Objective:To conduct a study on pricing by service unit to address the problems of hospice and palliative care pricing and fee system in China.Methods:Combining theoretical research and empirical evidence,this study organized the pricing mechanism of initiative hospice and palliative care services and established a graded and categorized pricing strategy.Empirical research was conducted based on real-world data from 36 pilot institutions in typical areas.Results:This study developed a comprehensive pricing framework for value-based classification price standard of initiative hospice and palliative care services from the perspective of incentive regulation.We proposed a pricing plan based on service units,with inpatient bed fee ranging from 459 to 606 yuan or 459 to 1 102 yuan,and home visit fee ranging from 89 to 264 yuan.Conclusions and suggestions:This study proposes a pricing scheme based on the technique and service value with a gradient fluctuation by service unit,and forms a set of price standards with high economic and technical feasibility,which can provide scientific evidences for solving the pricing problem of hospice care.In addition,there is still a need to establish a multi-level incentive compensation mechanism to motivate all levels and types of organisations and healthcare provider,and to promote the high-quality and sustainable development of hospice and palliative care.

This paper summarizes the progress of theoretical research and practice of One Health in China,and discusses the paradigm of One Health governance to improve the prevention and control of infectious diseases in China and the world,and provide an example for the improvement of the public health system.In particular,China has long history to apply the concept of One Health in the national schistosomiasis control programmes and patriotic health campaigns,which were not only focusing on human health,but also emphasizing the sustainable development of animal health and ecological environment.At the same time,the application of tools such as system dynamics model,eDNA technology,One Health economic assessment and global One Health index(GOHI)in the field of disease control and environmental health provides technical support for the concept of One Health.Despite the challenges of practical application of these tools,the One Health concept will play a greater role in providing sustainable solutions for human-animal-environmental health by strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration,improving standardization protocols and promoting inter-national cooperation.

Vertebral refracture following percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) is commonly seen in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures (OTLCF). It can lead to recurrent pain, loss of vertebral height, progression of kyphosis, and even neurological dysfunction, significantly impairing patients′ quality of life. Current diagnosis and treatment face multiple challenges, including high misdiagnosis rate, difficulty in choosing between surgical and non-surgical treatment options, lack of standardized surgical protocols, interference from intralesional bone cement during procedures, inadequate stability of internal fixation in osteoporotic bone, and suboptimal compliance of anti-osteoporotic therapy. Establishing a standardized diagnostic and therapeutic framework is urgently needed. To standardize the management process and improve outcomes for vertebral refractures after PVA in elderly OTLCF patients, Spinal Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the field to develop Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of vertebral refracture after percutaneous vertebral augmentation in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures ( version 2025), based on current literature and clinical experience, and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability. A total of 11 recommendations were proposed, encompassing diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of vertebral refracture after PVA in elderly patients with OTLCF, aiming to provide a foundation for a standardized management.

Thoracolumbar spine fracture often leads to severe pain, functional impairments, and neurological deficits, for which open reduction and internal fixation can effectively restore the spinal structural stability. Open decompression and reduction with internal fixation can help relieve spinal cord compression and improve spinal function in cases of concomitant cord injury. Although spinal stability can be restored through surgery, patients often face chronic pain and functional impairments postoperatively. A postoperative rehabilitation program is critical in optimizing therapeutic outcomes, reducing complications, and minimizing the risk of secondary injuries. However, current rehabilitation methods, such as physical therapy, functional training, and pain management, are confronted with problems in clinical practice, including significant variation in efficacy, poor patient adherence, and prolonged rehabilitation period. There is an urgent need for a unified rehabilitation strategy to address these problems. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Physicians Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the Spine Health Professional Committee of the Chinese Human Health Technology Promotion Association organized experts from relevant fields to formulate Evidence-based guidelines for rehabilitation treatment after internal fixation of thoracolumbar spine fracture in adults ( version 2025) by integrating evidences from clinical researches and advanced rehabilitation concepts at home and abroad. A total number of 14 recommendations concerning the rehabilitation treatment with multimodal analgesia, psychological intervention, deep vein thrombosis prevention, core muscle and extremity exercise, appropriate use of braces, early weight-bearing, device-aided rehabilitation exercise, neuroregulatory therapy, rehabilitation team were put forward, aiming to standardize the post-operative rehabilitation process following internal fixation, promote the functional recovery, and enhance patients′ quality of life.

Acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fracture (ASOTLF) can lead to chronic low back pain, kyphosis deformity, pulmonary dysfunction, loss of mobility, and even life-threatening complications. Vertebral augmentation is currently the mainstream treatment method for this condition. In 2019, the Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma and the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedic Surgeons Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association collaboratively led the development of Clinical guideline for vertebral augmentation for acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures. Six years later, with advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment techniques as well as accumulating evidence in related fields, the 2019 guideline requires updating. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedic Surgeons Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, the Spinal Health Professional Committee of China Human Health Science and Technology Promotion Association, and the Minimally Invasive Orthopedics Professional Committee of Shaanxi Medical Doctor Association have organized experts in the field to develop the Clinical guideline for vertebral augmentation of acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures ( version 2025) , based on the latest evidence-based medical researches. This guideline incorporates 3 recommendations retained from the 2019 version with updated strength of evidence, along with 12 new recommendations. It provides recommendations from six aspects of diagnosis, pain management, treatment option selection, prevention of postoperative complications, anti-osteoporosis therapy, and postoperative rehabilitation, aiming to provide a reference for standard treatment of vertebral augmentation for ASOTLF in hospitals at all levels.

Objective To investigate the correlation between nighttime sleep duration and cognitive dysfunction in Chinese elderly o-ver 65 years.Methods Based on cross-sectional analysis of CLHLS database,the relevant baseline data of the target population were collected,sleep duration was collected by questionnaire,and 7-8h was used as a reference to divide it into three categories:insufficient sleep,normal sleep,and excessive sleep.Minimum mental state examination(MMSE)was used to assess cognitive dysfunction in elderly and Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the correlation between sleep duration and cognitive dysfunction.Results A total of 111 13subjects were enrolled in this study,among whom 4142(37.3％)subjects were insufficient sleep,4065(36.6％)subjects were nor-mal sleep,and 2906(26.1％)subjects were excessive sleep.The detection rate of cognitive impairment was 28.6％(3178/11113).The scatterplot results showed that sleep duration was nonlinearly correlated with cognitive function.After adjusting for related confounding fac-tors,both insufficient and excessive sleep were associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction.The restricted cubic spline(RCS)model suggested that there was an approximate U-shaped relationship between nighttime sleep duration and the risk for cognitive dysfunc-tion,and the risk of cognitive dysfunction was lowest when the sleep duration was controlled between 5.4h and 7.2h.Conclusion Both in-sufficient and excessive sleep at night increase the risk of cognitive dysfunction,so the optimal sleep duration should be encouraged to re-duce the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction.

Functional dyspepsia (FD), characterized by persistent or recurrent dyspeptic symptoms without identifiable organic, systemic or metabolic causes, is an increasingly recognized global health issue. The objective of this guideline is to equip clinicians and nursing professionals with evidence-based strategies for the management and treatment of adult patients with FD using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The Guideline Development Group consulted existing TCM consensus documents on FD and convened a panel of 35 clinicians to generate initial clinical queries. To address these queries, a systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Database, China Biology Medicine (SinoMed) Database, Wanfang Database, Traditional Medicine Research Data Expanded (TMRDE), and the Traditional Chinese Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (TCMLARS). The evidence from the literature was critically appraised using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. The strength of the recommendations was ascertained through a consensus-building process involving TCM and allopathic medicine experts, methodologists, pharmacologists, nursing specialists, and health economists, leveraging their collective expertise and empirical knowledge. The guideline comprises a total of 43 evidence-informed recommendations that span a range of clinical aspects, including the pathogenesis according to TCM, diagnostic approaches, therapeutic interventions, efficacy assessments, and prognostic considerations. Please cite this article as: Zhang SS, Zhao LQ, Hou XH, Bian ZX, Zheng JH, Tian HH, Yang GH, Hong WS, He YY, Liu L, Shen H, Li YP, Xie S, Shu J, Zeng BF, Li JX, Liu Z, Xiao ZH, Xiao JD, Zheng PY, Huang SG, Chen SL, Fei GJ. International clinical practice guideline on the use of traditional Chinese medicine for functional dyspepsia (2025). J Integr Med. 2025; 23(5):502-518.
Dyspepsia/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use*

BACKGROUND:With the deepening of research on stem cell technology,how to make its accurate homing has become a major problem in clinical application.In addition to the induction of drugs and chemokines,electric fields are also widely used to guide the directional migration of stem cells.They can enhance their migration speed and orientation.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the effect of an electric field on the characteristics of stem cell migration and analyze the possible mechanism of action.METHODS:PubMed and CNKI databases were searched to collect relevant literature up to March 2024,with Chinese and English search terms"stem cells,direct current electric field,pulsed electric field,migration,electric field device,mechanism."Literature that was not available in full text and unrelated to the topic was excluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 58 articles were included according to the screening requirements,including 15 Chinese articles and 43 English articles.In the literature,the effects of different parameters of the electric field on the migration of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,neural stem cells,epidermal stem cells,human embryonic stem cells,and human induced pluripotent stem cells and its mechanism were studied in a migration device.(1)As a simple,non-invasive,and stable intervention method,the electric field plays an active role in guiding the directional migration of stem cells.(2)Different types of stem cells had different directions of electrotaxis migration,and the migration speed and directionality of most stem cells increased with the increase of electric field intensity.(3)Different electric field devices have different focuses in observing stem cell migration,and the relevant devices can be selected according to the purpose of the experiment.(4)The mechanism of electrotaxis migration of different stem cells is not completely the same.MAPK pathway,ROCK activation,and PI3K function are involved in the migration process of most stem cells,and other protein complexes and signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of this process.(5)In addition to different electric field parameters,cell senescence and culture environment also affect the results of electrotaxis migration.In summary,as an important signal that affects the migration characteristics of stem cells,the application of electric field combined with other emerging materials has shown certain potential in tissue engineering.It is expected to play a more important role in guiding stem cells to home,promoting bone tissue regeneration and repair,and making greater breakthroughs in the research of the nervous system,autoimmune system,tumors,and other diseases.

Objective:To conduct a study on pricing by service unit to address the problems of hospice and palliative care pricing and fee system in China.Methods:Combining theoretical research and empirical evidence,this study organized the pricing mechanism of initiative hospice and palliative care services and established a graded and categorized pricing strategy.Empirical research was conducted based on real-world data from 36 pilot institutions in typical areas.Results:This study developed a comprehensive pricing framework for value-based classification price standard of initiative hospice and palliative care services from the perspective of incentive regulation.We proposed a pricing plan based on service units,with inpatient bed fee ranging from 459 to 606 yuan or 459 to 1 102 yuan,and home visit fee ranging from 89 to 264 yuan.Conclusions and suggestions:This study proposes a pricing scheme based on the technique and service value with a gradient fluctuation by service unit,and forms a set of price standards with high economic and technical feasibility,which can provide scientific evidences for solving the pricing problem of hospice care.In addition,there is still a need to establish a multi-level incentive compensation mechanism to motivate all levels and types of organisations and healthcare provider,and to promote the high-quality and sustainable development of hospice and palliative care.

Objective To investigate the correlation between nighttime sleep duration and cognitive dysfunction in Chinese elderly o-ver 65 years.Methods Based on cross-sectional analysis of CLHLS database,the relevant baseline data of the target population were collected,sleep duration was collected by questionnaire,and 7-8h was used as a reference to divide it into three categories:insufficient sleep,normal sleep,and excessive sleep.Minimum mental state examination(MMSE)was used to assess cognitive dysfunction in elderly and Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the correlation between sleep duration and cognitive dysfunction.Results A total of 111 13subjects were enrolled in this study,among whom 4142(37.3％)subjects were insufficient sleep,4065(36.6％)subjects were nor-mal sleep,and 2906(26.1％)subjects were excessive sleep.The detection rate of cognitive impairment was 28.6％(3178/11113).The scatterplot results showed that sleep duration was nonlinearly correlated with cognitive function.After adjusting for related confounding fac-tors,both insufficient and excessive sleep were associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction.The restricted cubic spline(RCS)model suggested that there was an approximate U-shaped relationship between nighttime sleep duration and the risk for cognitive dysfunc-tion,and the risk of cognitive dysfunction was lowest when the sleep duration was controlled between 5.4h and 7.2h.Conclusion Both in-sufficient and excessive sleep at night increase the risk of cognitive dysfunction,so the optimal sleep duration should be encouraged to re-duce the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction.