This study aims to review the current status and development trends of digital TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) specimen museums, providing a theoretical basis for their future construction. By systematically organizing literature and materials, practical experiences in platform architecture design, content planning, and technical implementation were summarized. The research results show that digital technology has significant application value in the TCM field. Currently, some Food and Drug Control Institutes have formed diverse construction achievements by integrating regional characteristics with technological innovation. However, current TCM specimen museums generally still face many challenges, such as insufficient digitalization. In conclusion, the digitalization of TCM specimen museums has become an inevitable trend in the industry. Targeted measures are urgently needed to solve existing problems and promote the sustainable development of digital TCM specimen museums. It is suggested to strengthen the standardization of data collection and storage, deepen the integration of technologies such as 3D, AR, and AI into the construction of specimen museums, and at the same time promote the spatial design combining regional culture with TCM. This will help create "one museum with one feature for one region" digital TCM specimen museums, further promoting their sustainable development and facilitating the digital inheritance of TCM.

Objective To investigate the effect of active muscle response on mechanical responses and injuries of human neck under high Gx loading.Methods A refined finite element model of the head and neck with active muscle response was established and validated based on the existing post-crash volunteer experiments.The effects of active muscle action on the kinematic and biomechanical responses of the neck were investigated under different G-value loads and at each tilting angle using this model.Results The stress distribution of vertebrae under high Gx load was dispersed from C4-7 to the whole vertebrae,and the active muscle action reduced the stress change,and the effect was significant under 8 G acceleration,which reduced the peak vertebral bone stress by 23.6％and 11.6％,and the peak intervertebral disc stress by 42.3％and 63.4％under 8 G and 10 G conditions,respectively.The maximum stress difference of 34.3 MPa was achieved by the active muscle action at 15° backward tilting.Conclusions The neck showed better stability by the active muscle action under the impact of high Gx loading.At different tilting angles,the active muscle action was more obvious in the backward tilting posture compared with the forward tilting and upright seated postures,and the backward tilting posture was safer to meet the impact when the same active muscle action was applied.The results can provide a reference for the subsequent studies related to the neck injury.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of biological patch in minimally invasive inguinal hernia surgery.Methods From July 2019 to July 2021,100 inguinal hernia patients were divided into two groups based on the actual type of patch received.Biological patch was used in the experimental group(50 cases),and polypropylene patch was used in the control group(50 cases).The operation method was laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal(TAPP)hernia repair.Operating time,bleeding volume during operation,hospital stay after operation,hernia recurrence rate,incision infection rate,patch infection rate,and complication rate were compared between the two groups.Results Two groups of patients had no recurrence of hernia within 3 years after surgery,and didn't experience incision infection or patch infection after surgery.There were no significant differences in operating time,bleeding volume during operation,hospital stay after operation,seroma rate and chronic pain rate between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence rate of foreign body sensation in the control group was higher than that in the experimental group,with statistical difference(P<0.05).Conclusion In conclusion,biological patch is safe and effective in laparoscopic TAPP hernia repair,and can reduce the incidence of postoperative foreign body sensation,providing a new option for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.

Objective To investigate the effect of active muscle response on mechanical responses and injuries of human neck under high Gx loading.Methods A refined finite element model of the head and neck with active muscle response was established and validated based on the existing post-crash volunteer experiments.The effects of active muscle action on the kinematic and biomechanical responses of the neck were investigated under different G-value loads and at each tilting angle using this model.Results The stress distribution of vertebrae under high Gx load was dispersed from C4-7 to the whole vertebrae,and the active muscle action reduced the stress change,and the effect was significant under 8 G acceleration,which reduced the peak vertebral bone stress by 23.6％and 11.6％,and the peak intervertebral disc stress by 42.3％and 63.4％under 8 G and 10 G conditions,respectively.The maximum stress difference of 34.3 MPa was achieved by the active muscle action at 15° backward tilting.Conclusions The neck showed better stability by the active muscle action under the impact of high Gx loading.At different tilting angles,the active muscle action was more obvious in the backward tilting posture compared with the forward tilting and upright seated postures,and the backward tilting posture was safer to meet the impact when the same active muscle action was applied.The results can provide a reference for the subsequent studies related to the neck injury.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of biological patch in minimally invasive inguinal hernia surgery.Methods From July 2019 to July 2021,100 inguinal hernia patients were divided into two groups based on the actual type of patch received.Biological patch was used in the experimental group(50 cases),and polypropylene patch was used in the control group(50 cases).The operation method was laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal(TAPP)hernia repair.Operating time,bleeding volume during operation,hospital stay after operation,hernia recurrence rate,incision infection rate,patch infection rate,and complication rate were compared between the two groups.Results Two groups of patients had no recurrence of hernia within 3 years after surgery,and didn't experience incision infection or patch infection after surgery.There were no significant differences in operating time,bleeding volume during operation,hospital stay after operation,seroma rate and chronic pain rate between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence rate of foreign body sensation in the control group was higher than that in the experimental group,with statistical difference(P<0.05).Conclusion In conclusion,biological patch is safe and effective in laparoscopic TAPP hernia repair,and can reduce the incidence of postoperative foreign body sensation,providing a new option for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.

Objective:Based on a single-center retrospective study,to explore the efficacy of intervertebral fusion through different approaches combined with pedicle screw internal fixation in the treatment of single-segment low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 87 patients with single-segment low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis who were treated in our hospital from January 2021 to August 2022,the cases were divided into Group A(41 cases)and Group B(46 cases)according to the differences in surgical methods.Group A received treatment with posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF)combined with pedicle screw internal fixation,while Group B received treatment with percutaneous endoscopic posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PE-PLIF)combined with pedicle screw internal fixation.Both groups were followed up for two years.The Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores of the waist and legs,perioperative indicators,recovery of lumbar function[Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score,Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)score],and serum inflammatory mediators levels[interleukin-1α(IL-1α),transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1),interleukin-6(IL-6)],the rate of lumbar interbody fusion,the rate of lumbar spondylolisthesis and the incidence of postoperative complications of the two groups were compared.Results:The operation time and the number of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy sessions in group B were both more than those in group A,while the hospital stay,the intraoperative blood loss and total incision length in Group B were all shorter than those in group A(P＜0.05).The VAS scores of the waist and legs in both groups decreased at 3 d after operation and the last follow-up(P＜0.05),and the VAS scores of the waist and legs in group B were lower than those in group A(P＜0.05).The ODI scores of both groups decreased at 3 d after operation and the last follow-up,and the ODI scores of group B were lower than those in group A;The JOA score increased,and the JOA scores of group B were all higher than those in group A(P＜0.05).Serum IL-1α,TGF-β1 and IL-6 levels in both groups decreased at 3 d and 7 d after operation,and serum IL-1α,TGF-β1 and IL-6 levels in group B were all lower than those in group A(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications,the rate of lumbar interbody fusion,and the rate of lumbar spondylolisthesis between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Compared with PLIF,PE-PLIF combined with pedicle screw internal fixation in the treatment of single-segment low-grade lumbar.spondylolisthesis,can better relieve the degree of pain of the waist and legs,improve lumbar dysfunction,regulate serum inflammatory mediators levels more effectively,and has higher safety and significant therapeutic efficacy.

Stent entrapment is a rare complication of percutaneous coronary intervention.In recent years,with the development of distal radial artery puncture technology,the rare complications related to distal radial artery have been gradually understood.This article describes a patient who underwent coronary intervention through a distal radial approach,and the stent was dislodged and trapped in the far radial artery.The patient came to our hospital for stent implantation because of acute extensive anterolateral myocardial infarction.During the intervention,the balloon could not be filled when the stent was released from the left anterior descending artery,and the retracting stent could not be used to remove the guide catheter.The stent was dislodged and embedded in the distal vessel.The sheath was inserted through the proximal radial reverse puncture,and the stent was captured with a snare and removed.

Objective To explore the effect of evening primrose oil(EPO)on aortic endothelial damage in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS),using network pharmacology and in vivo experiments.Methods The potential targets of EPO for improving aortic endothelial injury in PCOS rats were predicted by network pharmacology,and the selected core targets and renin-angiotensin signaling(RAS)pathway were verified by experiments.Fifty-eight female SD rats were divided randomly into a blank group(n=10)and a modeling group(n=48).Rats in the blank group were fed a normal diet and rats in the modeling group received a high-fat diet for 8 weeks.The PCOS model was prepared at week 6 by administration of letrozole(1 mg/(kg·d))for 21 days.Blood was taken from the tail vein after modeling and serum was collected to detect hormone levels.The model rats were then divided randomly into four groups and treated with the corresponding drugs for 6 weeks.Blood,blood vessels,and ovaries were then collected.Tissue morphology was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and serum levels of luteinizing hormone(LH),testosterone(T),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),endothelin(ET-1),and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Serum levels of nitric oxide(NO)were determined by spectrophotometry.Protein expression levels of core targets and RAS pathway-related factors were assessed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry.Results Twenty-five intersection targets of EPO and PCOS were identified by network pharmacological analysis.Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis showed that EPO improved vascular injury in PCOS rats via multiple pathways,including RAS.Serum levels of ET-1,FSH,LH,and T measured by ELISA were significantly decreased after EPO treatment,compared with the model group(P＜0.01).EPO significantly decreased the expression levels of Ang Ⅰ,VEGF-B,AT2R,ET-1,and TNF-α proteins in the aorta(P＜0.01)and significantly increased expression levels of Ang Ⅱ,CD31,and endothelial NO synthase proteins(P＜0.01).Conclusions EPO may ameliorate vascular endothelial injury in PCOS model rats by inhibiting the RAS signaling pathway and by overactivation of the ACE/Ang Ⅱ/AT1 axis.

Objective:Based on a single-center retrospective study,to explore the efficacy of intervertebral fusion through different approaches combined with pedicle screw internal fixation in the treatment of single-segment low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 87 patients with single-segment low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis who were treated in our hospital from January 2021 to August 2022,the cases were divided into Group A(41 cases)and Group B(46 cases)according to the differences in surgical methods.Group A received treatment with posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF)combined with pedicle screw internal fixation,while Group B received treatment with percutaneous endoscopic posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PE-PLIF)combined with pedicle screw internal fixation.Both groups were followed up for two years.The Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores of the waist and legs,perioperative indicators,recovery of lumbar function[Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score,Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)score],and serum inflammatory mediators levels[interleukin-1α(IL-1α),transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1),interleukin-6(IL-6)],the rate of lumbar interbody fusion,the rate of lumbar spondylolisthesis and the incidence of postoperative complications of the two groups were compared.Results:The operation time and the number of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy sessions in group B were both more than those in group A,while the hospital stay,the intraoperative blood loss and total incision length in Group B were all shorter than those in group A(P＜0.05).The VAS scores of the waist and legs in both groups decreased at 3 d after operation and the last follow-up(P＜0.05),and the VAS scores of the waist and legs in group B were lower than those in group A(P＜0.05).The ODI scores of both groups decreased at 3 d after operation and the last follow-up,and the ODI scores of group B were lower than those in group A;The JOA score increased,and the JOA scores of group B were all higher than those in group A(P＜0.05).Serum IL-1α,TGF-β1 and IL-6 levels in both groups decreased at 3 d and 7 d after operation,and serum IL-1α,TGF-β1 and IL-6 levels in group B were all lower than those in group A(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications,the rate of lumbar interbody fusion,and the rate of lumbar spondylolisthesis between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Compared with PLIF,PE-PLIF combined with pedicle screw internal fixation in the treatment of single-segment low-grade lumbar.spondylolisthesis,can better relieve the degree of pain of the waist and legs,improve lumbar dysfunction,regulate serum inflammatory mediators levels more effectively,and has higher safety and significant therapeutic efficacy.

Clinically,patients with high-risk cholecystitis are often facing the therapeutic choice of permanent cholecystostomy drainage or high-risk surgery.With the development of percutaneous interventional therapy techniques in recent years,minimally invasive treatment have provided more therapeutic options for these patients.Cryoablation,chemical ablation,and gallbladder-intestine anastomosis are considered as the promising methods for the treatment of cholecystitis.Different combinations of percutaneous cholecystostomy(PC)with sequential cryoablation,chemical ablation,or gallbladder-intestine internal drainage have achieved a high success rate in treating cholecystitis,thus,providing patients with an option of non-surgical resection.This article aims to make a comprehensive review about various percutaneous treatment methods for cholecystitis so as to provide useful references for clinical practice.