This paper summarizes Professor LU Fang's clinical experience in treating systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） based on the differentiation and treatment of heat-toxin and blood-stasis in the collaterals. SLE is generally characterized by deficiency in origin with excess in manifestation. The core pathogenesis is heat-toxin obstructing the collaterals. During the acute active stage， the predominant pattern is blazing heat-toxin causing blood stasis， while in the chronic remitting stage， the main pattern is toxic stasis blocking the collaterals with qi and yin deficiency. Clinical treatment follows the basic principle that treat with salty-cold herbs， when heat invades internally and that assist with acrid-dispersing herbs when stasis obstructs the collaterals. The self-formulated Yimian Decoction （抑免汤） serves as the base formula and is applied in stages. During the acute active stage， it is often combined with herbs for clearing heat and detoxifying， cooling blood and resolving stasis， and unblocking the collaterals. In the chronic remitting stage， it is often combined with herbs for activating blood circulation and unblocking the collaterals， as well as tonifying qi and nourishing yin.

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a common chronic autoimmune disease with synovitis as its pathological basis and erosive arthritis as its main symptom.Pathogenesis of RA is complex,combination of genetic factors,environmental factors,immune cells,cytokines and autoantibodies causes joint injury,bone destruction and multi-system disease of RA.However,the above mecha-nisms can not fully explain the poor prognosis,high disability rate and poor clinical treatment effect of RA.Therefore,exploring new pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of RA is the focus of RA research.In recent years,with the deepening of RA research,it has been found that there is a new form of cell death in pathological process of RA,namely ferroptosis.Ferroptosis is a type of cell death caused by inhibition of glutathione peroxidase activity and accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species.Previous studies have con-firmed the close correlation between RA and ferroptosis,this paper mainly explores ferroptosis-related signal pathways that affect the change and development of RA disease from the perspective of regulating the main signal pathways of ferroptosis,so as to find new therapeutic targets for RA and new therapeutic ideas for research.

Objective To establisha multiplex STR genotyping m ethod for autosom al STR and Y-STR loci in forensic biological practice. Methods W idely used autosom al STR loci and Y-STR loci w ere se-lected. A set of PC R prim ers w as designed, and a 5-dye fluorescent labeled STR multiplex PC R reagent kit w as developed. Results A kit w as developed w hich can sim ultaneously detect 15 autosom al STR loci, 10 Y-STR loci, and an Amelogenin. Conclusion The 15 autosom al STR plus 10 Y-STR kit in com bination w ith capillary electrophoresis m ethod w as used to STR genotyping w ith accurate and reli-able results. The new one-step testing kit can potentially be w idely used in forensic cases and D N A databank in the future.