group,these indicators were reversed in the IL-4+si-FoxO3a group.Compared with the IL-4 model group,the proportion of M2 macrophages was increased in the IL-4+pcDNA3.1-FoxO3a group.In the co-culture system,compared with the IL-4 model group,the apoptosis of NECs and MUC5AC secretion were decreased in the IL-4+si-FoxO3a group(P<0.05).ML385 reversed the protective effect of si-FoxO3a on NECs.Mice in the AAV-sh-FoxO3a group showed reduced nasal mucosa tissue damage,decreased levels of IL-5 and IL-13 in nasal lavage fluids,and a lower number of M2 macrophages,decreased level of FoxO3a in M2 macrophages,while increased expression of GPX4,Nrf2 and HO-1.Conclusion Interference with FoxO3a protein expression can inhibit macrophage ferroptosis,suppress M2 polarization,and reduce NECs damage,which is related to the activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway in macrophages.

Objective To investigate the effects of Forkhead box protein O3a(FoxO3a)on M2 polarization and ferroptosis of macrophages in allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods Nasal lavage fluids were collected from 30 patients with AR and 30 healthy volunteers,while nasal mucosa samples were obtained from 3 AR patients and 3 healthy volunteers.The levels of FoxO3a in nasal lavage fluids were detected by ELISA.M0 macrophages were transfected with siRNA negative control plasmid(si-Con),siRNA FoxO3a plasmid(si-FoxO3a),pcDNA3.1-vector,or pcDNA3.1-FoxO3a plasmid,and then induced to polarize towards M2 type by interleukin-4(IL-4).M0 macrophages were set as the control group,IL-4 model group,IL-4+si-Con group,IL-4+si-FoxO3a group,IL-4+si-FoxO3a+nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)inhibitor ML385 group,IL-4+pcDNA3.1-vector group,and IL-4+pcDNA3.1-FoxO3a group.A co-culture system of M0 macrophages and human nasal epithelial cells(NECs)was established,and then divided into the NECs+M0 macrophages(control group),NECs+M2 macrophages(IL-4 model group),NECs+si-FoxO3a-transfected macrophages(IL-4+si-FoxO3a group)and NECs+si-FoxO3a-transfected macrophages+ML385(IL-4+si-FoxO3a+ML385 group).Apoptosis of NECs was detected by flow cytometry.C57BL/6 mice were divided into normal group,AR model group and shRNA-FoxO3a adeno-associated virus(AAV-sh-FoxO3a)group.HE staining was used to observe histopathological changes in nasal mucosa tissue,and flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of M2 macrophages in mouse nasal lavage fluids.The levels of IL-5,IL-13 and NECs mucin 5AC(MUC5AC)in mouse nasal lavage fluids were detected by ELISA;Western blot was used to detect the levels of FoxO3a,IL-10,arginase 1(Arg-1),Nrf2,heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4).Results Compared with the normal,the expression of FoxO3a was increased in nasal lavage fluids and nasal mucosa tissues of AR patients.Compared with the control group,the proportion of M2 macrophages and the levels of FoxO3a were increased in the IL-4 model group,while the expression levels of Nrf-2,HO-1 and GPX4 were decreased,and the levels of Fe2+and malondialdehyde(MDA)were increased(P<0.05).Compared with the IL-4 model group,these indicators were reversed in the IL-4+si-FoxO3a group.Compared with the IL-4 model group,the proportion of M2 macrophages was increased in the IL-4+pcDNA3.1-FoxO3a group.In the co-culture system,compared with the IL-4 model group,the apoptosis of NECs and MUC5AC secretion were decreased in the IL-4+si-FoxO3a group(P<0.05).ML385 reversed the protective effect of si-FoxO3a on NECs.Mice in the AAV-sh-FoxO3a group showed reduced nasal mucosa tissue damage,decreased levels of IL-5 and IL-13 in nasal lavage fluids,and a lower number of M2 macrophages,decreased level of FoxO3a in M2 macrophages,while increased expression of GPX4,Nrf2 and HO-1.Conclusion Interference with FoxO3a protein expression can inhibit macrophage ferroptosis,suppress M2 polarization,and reduce NECs damage,which is related to the activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway in macrophages.

Objective:To report the first case of sever fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in Puyang city, and to study the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of S, M, L fragments of the SFTSV isolate.Methods:The epidemiological characteristics of this case was analyzed with epidemiological methods. SFTSV was isolated from the patient′s serum sample. Nucleic acid of SFTSV was extracted and detected by fluorescent RT-PCR. A multiplex PCR method was constructed to amplify the nucleic acid sequence of the virus. whole-genome sequencing was performed on the next-generation sequencing platform. MEGA11 and DNAStar was used for homology analysis and a phylogenetic tree was constructed.Results:Epidemiological investigation showed that the patient and his close contacts had no history of travel or tick bite within 14 d, but had a history of fieldwork. The patient′s serum sample was positive for SFTSV nucleic acid. Genetic analysis showed that the S, M, L gene fragments of the first SFTSV isolate in Puyang belonged to genotype E. This isolate shared 94.8%-99.6%, 94.0%-99.8% and 95.7%-99.7% nucleotide sequence homology with the representative strains acquired from GeneBank in S, M, L gene fragments, respectively.Conclusions:This case was the first case of SFTSV-caused severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Puyang. The SFTSV isolate shared a close homology with domestic isolates, but its genotype was significantly different from the SFTSV strains isolated in Henan in recent years, indicating that it might an imported case from other places in Henan Province or Hubei Province. Disease monitoring and professional training for medical personnel should be strengthened and more attention should be paid to the evolution and mutation of SFTSV.

ObjectiveTo preliminarily establish and verify the quantitative diagnosis method of dampness syndrome of colorectal adenoma， so as to provide evidence for the diagnosis of colorectal adenoma syndrome. MethodsThis study included 334 patients with colorectal adenoma， who were grouped into 200 in the training group and 134 in the validation group by clinical visits chronologically. According to the data from the four examinations of traditional Chinese medicine， patients in training group were subgrouped into dampness syndrome subgroup and non-dampness syndrome subgroup. After eliminating items with response rate less than 3%， the factors showed statistical difference in frequency between the subgroups were screened as diagnostic items. The diagnostic items were assigned scores using the conditional probability formula conversion method， and the diagnostic thresholds and grading criteria were determined by the maximum likelihood discriminant method， so as to establish the quantitative criteria preliminarily. Retrospective and prospective tests were conducted respectively on patients in training group and validation group， including the sensitivity， specificity， accuracy， positive likelihood ratio and other indexes， to evaluate the quantitative criteria. ResultsThe training group included 176 participants as dampness syndrome subgroup and 24 participants as non-dampness syndrome subgroup， who applied 40 diagnostic items， and 19 related factors were identified as significant differences. After assigning the scores in turn， the quantitative diagnostic threshold was determined as 45， and the quantitative diagnostic criteria for colorectal adenoma with dampness syndrome were as follows： greasy coating （7 scores）， thick coating （8 scores）， heaviness of head （9 scores）， heaviness of whole body （6 scores）， heaviness of limbs （6 scores）， sticky and greasy stool （6 scores）， sticky and greasy mouth （10 scores）， obesity （6 scores）， sleepiness （12 scores）， laziness （13 scores）， epigastric fullness （8 scores）， abdominal distension and pain （11 scores）， lumbar and knee aches and heaviness （8 scores）， joint and muscle aches and pains （9 scores）， loose stools （12 scores）， fetid mouth odor （15 scores）， slippery pulse （8 scores）， overabundance of eye secretion （7 scores）， and large touge （10 scores）. Grading criteria： 45 ≤ points ＜ 61 as mild， 61 ≤ points ≤ 104 as moderate， points ＞ 104 as severe. In the test retrospective of the training group involving 200 patients， the sensitivity， specificity， accuracy， and positive likelihood ratio were 86.36%， 95.83%， 87.50%， and 20.73 respectively； In the test prospective of the verification group involving 134 patients， the sensitivity， specificity， accuracy， and positive likelihood ratio were 76.64%%， 96.30%， 80.60%， and 20.69， respectively. ConclusionIt is effective to diagnose and identify the dampness syndrome of colorectal adenoma by preliminarily establish a quantitative diagnostic method with a combined model of disease and evidence， and the method may provide support for future related studies.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal characteristics of human brucellosis in Henan Province.Methods:Data of human brucellosis in Henan Province from 2005 to 2021 were collected through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and a descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic profile of brucellosis in Henan Province and the three distribution characteristics. Global and local spatial autocorrelation were used to analyze the spatial distribution and the hot spots of brucellosis in Henan Province, respectively, and spatiotemporal scanning was used to analyze the spatiotemporal clustering regions of brucellosis in Henan Province.Results:A total of 39 862 brucellosis cases were reported in Henan Province from 2005 to 2021, with an average annual incidence of 2.44/100 000, and the number of cases showed an overall increasing trend each year (χ 2trend = 11 127.85, P = 0.001). The onset months were mainly concentrated from March to July, accounting for 59.00% (23 517/39 862), with May as the peak (5 478 cases). Cases of brucellosis were reported in 157 counties (cities, districts) of the province. The ratio of male to female was 2.52∶1.00 (28 542/11 320). Farmers were the main occupation, with 32 985 cases (82.75%). The age of onset was mainly 45 to 65 years old, with 20 226 cases (50.74%). The global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the global Moran's I was > 0, Z > 1.96, and P < 0.05 in all years except 2006 - 2008, showing spatial clustering. Further local spatial autocorrelation analysis was performed, and high-high and low-low clustering areas existed in 2012 - 2021 ( P < 0.01). Spatiotemporal scanning analysis showed that there was one spatiotemporal cluster in the high incidence area and two spatiotemporal clusters in the low incidence area. The high incidence cluster was centered in Neixiang County, covering 48 counties (cities, districts) including Song County and Ruzhou City, and the aggregation time was from 2014 to 2021. The two low incidence clusters were centered in Yongcheng City and Boai County, covering 58 and 18 counties (cities, districts), respectively, and the aggregation time was 2016 - 2021 and 2005 - 2012, respectively. Conclusion:The overall incidence of brucellosis in Henan Province is on the rise from 2005 to 2021, with middle-aged and elderly male farmers as the main affected population, and there are spatiotemporal clusters of brucellosis in Henan Province.