Objective To analyze the factors affecting the prevalence of hyperuricemia(HUA)in an island troop.Methods A total of 1 113 soldiers stationed on an island from December 2021 to December 2022 were selected as research objects by cluster sampling.Their lifestyle and health information were collected.Physical examination and laboratory detection were conducted.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of HUA.Results The prevalence rate of HUA was 21.02%(234/1 113).There were significant differences in the body mass index(BMI),waist-to-hip ratio,triglyceride,alanine aminotransferase,and creatinine between the soldiers with hyperuricemia and the soldiers with normal blood uric acid(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI≥24(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.09-2.05),abnormal liver function(OR=2.26,95%CI:1.31-3.92),and dyslipidemia(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.01-2.12)were positively correlated with hyperuricemia;age>30 years old(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.37-0.93)and exercise time>1 h per week(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.22-0.97)were negatively correlated with HUA.Conclusion The prevalence rate of hyperuricemia is at a high level in an island troop.BMI≥24,age≤30 years old,exercise time≤1 h per week,abnormal liver function,and dyslipidemia are the risk factors for HUA.Prevention and control measures should be taken as early as possible for the soldiers with these risk factors.

Objective: To compare the changes in the concentration of relevant growth factors released from platelet-rich plasma (PRP) stored at -80℃ by cryopreservation and at 4℃ by refrigerated lyophilization over 2 years, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for prolonging PRP storage duration. Methods: PRP (n=15) was separated using a blood cell separator and stored under -80℃ cryopreservation (F-PRP group) and 4℃ refrigerated freeze-drying conditions (FD-PRP group). The contents of growth factors (PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, EGF, TGF-β1, and VEGF) in both groups were measured by ELISA at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 months. Results: PDGF-AA and VEGF maintained good stability in both groups for up to 24 months. PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 showed high stability in the first 12 months but their stability decreased gradually from 12th to 24th months. EGF demonstrated good stability in the first 6 months, and its stability gradually decreased from the 9th to 24th months. Comparing the F-PRP and FD-PRP groups, the concentrations of the five growth factors in the FD-PRP group were either not statistically different or higher than those in the F-PRP group at all time points. Specifically, the concentrations of EGF were significantly higher in the FD-PRP group at all time points. Conclusion: Both -80℃ freezing and 4℃ freeze-drying enable long-term preservation of PRP. Freeze-drying imposes less stringent storage requirements and facilitates growth factor compared to frozen storage.

Objective To explore the preferences and needs of colorectal cancer patients for"Internet+TCM nursing services",aiming to provide a basis for the improvement of service quality and the formulation of relevant policies,so as to better meet the needs of patients.Methods A total of 189 patients with colorectal cancer who were admitted to a tertiary A Chinese Medicine hospital in Qingdao from September 2023 to July 2024 were selected as the research subjects.A general data questionnaire and Questionnaire on"Internet+Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Service"Preference of Colorectal Cancer Patients were used with 6 attributes,including average out-of-pocket cost,nurse qualification,service waiting time,service mode,comprehensiveness of service content,and platform service evaluation,each attribute with 2 to 3 levels.The preference,payment intention of"Internet+TCM nursing services"were analyzed by constructing a mixed Logit model,and the influencing factors of choice preference of different colorectal cancer patients was explored through subgroup analysis.Results Totally 189 questionnaires were sent out,and 156 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective recovery rate of 82.54％.Among the respondents,112 patients(71.79％)actively accepted"Internet+TCM nursing services",and the attributes of"Internet+TCM nursing services"such as payment fee,service evaluation,service content and nurse qualification had an impact on nursing service preference of colorectal cancer patients(P＜0.05).Based on willingness to pay,the ranking of attributes was service evaluation,service content and nurse qualification.Factors such as education level and the presence of ostomy also affected the preference of"Internet+TCM nursing services"in patients with colorectal cancer(P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with colorectal cancer prefer"Internet+TCM nursing services",which has an average service cost of 50 yuan per time,excellent platform service evaluation,comprehensive service content,specialized TCM nurses.The preferences and specific characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer can be considered to optimize the allocation of nursing resources and provide services in line with their preferences.

With the rapid advancement of vaccines, the research and application of vaccine adjuvants have garnered significant attention. Despite the development of numerous vaccine adjuvants, their applications in human vaccines remain limited due to either insufficient efficacy or severe side effects. Consequently, there is growing interest in developing bioactive compounds derived from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) as vaccine adjuvants, owing to their natural biocompatibility, diversity, and safety. Here, we systematically review the current application status and potential value of TCM-based bioactive compounds in vaccine adjuvants. Firstly, we elaborate on the types and characteristics of active ingredients, such as polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, acids, and alkaloids. The mechanisms by which these compounds function as vaccine adjuvants are then discussed, including their roles in enhancing humoral immunity, cellular immunity, and relieving the immune suppression in the microenvironment. Additionally, we summarize the current strategies for structural modification and platform optimization to adapt to different application scenarios. Finally, we offer insights into the future development directions for these potential adjuvants, highlighting research priorities, technical approaches, and application prospects. In conclusion, natural vaccine adjuvants derived from TCMs present broad application prospects and hold promise for future vaccine development.

Monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)represent the most extensively utilized class of therapeutic proteins in clinical practice.While the majority of currently marketed mAbs are primarily employed for the treatment of non-infectious diseases,such as tumors and autoimmune disorders,the number of monoclonal antibody drugs approved globally for the prevention or treatment of infectious diseases has been progressively increasing since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.On March 25,2023,the World Health Organization(WHO)published the"Guidelines on the Non-Clinical and Clinical Evaluation of Monoclonal Antibodies and Related Products Intended for the Prevention or Treatment of Infectious Diseases".However,China has yet to release analogous guidelines.This article aims to elucidate the non-clinical evaluation aspects of monoclonal antibody drugs for infectious disease prevention and treatment as outlined in the WHO guidelines,with a focus on regulatory considerations,overarching principles of non-clinical evaluation,as well as pharmacodynamics,pharmacokinetics,and toxicology studies.It is intended to serve as a reference for the non-clinical research and evaluation of such novel drugs in China.

Monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)represent the most extensively utilized class of therapeutic proteins in clinical practice.While the majority of currently marketed mAbs are primarily employed for the treatment of non-infectious diseases,such as tumors and autoimmune disorders,the number of monoclonal antibody drugs approved globally for the prevention or treatment of infectious diseases has been progressively increasing since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.On March 25,2023,the World Health Organization(WHO)published the"Guidelines on the Non-Clinical and Clinical Evaluation of Monoclonal Antibodies and Related Products Intended for the Prevention or Treatment of Infectious Diseases".However,China has yet to release analogous guidelines.This article aims to elucidate the non-clinical evaluation aspects of monoclonal antibody drugs for infectious disease prevention and treatment as outlined in the WHO guidelines,with a focus on regulatory considerations,overarching principles of non-clinical evaluation,as well as pharmacodynamics,pharmacokinetics,and toxicology studies.It is intended to serve as a reference for the non-clinical research and evaluation of such novel drugs in China.

Objective To explore the preferences and needs of colorectal cancer patients for"Internet+TCM nursing services",aiming to provide a basis for the improvement of service quality and the formulation of relevant policies,so as to better meet the needs of patients.Methods A total of 189 patients with colorectal cancer who were admitted to a tertiary A Chinese Medicine hospital in Qingdao from September 2023 to July 2024 were selected as the research subjects.A general data questionnaire and Questionnaire on"Internet+Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Service"Preference of Colorectal Cancer Patients were used with 6 attributes,including average out-of-pocket cost,nurse qualification,service waiting time,service mode,comprehensiveness of service content,and platform service evaluation,each attribute with 2 to 3 levels.The preference,payment intention of"Internet+TCM nursing services"were analyzed by constructing a mixed Logit model,and the influencing factors of choice preference of different colorectal cancer patients was explored through subgroup analysis.Results Totally 189 questionnaires were sent out,and 156 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective recovery rate of 82.54％.Among the respondents,112 patients(71.79％)actively accepted"Internet+TCM nursing services",and the attributes of"Internet+TCM nursing services"such as payment fee,service evaluation,service content and nurse qualification had an impact on nursing service preference of colorectal cancer patients(P＜0.05).Based on willingness to pay,the ranking of attributes was service evaluation,service content and nurse qualification.Factors such as education level and the presence of ostomy also affected the preference of"Internet+TCM nursing services"in patients with colorectal cancer(P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with colorectal cancer prefer"Internet+TCM nursing services",which has an average service cost of 50 yuan per time,excellent platform service evaluation,comprehensive service content,specialized TCM nurses.The preferences and specific characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer can be considered to optimize the allocation of nursing resources and provide services in line with their preferences.

Objective To understand the internal quality control(IQC)situation of routine biochemical projects in Guizhou Province from 2020 to 2022,and to use the analysis batch length sigma rule to select the appropriate IQC strategy for routine biochemical projects.Methods A sum of 41,41 and 52 laboratories were selected from the laboratories participating in the first external quality assessment(EQA)program of the routine biochemical project in the Guizhou Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratory from 2020 to 2022,which uniformly used two concentration levels of internal quality control products produced by Randox Company in the UK.The coefficient of variation(CV)was calculated based on their IQC information,and then these CV values were used to compare with imprecise performance specifications such as WS/T403-2012 standards.The IQC situation of routine biochemical projects of Guizhou Province in recent years was analyzed.Randomly 15 laboratories were selected each year to report the results of the triglyceride project,and their σ values were calculated.Based on the Westgard sigma rule flowcharts of the analysis batch length,appropriate quality control strategies were selected and the quality goal index(QGI)was calculated to evaluate analytical performance of laboratory detection system.Results In the current monthly CV,the proportion of laboratories that met the WS/T403-2012 standards for Ca and TP projects was relatively low,while the pass rates for 7 projects(P,CK,LDH and other projects)were all above 80%,showing an increasing trend year by year.The proportion of laboratories with the 7 projects(P,CK,LDH and other projects)meeting the performance specifications for biomedical variation(appropriate)all reached 90%,while the proportion of laboratories with 5 projects(Na,Ca,Cl and other projects)was relatively low.The proportion of 10 projects such as P,CK,and LDH in cumulative CV of laboratories that met the performance specifications for biomedical variation(appropriate)was over 90%.For the triglyceride project,from 2020 to 2022,there were 2,5 and 13 laboratories that reached 6 σ horizontal.Compared to values of 2020 and 2021 years,the trend of σ values changes of 2022 was increasing(t=3.855,3.511,P≤0.001),indicating that the analytical performance of these laboratories was getting better and better.Conclusion The IQC levels of routine biochemical projects in Guizhou Province were increasing year by year.The Westgard sigma rule of the analysis batch length is designed with personalized quality control rules for various laboratories in Guizhou Province,thus improving laboratory testing capabilities and better severing clinics.

Organ transplantation is the optimal treatment for end-stage organ failure. Nevertheless, organ shortage is a global problem, which limits further development of organ transplantation. Recent research shows that genetically modified pig may become a realistic alternative source of clinical organ transplantation donor. Xenotransplantation may serve as one of the effective measures to resolve the problem of organ shortage. Since 2021, 2 cases of living xenotransplantation and 6 cases of xenotransplantation in brain death recipients have been performed worldwide, and phase Ⅰ clinical trial of xenotransplantation has been launched, and the results have exceeded expectations. Therefore, in this article, recent clinical trial results of xenotransplantation in living and brain death recipients were retrospectively analyzed, and scientific, technical and ethical issues related to clinical research of xenotransplantation were illustrated, hoping to provide reference for clinical research of xenotransplantation in China and promote the development of xenotransplantation in clinical practice.