Acute ischemic stroke caused by posterior circulation occlusion is extremely dangerous, with a mortality rate of more than 90%.In recent years, mechanical thrombectomy had become an important method in the treatment of acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke, but whether it is effective and safe in the treatment of posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke is not clear.In this paper, the safety and effectiveness of intravascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke with posterior circulation occlusion were reviewed.

Objective To investigate the effects and its mechanism of different dental alloys on proliferation and apoptosis of fibroblast.Methods Mouse fibroblast L929 cells were divided into negative control group,gold alloy group,Ni Cr alloy group and copper alloy group.Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay.Cells were cultured for 48h.Cell cycle and apoptosis rate were detected by flow cytometry.The expression of Bcl-2,Bax,cleaved caspase-3 protein were detected by Western blot.Results Cell proliferation rate had no significant difference in gold alloy group and Ni Cr alloy group and negative control group (P ＞ 0.05),while was significantly lower in copper alloy group than the negative control group (P ＜ 0.01).G1 phase,S phase and G2 phase cells between gold alloy group and the negative control group had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05),while G1 phase cells in Ni Cr alloy and copper alloy group was significantly lower than negative control group.S phase and G2 phase cells were significantly higher than the negative control group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜0.01).Cell apoptosis rate and the expression of Bcl-2,Bax,cleaved caspase-3 protein between gold alloy group and negative control group had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Cell apoptosis rate and the expression of Bax,cleaved caspase-3 protein between Ni Cr alloy and copper alloy group were significantly higher than the negative control group.Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly lower than the negative control group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The gold alloy,Ni Cr alloy and copper alloy can influence proliferation and apoptosis of fibroblast.The gold alloy group is minimum.Different dental alloys leads to the possible mechanism of fibroblast apoptosis was regulation of Bcl-2,Bax,cleaved caspase-3 protein expression.

Objective To investigate the differences of socio-demographics and smartphone use features among Chinese college students between problematic smartphone user (PSU) and non-PSU, and to clarify the link between PSU and psychopathological symptoms (anxiety and depression). Methods A total of 1205 undergraduates from 35 classes of 8 universities or colleges, stratified with different school levels, were selected using the cluster random sampling strategy. The Problematic Cellular Phone Use Questionnaire (PCPUQ) was used to identify problematic use of smartphone use, and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to measure anxiety and depression symptoms. Results The prevalence of PSU among undergraduates was estimated to be 20.6% (207/1006). There were significant differences between PSU and non-PSU on their major of either science category or humanities category (χ2=11.424, P<0.01), grade (χ2=5.868, P<0.05), monthly living expense supported by their family (χ2=12.713, P<0.01), daily time spent on their smartphones (χ2=20.052, P<0.01), frequency of changing the mobile phones (χ2=14.511, P<0.01) and monthly smartphone bill (χ2=13.107, P<0.01). Furthermore, the self rated anxiety (34.8% (72/207) vs. 14.6% (117/799),χ2=43.704, P<0.01) and depression (36.2%(75/207) vs. 15.4%(123/799),χ2=45.159,P<0.01) were both found more elevated in PSU than non-PSU. Conclusion Some common sociodemographic variables and smartphone usage patterns were identified in undergraduates displaying PSU. Moreover, PSU is associated with more elevated anxiety and depression symptoms.

Objective To investigate the differences of socio-demographics and smartphone use features among Chinese college students between problematic smartphone user (PSU) and non-PSU, and to clarify the link between PSU and psychopathological symptoms (anxiety and depression). Methods A total of 1205 undergraduates from 35 classes of 8 universities or colleges, stratified with different school levels, were selected using the cluster random sampling strategy. The Problematic Cellular Phone Use Questionnaire (PCPUQ) was used to identify problematic use of smartphone use, and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to measure anxiety and depression symptoms. Results The prevalence of PSU among undergraduates was estimated to be 20.6% (207/1006). There were significant differences between PSU and non-PSU on their major of either science category or humanities category (χ2=11.424, P<0.01), grade (χ2=5.868, P<0.05), monthly living expense supported by their family (χ2=12.713, P<0.01), daily time spent on their smartphones (χ2=20.052, P<0.01), frequency of changing the mobile phones (χ2=14.511, P<0.01) and monthly smartphone bill (χ2=13.107, P<0.01). Furthermore, the self rated anxiety (34.8% (72/207) vs. 14.6% (117/799),χ2=43.704, P<0.01) and depression (36.2%(75/207) vs. 15.4%(123/799),χ2=45.159,P<0.01) were both found more elevated in PSU than non-PSU. Conclusion Some common sociodemographic variables and smartphone usage patterns were identified in undergraduates displaying PSU. Moreover, PSU is associated with more elevated anxiety and depression symptoms.

Objective To investigate the effects of original antigenic sin caused by previous expo-sure to influenza A virus subtype H1N1 on the immune response to inactivated H5N1 vaccine. Methods In this study, the BALB/c mice were first infected with A/PR8 (H1N1) virus or immunized with inactivated vaccine to induce immune responses against the A/PR8 virus. Then they were injected once with inactivated H5N1 vaccine at dosages of 0. 01μg, 0. 1μg and 1μg, respectively. The levels of IgG and neutralizing an-tibodies in serum samples were detected after immunization. Four weeks after immunization, the mice were challenged with a lethal dose of H5N1 virus. Some indicators including the survival rate, body weight loss and residue virus titer in lung were recorded for further evaluation. Results The pre-existing anti-A/PR8 antibodies in mice didn′t alleviate the immune responses to inactivated H5N1 vaccine. Conclusion This study indicates that the original antigenic sin associated with the previous exposure to A/PR8 virus has no significant effect on the immune efficacy of H5N1 vaccine.

Carnitine is essential for the transfer of long-chain fatty acids from the cytosol into mitochondria for subsequent beta-oxidation. A lack of carnitine results in impaired energy production from long-chain fatty acids, especially during periods of fasting or stress. Primary carnitine deficiency (PCD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of mitochondrial beta-oxidation resulting from defective carnitine transport and is one of the rare treatable etiologies of metabolic cardiomyopathies. Patients affected with the disease may present with acute metabolic decompensation during infancy or with severe cardiomyopathy in childhood. Early recognition of the disease and treatment with L-carnitine may be life-saving. In this review article, the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of PCD are discussed, with a focus on cardiac involvements.
Cardiomyopathies* ; Carnitine* ; Cytosol ; Diagnosis ; Fasting ; Fatty Acids ; Humans ; Mitochondria ; Prognosis

Temperature scanning tests and uniaxial tensile tests at room temperature under different strain rates for three kinds of existing low-temperature outside fixed thermoplastic medical polymer resin materials (A, B and C) were conducted on dynamic mechanical analyzer and micro material testing machine to contrast their mechanical properties. It is shown that the glass transition temperatures of these three materials are all around 65 degrees C, but material C has the widest range of shaping temperature. Stress-strain responses of the three materials are rate-dependent and material C shows better plasticity.
External Fixators ; Materials Testing ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry ; Temperature ; Tensile Strength

Objective To investigate the effects of heparanase and E-cadherin on the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. Methods Fifty specimens of gastric cancer which had been resected at Cancer Hospital of Liaoning Province from February 2005 to May 2007 were collected. The expression of heparanase mRNA and E-cadherin mRNA in these gastric cancer specimens was detected by RT-PCR, and the expression of E-cadherin in these gastric cancer specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry. Data were analyzed by t-test and variance analysis, and the enumeration data analyzed by chi-square test. Results There were significant differences in the expression of heparanase and E-cadherin between gastric cancer cells with high and low differentiation, presence and absence of metastasis, and TNM stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ versus Ⅲ and Ⅳ (t = 1.999, 4.258, 1.735 ; 1.286, 6.794, 3.091; χ~2 =6.273, 9.397, 5.640, P <0.05). The co-expression of heparanase (+) and E-cadherin (-) was correlated with tumor undifferentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM staging (χ~2 =11.306, 10.208, 8.420, P <0.05). Conclusions Heparanasc shows high expression while E-cadherin shows low expression in gastric cancer tissue. There is a synergistic effect between the abnormal expression of heparanase and E-cadherin, and the gastric cancer cells with coexpression of heparanase and E-cadherin have more malignant potential.

Objective To reveal the character of tricuspid valve in hypoplastic right ventricular heart syndrome (HPRVHS) using 3-dimensional echocardiography(3DE). Methods Twenty eight patients with HPRVHS were included in the study, and they were divided into two groups according the degree of tricuspid regurgitation. Eighteen normal children were included as the control. Volume of right ventricle(VRV), area of tricuspid annulus(TVA),proportion of the leaflets and the distance from tips of leaflets to the nearest papillary muscle were measured with 3DE. These data was standardized by body surface area. Results The volume of right ventricle in HPRVHS was significantly less than that in normal group. The area of tricuspid annulus was significantly correlated with volume of right ventricle(r = 0. 90, P < 0. 0001). In the tricuspid regurgitation group, the proportion of area of anterior leaflet to area of tricuspid annulus was significantly higher than non-regurgitation group and normal group(P <0. 0001). Respectively,the proportion of the area of posterior leaflet to the area of tricuspid annulus in regurgitation group was significantly less than normal and non-regurgitation group. The distance from tips of leaflets was significantly shorter in HPRVHS than in normal group. Furthermore, the distance from the tip of septal leaflet to the nearest papillary muscle was shorter in regurgitation group than non-regurgitation group ( P = 0. 0023). Conclusions 3DE could be applied for evaluating the pathologic change of tricuspid valve in congenital heart disease. In HPRVHS, hypoplastic of posterior leaflet and shortness of the cords of septal leaflet could be the cause of tricuspid regurgitation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of different kind of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy in treating Kawasaki disease (KD) and preventing cardiac consequences (coronary artery lesion, CAL). Methods A questionnaire form and guideline for KD diagnosis were sent to 50 hospitals providing pediatric medical care in Shanghai. The data from a total of 1 682 KD patients were collected. It included 1 064 males and 618 females from 1998 through 2008 in Shanghai. The average age of the KD patients was (2.57±2.33) years old (0.1-18.8 years).The patients had been divided into 6 groups for different IVIG therapy, which included 1 g/kg once, 2 g/kg once, 0.4-0.5 g/kg five times, 1 g/kg twice, 2 g/kg twice and others. SAS 6.12 software was used for statistical analysis. Results In all KD patients, the patients treated with IV1G in 5th-10th day of illness has the least cardiac complication and CAL incidence and the group with IVIG therapy of 1 g/kg twice also has the least cardiac complication and CAL incidence. Conclusions The best doses of IVIG in treating KD is 1 g/kg twice and the IVIG therapy should be used in 5th-10th day of KD illness.