Ischemic stroke is one of the important causes of disability and death among middle-aged and elderly people in China,and there are many complicated problems from diagnosis to treatment.At present,vascular recanalization has become the most important treatment for ischemic stroke.However,the prognosis of patients is still not ideal after vascular recanalization treatment alone.At the same time,the therapeutic effect of neuroprotective drugs targeting a single target is still not significant.Annexin A5 has many biological functions,such as anticoagulation,anti-inflammation,protection of neuron survival and so on,and can be used for neuroprotective therapy such as reducing reperfusion injury after cerebral vascular recanalization.Annexin A5 can be used in the diagnosis of stroke and the construction of targeted vectors because of its close binding with phosphatidylserine.The authors summarized the multiple functions of Annexin A5,and analyzes its possible effects on ischemic stroke,so as to provide reference for the follow-up study.

Acute ischemic stroke has a high mortality and disability rate,posing a serious threat to human health.Endovascular treatment is now a first-line approach for acute ischemic stroke.However,some patients achieving successful revascularization(modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grade 2b or 3)still have poor neurological outcomes(midified Rankin scale score＞2)90 days after the procedure,a phenomenon known as futile recanalization.This review aims to summarize the mechanisms and baseline characteristics,blood markers,and imaging markers of futile recanalization,helping clinicians identify and detect at-risk patients early.This will provide insights for the prevention and management of futile recanalization.

Acute ischemic stroke has a high mortality and disability rate,posing a serious threat to human health.Endovascular treatment is now a first-line approach for acute ischemic stroke.However,some patients achieving successful revascularization(modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grade 2b or 3)still have poor neurological outcomes(midified Rankin scale score＞2)90 days after the procedure,a phenomenon known as futile recanalization.This review aims to summarize the mechanisms and baseline characteristics,blood markers,and imaging markers of futile recanalization,helping clinicians identify and detect at-risk patients early.This will provide insights for the prevention and management of futile recanalization.

In recent years, for patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion, intravascular mechanical thrombectomy has become the most recommended treatment method. Determining whether there is ischemic penumbra or not is very important for the selection of patients who are suitable for endovascular mechanical thrombectomy. In addition, the ischemic penumbra also provides guidance for extending the time window of traditional intravenous thrombolytic therapy. This article reviews the imaging evaluation methods of ischemic penumbra.