The healing of the alveolar socket following tooth extraction is a complex process,which is influenced by multiple factors.After tooth extraction,the soft and hard tissues surrounding the extraction site undergo remodeling.During this process,systemic factors and local anatomical structure of the extraction site play a significant role.This review provides a detailed discussion of the alveolar socket healing process and its potential influencing factors.It aims to offer clinicians a comprehensive reference when assessing the healing potential of different extraction sites,thereby providing more informed and precise clinical decision-making.

The healing of the alveolar socket following tooth extraction is a complex process,which is influenced by multiple factors.After tooth extraction,the soft and hard tissues surrounding the extraction site undergo remodeling.During this process,systemic factors and local anatomical structure of the extraction site play a significant role.This review provides a detailed discussion of the alveolar socket healing process and its potential influencing factors.It aims to offer clinicians a comprehensive reference when assessing the healing potential of different extraction sites,thereby providing more informed and precise clinical decision-making.

Objective:To isolate and identify SARS-CoV-2 epidemic strains and analyze the sequence characteristics of the virus strains following serial passages.Methods:Eleven nasopharyngeal swabs positive for SARS-CoV-2 antigen were collected from December 2022. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, and positive specimens were inoculated onto Vero cells for virus isolation. The isolated strains were identified by Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence assay. The morphology of the isolated strains was observed using transmission electron microscopy. Nucleic acid was extracted from the isolates and passaged viruses for further sequencing and analysis.Results:All 11 specimens tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 using quantitative real-time PCR. SARS-CoV-2 strains were successfully isolated from seven specimens, and could be adaptively cultured, passaged, and expanded on Vero cells, achieving a peak titer exceeding 10 6.25 50% cell culture infectious dose (CCID 50)/ml. Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence results showed that the isolates could be specifically recognized by monoclonal antibodies and convalescent serum against SARS-CoV-2. Transmission electron microscopy revealed oval-shaped viral particles with diameters of approximately 100 nm. Next-generation sequencing of the viral isolates demonstrated a sequence homology greater than 99.50% with the Wuhan-Hu-1 reference strain (NC_045512) and 99.98% among the seven isolated strains, and all of the isolates belonged to the Omicron BF.7 variant. Sequence analysis after continuous passage and plaque purification of the BJ-NVSI-20230005 isolate showed that compared with passages 1-3, passages 4-6 had one nucleotide site mutation (C→T) in the ORF1ab gene and a deletion of 3 bp in the E gene, which resulted in a change from leucine to phenylalanine and the deletion of valine, respectively. Polymorphisms were observed in the sequences of plaque-purified clones. Conclusions:The seven successfully isolated SARS-CoV-2 strains all belong to the SARS-CoV-2 BF.7 variant, which is consistent with the prevalence trend in mainland China in December 2022.

In previous studies,the two-way relationship between periodontitis and diabetes has been established.Subgingival flora and salivary flora are often used to explore the relationship between the microbiome in diabetes and periodontitis.In recent years,the development of sequencing technology has provided a broader and deeper approach to exploring the impact of diabetes on oral microbi-ome.This review aims to summarize the effects of diabetes on subgingival flora and salivary flora in patients with periodontitis,so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To investigate the prognoses of pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients with leptomeningeal metastases (LM) and explore their influencing factors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed. The clinical data, imaging features and treatment plans of pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients with LM admitted to our hospital from January 2010 to June 2021 were collected. Overall survival (OS) was used as the prognostic evaluation criterion and patients were divided into good prognosis group (OS≥6 months) and poor prognosis group (OS<6 months) accordingly. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors for prognoses of pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients with LM. These patients were grouped according to different Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores and different treatment methods, and survival curves were drawn to compare their OS.Results:A total of 173 pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients with LM were enrolled in the study, including 75 with good prognosis and 87 with poor prognosis. There were significant differences in the KPS scores, pulmonary adenocarcinoma lesion controlled status, giving third generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy or not, giving systemic chemotherapy and/or whole brain radiotherapy or not between the two groups ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that KPS scores and pulmonary adenocarcinoma lesion controlled status were independent influencing factors for prognoses ( OR=4.186, 95%CI: 1.583-11.070, P=0.004; OR=4.198, 95%CI: 1.499-11.760, P=0.006). Survival curves showed median OS of 8.2 months for all patients ( 95%CI: 6.5-9.8). The OS in patients with low-risk(KPS scores≥60) was significantly higher than that in patients with high-risk(KPS scores<60), that in patients accepted TKI treatment was significantly higher than that in patients not accepted TKI treatment, and that in patients accepted TKI and systemic chemotherapy was significantly higher than that in patients accepted TKI alone ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Patients with high KPS scores and controlled pulmonary adenocarcinoma can have relatively good prognosis; TKI treatment and combination therapy may prolong OS of these patients.

Objective:To explore the relationship between sleep quality and depression among fertile women, and provide a scientific reference for protecting the mental health of fertile women.Methods:The study included 12 518 fertile women who were 15 to 49 years old from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Qujing in Yunnan Province from January 2019 to November 2019. Sleep quality was collected by using self-reported questionnaires, and depression was evaluated by using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. We used logistic regression to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and depression after controlling for other factors.Results:Among 12 518 fertile women, 3197 had poor sleep quality which accounted for 25.54% (95% CI=24.77%-26.30%). The detection rate of depression was 55.59% (6959/12 518; 95% CI=54.72%-56.46%). The detection rate of depression of the poor sleep quality group [75.40% (2410/3197)] was significantly higher than that of the good sleep quality group [48.80% (4549/9321), P<0.001]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for basic demographic characteristics, health status, lifestyle habits and other factors, depression was still associated with poor sleep quality (a OR=3.28, 95% CI=2.99-3.60; P<0.001). Conclusion:The problem of depression and sleep quality on fertile women cannot be ignored, and sleep quality was associated with depression significantly which suggested that it was necessary to keep good life style, improve sleep quality and promote mental health.

Objective:To explore the relationship between sleep quality and depression among fertile women, and provide a scientific reference for protecting the mental health of fertile women.Methods:The study included 12 518 fertile women who were 15 to 49 years old from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Qujing in Yunnan Province from January 2019 to November 2019. Sleep quality was collected by using self-reported questionnaires, and depression was evaluated by using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. We used logistic regression to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and depression after controlling for other factors.Results:Among 12 518 fertile women, 3197 had poor sleep quality which accounted for 25.54% (95% CI=24.77%-26.30%). The detection rate of depression was 55.59% (6959/12 518; 95% CI=54.72%-56.46%). The detection rate of depression of the poor sleep quality group [75.40% (2410/3197)] was significantly higher than that of the good sleep quality group [48.80% (4549/9321), P<0.001]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for basic demographic characteristics, health status, lifestyle habits and other factors, depression was still associated with poor sleep quality (a OR=3.28, 95% CI=2.99-3.60; P<0.001). Conclusion:The problem of depression and sleep quality on fertile women cannot be ignored, and sleep quality was associated with depression significantly which suggested that it was necessary to keep good life style, improve sleep quality and promote mental health.

The effect of altering the promoter region of ubiquitous chromatin-opening element (UCOE) and matrix attachment region (MAR) on stable and efficient expression of genes was investigated. Four different promoters were tested, namely, oct4 containing an enhancer region, sox2 having a CpG island, nanog having no regulatory elements, and CMV containing a CpG island and an enhancer region. Eight reporter plasmids were constructed: pOCT4-UCOE, pOCT4-MAR, pSOX2-UCOE, pSOX2-MAR, pNANOG-UCOE, pNANOG-MAR, pCMV-UCOE, and pCMV-MAR. Stable and efficient expression was observed when UCOE combined with the oct4 promoter, whereas the sox2 was the best promoter suited for MAR. Comparison of the stable clones of oct4-UCOE and sox2-MAR showed that UCOE-regulated expression is more stable and efficient than MAR-regulated expression. When CpG island-containing promoter is linked with UCOE, stable and efficient expression could be observed. These data suggest that an enhancer region in the promoter leads to high, yet unstable expression when combined with UCOE, whereas CpG islands stabilize expression. In conclusion, UCOE and MAR interact with regulatory elements on the promoter by altering the chromatin open state and chromatin loop to regulate gene expression.
Chromatin/genetics* ; CpG Islands/genetics* ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics*

Objective To observe the effect of prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Lianggesan on clinical efficacy for treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods Fifty-two patients consistent with the Berlin diagnostic criteria of ARDS admitted to the departments of intensive care unit (ICU) of Tianjin Hospital and of the First Tianjin Center Hospital from May 1, 2015 to April 30, 2016 were enrolled, and they were divided into a Chinese medicine group (24 cases) and a control group (28 cases) by lottery. The anti-infection, reduction of phlegm, mechanical ventilation and symptomatic support treatment were given to the two groups, additionally Chinese medicine group received TCM Lianggesan (particles) including ingredients: fructus forsythiae 30 g, radix scutellariae 10 g, fructus gardeniae 10 g, henon bamboo leaf 10 g, rhubarb 10 g, herba menthae 6 g, natrii sulfas 6 g, radix glycyrrhizae 15 g, adding water to punch the particles in 50 mL liquid, taken by nasal feeding or orally drinking, in the morning and in the evening, twice a day. Before and after treatment, the differences in levels of oxygenation index, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the oxygenation indexes of the two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment, the levels of TNF-α and PEEP of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the degrees of changing in the Chinese medicine group were more significant than those of the control group [oxygenation index (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 267.45±38.67 vs. 235.26±30.62, TNF-α (mg/L):24.37±5.46 vs. 28.31±5.41, PEEP (cmH2O, 1 cmH2O = 0.098 kPa): 4.58±1.61 vs. 5.93±1.61, all P < 0.05]. Conclusion TCM Lianggesan can effectively eliminate the inflammatory mediators of patients with ARDS, improve the respiratory function and promote the recovery of the disease.

Objective To compare the clinical effects between continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and intermittent haemodialysis (IHD) for the treatment of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods A prospective study was conducted. Seventy-three patients with sepsis-induced AKI admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) of Tianjin Hospital and Tianjin First Center Hospital from January to December in 2014 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into two groups: CRRT group (n = 35) and IHD group (n = 38). Data were recorded for the patients in two groups before treatment, including acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score, mean arterial pressure (MAP), urine volume, and the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum creatinine (SCr) before and 1 week after treatment, the time of recovery of urine volume, the length of ICU stay, the duration of organ support, and the incidence of cardiovascular events. Results There was no statistically significant difference in APACHE Ⅱ scores (21.63±2.46 vs. 21.34±2.46), MAP [mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 71.26±10.70 vs. 75.74±15.17], urine volume (mL: 404.00±79.13 vs. 438.97±87.17), CRP (mg/L: 100.94±14.73 vs. 95.17±27.03), and SCr (μmol/L: 394.02± 50.26 vs. 390.47±54.42) before treatment between CRRT group and IHD group (all P > 0.05). One week after treatment, compared to the IHD group, CRRT could dramatically reduce the levels of CRP (mg/L: 41.05±10.15 vs. 60.21±14.78, t = 6.401, P < 0.001), SCr (μmol/L: 185.97±65.48 vs. 232.02±71.93, t = 2.862, P = 0.006), urine output recovery time (days: 7.94±3.06 vs. 11.08±3.71, t = 3.923, P < 0.001), the length of ICU stay (days: 9.54±3.39 vs. 13.42±3.89, t = 4.521, P < 0.001), organ support time (days: 3.23±2.70 vs. 6.34±3.36, t = 4.343, P < 0.001), and the incidence of cardiovascular events [23.53% (8/35) vs. 39.47% (15/38), χ2 = 5.509, P = 0.025]. Conclusion Compared to IHD, CRRT can more efficiently help patients with sepsis-induced AKI in removing excessive water, metabolic waste, and lower the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, maintain homeostasis of the internal environment, lower the adverse effects on cardiovascular system, so that it significantly improve the prognosis of patients, shorten the time of organ support and the length of ICU stay.