Objective:To explore the short- and medium-term clinical outcomes of covered stent implantation in the treatment of transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 12 consecutive patients with TRAS (transplant renal artery stenosis) who underwent covered stent implantation in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2021 to December 2024. The changes in indicators such as serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), mean arterial pressure (MAP), peak systolic velocity (PSV), intrarenal resistance index (RI), and the diameter of the stenotic site were analyzed before the operation, one week after the operation, six months after the operation, and 12 months after the operation. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to investigate the changes of each observation index over time.Results:The surgery was successfully performed on all 12 patients, with a technical success rate of 100%. Among them, 8 cases used self-expanding covered stents, and 4 cases used balloon-expandable covered stents. One week, six months and twelve months after the surgery, the levels of Cr, BUN, PSV and MAP were all lower than those before the surgery. The RI and the diameter of the stenotic site were significantly increased compared with those before the surgery, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). During the perioperative period and the postoperative follow-up period, no surgery-related complications were found. Conclusion:The implantation of the covered stent can effectively relieve the stenosis of the transplant renal artery, significantly improve renal function, and reduce blood pressure levels in TRAS patients, while maintaining excellent short-to medium-term clinical outcomes.

Objective:To explore the short- and medium-term clinical outcomes of covered stent implantation in the treatment of transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 12 consecutive patients with TRAS (transplant renal artery stenosis) who underwent covered stent implantation in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2021 to December 2024. The changes in indicators such as serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), mean arterial pressure (MAP), peak systolic velocity (PSV), intrarenal resistance index (RI), and the diameter of the stenotic site were analyzed before the operation, one week after the operation, six months after the operation, and 12 months after the operation. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to investigate the changes of each observation index over time.Results:The surgery was successfully performed on all 12 patients, with a technical success rate of 100%. Among them, 8 cases used self-expanding covered stents, and 4 cases used balloon-expandable covered stents. One week, six months and twelve months after the surgery, the levels of Cr, BUN, PSV and MAP were all lower than those before the surgery. The RI and the diameter of the stenotic site were significantly increased compared with those before the surgery, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). During the perioperative period and the postoperative follow-up period, no surgery-related complications were found. Conclusion:The implantation of the covered stent can effectively relieve the stenosis of the transplant renal artery, significantly improve renal function, and reduce blood pressure levels in TRAS patients, while maintaining excellent short-to medium-term clinical outcomes.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of laser-assisted balloon angioplasty(LABA)in treating patients with infrapopliteal arterial occlusion complicated by critical limb ischemia(CLI).Methods The clinical data of patients with infrapopliteal artery occlusion complicated by CLI,who were admitted to the Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital to receive LABA(LABA group)or balloon angioplasty alone(BA group)between January 2019 and December 2021,were retrospectively analyzed.The incidence of perioperative complications and postoperative clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups.Results A total of 32 patients received LABA therapy and 40 patients received BA alone.The technical success rate,the postoperative ankle-brachial index(ABI),the numerical value of postoperative ABI value deducting preoperative ABI value,the postoperative 24-month continuous improvement rate of clinical symptoms and the primary patency rate of target vessels in the LABA group were remarkably higher than those in the BA group(all P＜0.05).No procedure-related target vessel perforation,amputation,or death occurred in both groups.No statistically significant differences in the target vessel dissection,distal embolism,remedial stenting,and postoperative 24-month amputation-free survival existed between the groups(all P＞0.05).Conclusion For the infrapopliteal arterial occlusion complicated by CLI,LABA therapy is clinically safe and effective,and its mid-term efficacy is superior to BA alone.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of excimer laser atherectomy (ELA) combined with drug-coated balloon (DCB) in the treatment of femoropopliteal arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) and its influencing factors.Methods:The clinical data of patients with femoropopliteal ASO treated by ELA combined with DCB from July 2019 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including technical success rate, ankle-brachial index(ABI), primary patency rate and freedom from target lesion revascularization (TLR) rate. Cox regression was applied to analyze the risk factors affecting the decline in the rate of primary patency and freedom from TLR.Results:All 82 patients were treated with ELA+DCB. The technical success was 91.5%. The post-operative ABI (0.73±0.13) was significantly higher than preoperative ABI (0.39±0.11) ( t=35.26, P<0.001). The 24-month cumulative primary patency and TLR-free rates were 64.1% and 76.8%, respectively. Lesion length>15 cm ( HR=2.57, P=0.047) and severe calcification ( HR=3.26, P=0.021) were associated with loss of primary patency. Having diabetes ( HR=5.24, P=0.010) and a single postoperative outflow tract ( HR=4.18, P=0.008) were associated with a decrease in TLR-free rates. Conclusions:ELA combined with DCB for femoropopliteal ASO is safe and has good intermediate efficacy. Lesion length>15 cm and severe calcification were independent risk factors for primary patency rate, and diabetes and a single postoperative outflow tract were independent risk factors for TLR-free rate.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for retrograde type A dissection (RTAD) associated with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) which provided the basis for clinical risk stratification and treatment decision.Methods:The clinical data of 1 688 patients with thoracic aortic disease who underwent TEVAR in our center from January 2004 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The pathological classification included aortic dissection (1 592 cases) and other thoracic aortic diseases (96 cases). Univariate analysis and categorical multiple logistic regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors for the development of RTAD during or after TEVAR.Results:A total of 18 cases of RTAD were found, with an overall incidence of 1.1% (18/1 688), all of which occurred in aortic dissection group. After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of RTAD was significantly decreased(OR=0.27,95%CI 0.07-0.96, P=0.043) when the oversize of stentgraft was 11%-20%, the oversize of stentgraft was ≤10% as the control group, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). The ascending aorta diameter was <40 mm as the control group, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of RTAD between the ≥40 mm group and the control group(OR=2.71,95%CI 0.94-7.84, P=0.065). Conclusions:Aortic dissection is more likely to develop RTAD than other thoracic aortic diseases. A proper stentgraft oversizing ratio could reduce the probability of RTAD. That is to say that a too low stentgraft oversizing ratio is not recommended.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the home-made umbrella-shaped Octoparms inferior vena cava filter in the prevention of pulmonary embolism.Methods:A multicenter, randomized, positive parallel controlled, non-inferiority clinical trial was conducted in ten hospitals in China from October 2017 to March 2019. A total of 188 subjects were enrolled according to the same inclusion and exclusion criteria in different institutes. The 188 subjects were randomly divided into the trial group or the control group according to 1∶1 by the central randomization system, with 94 cases in each group. Octoparms inferior vena cava filter was used in the trial group, and the Celect inferior vena cava filter in the control group. The primary effective index was clinical success rate,including the clinical success rate of filter placement and filter retrieval. The secondary index included the rate of manual success of the delivery sheath system,incidence of pulmonary embolism(within 6 months), incidence of filter fracture,migration (>20 mm),tilt(>15°) on insertion/retrieval,and the situation of inferior vena cava flow(within 6 months). Safety evaluation included the incidence of filter related complications and device-related adverse events immediately after surgery and during follow-up.Results:The success rate of implantation was 100% in 188 subjects. Filter retrieval was performed in 87 cases (92.55%) in the trial group and 91 cases (96.81%) in the control group. The clinical success rate of the trial group was 97.87%(92/94) and that of the control group 98.94%(93/94). There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ 2=0.77, P=0.380). The success rate of delivery sheath system was 96.81%(91/94) and 98.94%(93/94) in the trail group and the control group,respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups( P=0.621). There was 1 case (1.22%) of new asymptomatic pulmonary embolism in the trial group after filter placement and 2 cases (2.44%) in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). No filter fracture or migration (>20 mm) occurred in either group. The tilting of filter (>15°) was found in 1 case (1.06%) in the test group and 1 case (1.06%) in the control group when the filter was placed. The tilting of filter (>15°) was found in 0 case in the test group and 2 cases (2.44%) in the control group when the filter was retrieved. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). Inferior vena cava thrombosis before filter retrieval was found in 5 cases (5.75%) in trial group and 3 cases (3.30%) in control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P=0.489). There were no immediate serious complications during filter placement/removal in either group. No filter obstruction,migration,deformation,penetration and occlusion of inferior vena cava. The incidence of device-related adverse events was low in both group. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The home-made umbrella-shaped Octoparms inferior vena cava filter is effective and safe in preventing pulmonary embolism, and is not worse than Celect filter.

Objective:To evaluate multi-channel transcatheter embolotherapy for type Ⅱ endoleak originating from lumbar arteries after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR).Methods:Data of 8 cases of type Ⅱ endoleak after EVAR from Oct 2017 to Nov 2020 at the Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results:All patients who suffered from type Ⅱ endoleak that originated from lumbar arteries after EVAR were successfully treated with coils and mixture of Compant medical glue and iodipin through multi-channel. The technical success rate was 100%, the operative time was 80-150 min. Right lower limb dyskinesia occurred in 1 patient after operation, the symptom disappeared by anticoagulation and trophic neurotherapy for 2 months. Type Ⅱ endoleak didn't recur in all patients, and no mortality during the 4-38(14.1) months follow-up period.Conclusion:Multi-channel transcatheter embolotherapy has definite effects for the treatment of type Ⅱ endoleak from lumbar arteries after EVAR, with high technical feasibility, few perioperative complications, low mortality among other advantages. The results of short and medium term are satisfactory.

Objective:To study the treatment outcomes of transjugular intrahepatic portal shunt (TIPS) on refractory hepatic sinus obstruction syndrome (HSOS) caused by Gynura segetum.Methods:The clinical data of 15 patients with refractory HSOS caused by Gynura segetum treated at the Department of Vascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2017 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 7 males and 8 females, with ages ranging from 30 to 85 years, mean ± s. d. (61.2±14.1) years. Albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamyl transferase, and portal vein pressure were compared before and after TIPS. The liver function and renal function of these patients were followed up.Results:When compared with pre-operation, the albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and other indexes were significantly improved after TIPS (all P<0.05). The portal vein pressure of 15 patients significantly decreased from the preoperative volume of (41.7±3.5) cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa) to (28.3±4.4) cmH 2O ( t=10.41, P<0.001). The preoperative liver function was Child-Pugh grade A in 1 patient, grade B in 8 patients, grade C in 6 patients. The postoperative Child-Pugh grading was grade A in 14 patients and grade B in 1 patient. Ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, abdominal distention and spontaneous peritonitis all disappeared in these 15 patients. Postoperative hepatic encephalopathy developed in 2 patients and hepatic myelopathy in 1 patient. Conclusion:TIPS for treatment of HSOS caused by Gynura segetum resulted in a rapid recovery of liver function, rapid symptomatic relief, with a low incidence of hepatic encephalopathy/hepatic myelopathy.

Objective:To summarize the clinical experience and effect of applying 3D printing assisted with the technology of extracorporeal pre-fenestration in the treatment of thoracic/abdominal aortic aneurysm.Methods:From August 2019 to November 2020, 15 patients with thoracic/abdominal aneurysm involving visceral arteries were admitted to our center, including 11 males and 4 females, with mean age of 57-82(68.26 ±4.73) years old. According to diameters of visceral artery, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta, and bilateral iliac arteries measured by CTA, we selected suitable stents and made a 3D printing model by professional software to guide the position of intraoperative external fenestration and the fenestration diameter to implement full cavity repair.Results:All operations were completed and one case was converted to laparotomy. The average time of operations was(200.67±41.00)min and hospital stay was(13.47±4.16)days without any death, organ failure, endoleak, paraplegia, graft infection and other complications.Conclusion:The application of 3D printing assisted with the technology of extracorporeal pre-fenestration in the treatment of thoracic/abdominal aortic aneurysm is feasible and effective, and the short-term results are satisfactory.

Objective:To investigate the treatment strategies for the thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of Stanford type B aortic dissection (TBAD) accompanied with intra-or post-operational retrograde type A aortic dissection (RAAD).Methods:TBAD patients who underwent TEVAR in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from February 2004 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Among 1 176 cases, 14 cases (1.2%) were accompanied with RAAD. Another 9 patients who received TEVAR at other hospitals with TBAD accompanied with RAAD were also collected. In total 23 patients [18 males and 5 females, age as (54±12) years old , ranging from 38 to 79] were included in this study. There were 15 cases of typical dissection, 7 cases of intramural haematoma, and 1 case of penetrating aortic ulcer. Sixteen patients received surgical operation, 1 received hybrid surgery, and the remaining 6 patients underwent conventional therapies. The clinical data and followed up data were collected and analyzed.Results:Among 23 cases, 2 RAAD cases were discovered during the TEVAR, 8 cases were discovered during the perioperative period, 5 cases were discovered within 3 months after discharge, and 8 cases were discovered at more than 1 year after TEVAR, with the longest time point of 120 months after TEVAR. The RAAD rupture was located on the greater curvature side of the aorta in 21 cases, and on the minor curvature side in 2 cases. In 13 cases, the rupture was close to the stent head, and in 10 cases, the rupture was located on the ascending aorta and more than 2 cm from the stent head. Followed up data were collected in 21 cases, with the mean follow-up time as (59±40) months, ranging from 1 to 134 months. Six patients died, with 3 cases of all-reason death and 3 cases of cardiac-reason death. Among the 16 patients receiving surgical operation, one patient died during the perioperative period, and 1 patient suffered from the cerebral infarction and mediastinal infection. Well recovery was found in 1 patient received the hybrid operation. Five of 6 patients who received the conventional treatment died.Conclusions:RAAD is a serious complication related to TEVAR, with low incidence and high mortality rate. RAAD can occur in the early or late stages of TEVAR. TEVAR-associated RAAD has poor therapeutic outcomes, and the surgical operation should be recommended as the preferred treatment for RAAD in clinical practice.