Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of RNA-Specific adenosine deaminase 3 (Adar3) in regulating macrophage polarization during Coxsackievirus B3(CVB3)-induced viral myocarditis (VM). Methods Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) from mice were cultured in vitro and induced into M1/M2 macrophages using interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interleukin 4 (IL-4), respectively. The mRNA expression levels of Adar1, Adar2, and Adar3 in each group of cells were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Specific siRNAs targeting the Adar3 gene were designed, synthesized, and transiently transfected into M2 macrophages. The mRNA levels of M2 polarization-related marker genes-including arginase 1 (Arg1), chitinase 3-like molecule 3 (YM1/Chi3l3), and resistin-like molecule alpha (RELMα/FIZZ1)-were detected by qRT-PCR. RNA sequencing was performed to analyze the signaling pathways affected by Adar3. The expression levels of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were further validated using qRT-PCR and Western blot. The adeno-associated virus overexpressing Adar3 was designed, synthesized, and injected into mice via tail vein. Three weeks later, a myocarditis mouse model was established. After an additional week, the phenotype and function of cardiac macrophages, as well as multiple indicators of VM (including echocardiography, body weight, histopathology and serology) were examined. Additionally, the protein levels of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were assessed. Results Compared to M0-type macrophages, the expression level of Adar3 was significantly increased in M2-type macrophages. After transfection of Adar3 siRNA, the mRNA levels of Arg1, YM1 and FIZZ1 in M2 macrophages were downregulated. RNA sequencing revealed 149 upregulated genes and 349 downregulated genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and subsequent validation experiments indicated that Adar3 modulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In vivo experiments demonstrated that Adar3 overexpression alleviated the cardiac dysfunction of VM mice. The proportion of M1 macrophages in the heart decreased, while the proportion of M2 macrophages increased. At the same time, the Adar3 overexpression activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusion Adar3 promotes macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby alleviating VM.
Animals ; Adenosine Deaminase/metabolism* ; Macrophages/immunology* ; Wnt Signaling Pathway/genetics* ; Myocarditis/immunology* ; Mice ; Coxsackievirus Infections/metabolism* ; Male ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Enterovirus B, Human/physiology* ; beta Catenin/genetics*

AIM: To analyze the distribution frequency of gene polymorphisms of β receptor blockers, angiotensin receptor antagonists, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and diuretics in hypertensive patients from southern Anhui province, and provide a theoretical basis for gene detection of hypertension drugs and personalized medication. METHODS: Drug gene testing information from 839 hospitalized patients with hypertension at Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College from July 2021 to April 2023 were collected, and the distribution frequency of each gene locus were analyzed. RESULTS: The genotype frequencies of ACE (I/D) I/I, I/D, and D/D were 42.1%, 46.0%, and 11.9%, respectively. the genotype frequencies of ADRB1 (1165G>C) G/G, G/C, and C/C were 8.3%, 40.0%, and 51.6%, respectively. The genotype frequencies of AGTR1 (1166A>C) A/A, A/C, and C/C were 90.2%, 9.8%, and 0.0%. The genotype frequencies of CYP2C9*3 (1075A>C) *1/*1, *1/*3, and *3/*3 were 91.3%, 8.7%, and 0.0%, respectively; the genotype frequencies of CYP2D6* 10 (100C > T) *1/*1, *1/*10, and *10/*10 were 25.0%, 36.6%, and 38.4%, respectively. The genotype frequencies of CYP3A5*3 (6986A>G) *1/*1, *1/*3, and *3/*3 were 7.0%, 39.0%, and 54.0%, respectively. The frequencies of NPPA (2238T>C) T/T, T / C, and C / C genotypes were 97.9%, 2.1%, and 0.0%, respectively. In addition, there was a significant difference in the genotype distribution frequency of multiple drug related gene loci in southern Anhui compared to other regions in China (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: The genotype distribution frequency of hypertensive drug related gene loci had certain bias in southern Anhui, and were significant different from other regions in China, indicating that conducting genetic polymorphism testing of hypertensive drugs had certain guiding significance for the individualized application of hypertensive drugs in southern Anhui.

Abstract In order to achieve the goal of reducing the smoking rate among Chinese adults at ages of 15 years and above to below 20% by 2030, smoking cessation services require to be reinforced. The current Chinese smoking cessation service system includes short-term smoking cessation interventions and smoking cessation hotlines at the population level, and smoking cessation clinics at the individual level; however, these smoking cessation services suffer from problems of low awareness, low accessibility and low utilization rate. Based on the publications pertaining to smoking cessation services and released policy documents in China until June 2022, this review analyzes the current status, problems and causes of smoking cessation services, and proposes suggestions for improving the smoking cessation service system construction in China.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of gamma oscillation in chronic insomnia patients with anxiety and depression, and to investigate its underlying neural mechanism.Methods:According to the anxiety and depression scores, the subjects with chronic insomnia who met the diagnostic criteria were divided into chronic insomnia with anxiety and depression group ( n=19) and chronic insomnia group ( n=13). Healthy subjects matched with age, gender, and educational background were selected as the normal control group ( n=16). The EEGs from the three groups under resting state and cognitive load state were collected.The relative gamma power was then calculated by fast Fourier transform.The spatial distribution pattern of the gamma oscillation in the three groups was analyzed.Spearman correlation analysis was employed to quantify the correlation between relative gamma powers and sleep scale, anxiety and depression scale scores. Results:In the resting state, the relative gamma power in the chronic insomnia with anxiety and depression, chronic insomnia and normal control group was 0.192 1±0.008 0, 0.210 3±0.009 6, 0.237 3±0.006 4, respectively.In the cognitive load state, the relative gamma power in the three groups increased compared with those in the resting state (0.220 7±0.008 1, 0.249 5±0.009 8, 0.267 7±0.007 2, respectively) (all P<0.05). In the resting state, the relative gamma power (F3, F4, C3, C4, P3, P4, O2, F8, T4) in the chronic insomnia with anxiety and depression group (0.179 9±0.009 7) and the chronic insomnia group (0.194 4±0.010 4) was lower than that in control (0.236 0±0.012 0, P<0.05). In the cognitive load state, the relative gamma power (F3, C3, C4, P3, P4, T4) in the chronic insomnia with anxiety and depression group (0.207 3±0.009 7) was lower than that in control (0.259 1±0.009 4)( P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the relative gamma power in the nodes(F3, C3, P3)and the insomnia, anxiety and depression in the three groups(correlation coefficient r=-0.467--0.274, P<0.05). Conclusion:Chronic insomnia patients with anxiety and depression are often accompanied by cognitive dysfunction.The loss of gamma oscillation in left posterior, left central and left apex may be one of the potential neural mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction in chronic insomnia patients with anxiety and depression.

Objective To detect altered levels and clinical significance of serum miR-216a and prognosis monitoring in acute pancreatitis (AP) patients.Methods Serum miR-216a levels were determined by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assay among 80 mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) patients,80 severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients and 74 healthy controls.And amylase (AMY),lipase (LPS),Ca2+,glucose (Glu),hematocrit (HCT),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC) and C reactive protein (CRP) were measured by biochemical analyzer.The clinical usefulness of miR-216a for AP patients was assessed by ROC curve analysis and correlation analysis.Results Compared with healthy controls (11.12 × 10-5 [5.83 × 10-5,19.12 × 10-5],the serum miR216a levels were significantly increased in AP patients(38.49 × 10-5 [24.05 × 10-5,62.02 × 10-5],(U =-9.10,P ＜ 0.01) . The serum miR-216a levels in MAP and SAP patients were (36.46 × 10-5 [22.29 × 10-5,55.80 × 10-5] vs 40.44 × 10-5 [25.84 × 10-5,65.48 × 10-5]),there was no significant difference between MAP and SAP patients (U =-0.96,P ＞ 0.05).The areas under ROC curve (AUCROC) of miR-216a for differential healthy controls and AP patients was 0.870 (95％ CI:0.825-0.915),cut-off value is 0.61.AUCROC of miR-216a for differential healthy controls and MAP patients was 0.865 (95％ CI:0.808-0.921),cut-off value is 0.59.And AUCROC of miR-216a for differential healthy controls and SAP patients was 0.876 (95％ CI:0.822-0.930),cut-off value is 0.66.Moreover,after the clinical improvement of the patients,the levels of serum miR-216a were significantly lowered from (41.88 × 10-5 [24.24 × 10-s,64.44 × 10-5]) to (20.58 × 10-5 [11.01 × 10-5,41.91 × 10-5]),the differences was significant(U =5.24,P ＜ 0.0l).Correlation analysis showed that miR-216a was positively correlated with CRP (r =0.215,P =0.006) in AP patients.Conclusion The levels of miR-216a in serum of AP patients were increased,which is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis monitoring of AP.

Objective To analyze the changes of serum levels ofαII-spectrin breakdown products (SBDPs)in traumatic brain inj ury (TBI)patients,and further to investigate the clinical diagnosis value of SBDPs for patients with TBI,especially with mTBI.Methods The serum levels of SBDPs were examined in 43 severe TBI (sTBI)patients,43 mild TBI (mTBI)patients and 43 healthy controls using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The diagnostic usefulness of SBDPs for TBI patients were assessed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)curves analysis.Results There was no significant difference of SBDP145 among the three groups (F=1.340,P>0.05).Serum levels of SBDP120 in controls,mTBI and con-trols were 7.06±2.23,11.67±9.14 and 12.64±11.44 ng/ml,respectively.Compared with controls,serum levels of SB-DP120 were significantly higher in patients with sTBI (F=9.873,P=0.001)and mTBI (F=9.873,P=0.008),while there was no significant difference of SBDP120 between sTBI patients and mTBI patients (F=9.873,P=0.515>0.05). The area under ROC curve (AUC)of SBDP120 for TBI patients was 0.781 (95% CI:0.690~0.872,P<0.001).For mTBI patients,the area under ROC curve was 0.736 (95% CI:0.624~0.848,P<0.001).And for discriminating TBI patients with CT negative or positive,the area under ROC curve was 0.709 (95% CI:0.582~0.837,P=0.007<0.01).Conclusion The serum levels of SBDP120 were significantly increased in TBI patients,especially mTBI patients.And the serum levels of SBDP120 can be used as potential non-invasive biomarker for mTBI patients.

Objective To determine the serum levels of miR-16,miR-126 and miR-221 in type 2 diabetes (T2DM)patients with or without microvascular complications,and further evaluate their clinical significance.Methods The serum levels of miR-16,miR-126 and miR-221were examined in 55 T2DM patients,55 T2DM patients with microvascular complications and 5 5 healthy controls using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).The levels of fasting blood glucose,triglycerides,choles-terol,high density lipoprotein,low density lipoprotein and others biochemical parameters were determined by biochemical an-alyzer,and the diagnostic usefulness of the three miRNAs for T2DM patients and patients with microvascular complications were assessed by ROC curve analysis and logistic regression analysis.Results Compared with healthy controls [miR-1 6 (14.35±1.00)×10-5 ,miR-126(11.75±1.47)×10-5 and miR-221(32.26±3.98)×10-5 ],the miR-16,miR-126 and miR-221 expression were significantly increased in T2DM patients [miR-16(23.74±2.70)×10-5,miR-126(25.01±4.13)× 10-5 and miR-221(84.76±11.79)×10-5 ]and T2DM patients with microvascular complications [miR-16(43.74±9.61)× 10-5 ,miR-126(17.66±2.20)×10-5 and miR-221(82.52±12.48)×10-5 ].The area under ROC curve (AUCROC)of miR-16,miR-126 and miR-221 for T2DM patients were 0.63 (95%CI 0.53~0.74),0.64 (95%CI 0.54~0.74)and 0.74 (95%CI 0.65~0.83),respectively.For T2DM patients with microvascular complications,the area under ROC curve were 0.75 (95%CI 0.66~0.84),0.62 (95%CI 0.52~0.73)and 0.73 (95%CI 0.64~0.83),respectively.Furthermore,logistic re-gression revealed that the three miRNAs were novel independent risk factors for T2DM and T2DMC.Conclusion The levels of miR-16,miR-126 and miR-221 were significantly increased in the serum of T2DM patients with or without microvascular complications,and can be used as potential non-invasive biomarkers and risk factors for T2DM patients and T2DM patients with microvascular complications.

Objective We tried to explore the puerperal women's nature demand for management of health quotient,so as to provide theoretical basis for the health quotient management mode of puerperal women.Methods The phenomenological methodology was used in the research.Data of fifteen puerperal women were collected by semi-structured interview and analyzed by Colaizzi method.Results Four themes were summarized:health consciousness,health needs,in-hospital education status,social support needs.Conclusions The health quotient management of puerperal women is feasible.Therefore,the health quotient management model of maternal dominance and medical staff,family,peer support will be one of the maternal and infant health care research.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutical effects of visfatin and metformin on insulin resistance and reproductive endocrine disorder in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

METHODSForty female Wistar rats were divided into 4 equal groups, and in groups A, B and C, the rats were injected subcutaneously with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) for PCOS modeling, with group D as the blank control injected with soybean oil. Vaginal smears and serological testing were taken to assess the modeling. After the modeling, the rats in group A received 10 µg reorganized visfatin injection and those in group B were treated with metformin (14 mg/100 g) on a daily basis for 15 days. Serum levels of T, LH, FSH, FINS and blood glucose levels during OGTT were measured before and after the treatments, and HOMA-IR and LH to FSH ratio were calculated. The ovaries were then dissected for pathological examination.

RESULTSIn groups A and B, FINS, FPG, T, HOMA-IR and blood glucose levels during OGTT were significantly decreased after the treatments (P<0.05), which resulted in recovery of regular menses in 8 (80%) rats in group A and 7 (77.8%) rats in group B with the development of normal follicles. Visfatin and metformin produced equivalent therapeutic effects in improving the insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in PCOS rats.

CONCLUSIONVisfatin and metformin have equivalent therapeutic effects in improving insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism and in promoting the recovery of regular menses and development of normal follicles in PCOS rats.

Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Metformin ; pharmacology ; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase ; pharmacology ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; complications ; drug therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar