Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which predominantly affects middle-aged and elderly individuals, is associated with a significantly reduced quality of life and often triggers various other pulmonary conditions. Lung cancer, as one of the most prevalent and deadly pulmonary malignancies worldwide, poses a severe threat to global public health. The risk of developing lung cancer is markedly higher in COPD patients compared to the general population, indicating numerous associations between the two conditions that warrant in-depth investigation. Although a substantial body of research has explored the relationship between COPD and lung cancer, studies focusing on the molecular mechanisms underlying their connection remain limited. This article reviews the latest research progress on the mechanisms of COPD complicated by lung cancer from four perspectives: the role of chronic pulmonary inflammation, programmed cell death, genetic and molecular interactions, and dysbiosis of the pulmonary microbiome. The aim of this article is to provide new insights and references for the prevention and therapeutic strategies of COPD complicated with lung cancer.

Dental implantology has developed rapidly for over half a century,since pure titanium(99.7％)dental cylindrical threaded implants were exploited and osseointegration was introduced in 1960s by Prof.Br?nemark.The long term retention rates of 10 years or more are over 95％.However,the biological complications jeopardize the long term effects of dental implant treatment seriously.The prevalence of dental implant biological complications varies greatly among different reports resulting from the disparities on the defini-tions of dental implant biological complications.After analyzing and summarizing the major opinions proposed internationally in recent years,the consensus for the definition of dental implant biological complications has been reached.Generally the dental implant biologi-cal implications can be classified into early stage(before restoration)biological complications and late stage(after restoration)biological complications.The early stage biological complications include acute and chronic infections,pain,soft tissue deficiency,and osseointegration failure,etc.The late stage complications include peri-implant diseases(peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis),soft tissue deficiency around implant,implant loosening and dropping off,etc.The various risk factors related to different dental implant biological complications,the strategies of the prevention and treatment for the dental implant biological complications have been discussed comprehensively,and the consensus has been reached.It is aimed to advocate the dentist to pay more attention to the early prevention of the biological implant complications,to promote more researches on the implant biological complications,and to help elevate the level of dental implantology in our country.

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a complex disease that significantly impacts women's reproductive and metabolic health.The reprogramming of glucose metabolism points to fundamental changes in energy metabolism,which are central to the imbalance in energy metabolism,hormonal abnormalities,increasing insulin resistance,and chronic inflammatory states observed in PCOS.This represents a core pathological link in the pathogenesis of PCOS.The theory of"Spleen Qi to Dispersing Essence"provides a comprehensive overview of spleen function,essential for ensuring the normal operation of organs and the distribution of Qi,blood,and bodily fluids.It serves as a crucial theoretical support for the treatment of PCOS with traditional Chinese medicine.This article explores the role of regulating PCOS based on the theory of"Spleen Qi to Dispersing Essence"with a focus on the reprogramming of glucose metabolism.The mechanism of traditional Chinese medicinal treatments that assist Spleen Qi to Dispersing Essence is closely related to regulating glucose metabolism reprogramming,offering a novel research direction for the treatment of PCOS with TCM.

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a complex disease that significantly impacts women's reproductive and metabolic health.The reprogramming of glucose metabolism points to fundamental changes in energy metabolism,which are central to the imbalance in energy metabolism,hormonal abnormalities,increasing insulin resistance,and chronic inflammatory states observed in PCOS.This represents a core pathological link in the pathogenesis of PCOS.The theory of"Spleen Qi to Dispersing Essence"provides a comprehensive overview of spleen function,essential for ensuring the normal operation of organs and the distribution of Qi,blood,and bodily fluids.It serves as a crucial theoretical support for the treatment of PCOS with traditional Chinese medicine.This article explores the role of regulating PCOS based on the theory of"Spleen Qi to Dispersing Essence"with a focus on the reprogramming of glucose metabolism.The mechanism of traditional Chinese medicinal treatments that assist Spleen Qi to Dispersing Essence is closely related to regulating glucose metabolism reprogramming,offering a novel research direction for the treatment of PCOS with TCM.

This study was aimed at identifying the pathogenic bacteria responsible for the death of a young tiger at the Fujian Meihua Mountain South China Tiger Breeding Research Institute.Tissue samples from the lungs,liver,and intestines of the deceased tiger were collected,and the bacteria were cultured inasterile environment.The bacterial strains were characterized according to their morphological and molecular biological properties,including assessment of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes,mouse lethality tests,and antibiotic susceptibility evaluations.A predominant bacterial strain isolated from the liver of the deceased tiger was identified as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)strain Tiger22513F.Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that the Tiger22513F strain exhibited close genetic similarity to the reference strain ETEC(MF919609.1),with 99.9%nucleotide similarity,and resided on the same evolutionary branch.The Tiger22513F strain contained 11 antibiotic resistance genes(tetA,sul1,sul3,cmlA,floR,blaTEM,blaSHV,blaCMY-2,qnrA,qnrS,and qnrD)along with five virulence genes(VT1,fyuA,tsh,iucD,and ST).Mouse lethality tests indicated significant pathogenicity toward mice,affecting primarily the lungs,liver,and intestines.Antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated that this strain exhibited resistance to various classes of beta-lactam antibiotics,as well as quinolones and aminoglycosides.This investigation successfully isolated a multi-drug resistant enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strain with pronounced pathogenicity from the liver of a deceased tiger;thus providing valuable scientific insights for clinical diagnosis,as well as prevention and control measures,against ETEC infections in South China tigers.

Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with the coexistence of Sj?gren's syndrome(SS)in patients with primary biliary cholangitis(PBC),and to develop and compare diagnostic prediction models for the comorbidity of the two conditions.Methods A total of 183 patients first diagnosed with PBC at The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2012 to April 2023 were included.They were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of SS:those with PBC alone(n=96)and those with PBC accompanied by SS(n=87).Clinical manifestations,serological antibody results,and laboratory parameters were compared between the two groups.Continuous data were compared using the t-test or Mann-Whitney U test,while categorical data were compared using the chi-square test.The risk factors for the presence of SS in PBC were identified through a multivariable Logistic regression analysis.Subsequently,an artificial neural network(ANN)model and a multiple logistic regression(MLR)model were constructed to predict the presence of SS in PBS.The receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted in MedCalc,and the area under the curve(AUC)was compared using the Delong test.Results Serum IgG level(odds ratio[OR]=1.600,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.364-1.876,P<0.001)was an independent risk factor,while serum total bilirubin level(OR=0.760,95%CI:0.700-0.811,P=0.005)was an independent protective factor against the presence of SS in patients with PBC.The AUCs of the ANN model and the MLR model diagnosing SS in PBC were 0.919(95%CI:0.870-0.954)and 0.896(95%CI:0.843-0.936),respectively,both showing good predictive efficacy,and the predictive efficacy of the ANN model was significantly better than that of the MLR model(P=0.019 2).Conclusion Patients with PBC complicated by SS usually present at an early stage with mild symptoms during their initial medical consultation,when early diagnosis and treatment are beneficial for their prognosis.For patients with PBC showing high serum IgG levels at the first diagnosis or consultation,SS screening is necessary.

Objective:To gain an in-depth understanding of the career development of male nurses in China, analyze trends, challenges, and opportunities, and provide a basis for policy-making, talent cultivation, and professional development in the nursing field.Methods:A descriptive qualitative research method was adopted. From March 29th to July 30th, 2023, the heads of the male nurses working groups of nursing associations in 26 regions of China were selected by purposive sampling method for semi-structured interviews. Content analysis was used to analyze the data.Results:The current situation of the career development of male nurses in China could be summarized into the following three themes. (1) Current situation: the organizational structure of provincial-level male nurses work was basically complete, but there were obvious differences at the grassroots level; the work was carried out in various forms, and diverse models developed in coordination; (2) Trends: there were obvious stratifications in professional ideology and professional abilities of male nurses among different regions and different-level medical institutions; the gender dividend was gradually decreasing, and male nurses should give play to their advantages in logical thinking ability; (3) Prospects: early intervention was needed to enhance professional identity and organizational support; male nurses should be trained in various aspects through multiple forms such as counterpart assistance, expert databases or online academic forums; interdisciplinary development might be the key to stimulating internal driving force.Conclusions:Significant progress has been made in the career development of male nurses in China, but there are still challenges and issues to address. Further improvements in related policies, enhancement of social recognition and professional status, and increased investment and support in research and education are needed to promote the sustained development of male nursing careers.

Dental implantology has developed rapidly for over half a century,since pure titanium(99.7％)dental cylindrical threaded implants were exploited and osseointegration was introduced in 1960s by Prof.Br?nemark.The long term retention rates of 10 years or more are over 95％.However,the biological complications jeopardize the long term effects of dental implant treatment seriously.The prevalence of dental implant biological complications varies greatly among different reports resulting from the disparities on the defini-tions of dental implant biological complications.After analyzing and summarizing the major opinions proposed internationally in recent years,the consensus for the definition of dental implant biological complications has been reached.Generally the dental implant biologi-cal implications can be classified into early stage(before restoration)biological complications and late stage(after restoration)biological complications.The early stage biological complications include acute and chronic infections,pain,soft tissue deficiency,and osseointegration failure,etc.The late stage complications include peri-implant diseases(peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis),soft tissue deficiency around implant,implant loosening and dropping off,etc.The various risk factors related to different dental implant biological complications,the strategies of the prevention and treatment for the dental implant biological complications have been discussed comprehensively,and the consensus has been reached.It is aimed to advocate the dentist to pay more attention to the early prevention of the biological implant complications,to promote more researches on the implant biological complications,and to help elevate the level of dental implantology in our country.

Objective:To evaluate the accuracy and safety profile of a novel cuboid orientation-guided frontal horn ventriculostomy technique in patients with large hemispheric infarction (LHI).Methods:It was conducted a retrospective cohort study of 48 consecutive LHI patients who underwent the innovative ventriculostomy procedure between time period. Primary outcomes included procedural accuracy (success rates, catheter positioning) and safety indicators (complication rates).Results:All the punctured ventricles were small or of normal size. The success rate of puncture was 100%, the success rate of one-time puncture was 87% (42/48), and the average number of puncture was 1.13 times per case. The ratio of well-positioned tube heads was 87.5% (42/48). The actual angle of the inward deviation of the puncture ranged from -2o to 5o, with an average of 0o±0.3o. The depth of puncture was 7.0-8.0 cm ( 7.3±0.3) cm. The incidence of bleeding around the puncture path was 1.3% (2/48 ) and no massive bleeding occurred. At the 6-month follow-up, one case (2.94%) among the 34 survivors had epilepsy.Conclusions:The cuboid orientation-guided frontal horn ventriculostomy technique demonstrates exceptional procedural accuracy and an excellent safety profile in LHI patients, with high first-pass success rates (87.5%) and minimal complications (4.2% minor hemorrhage). These findings support its clinical adoption for this patient population.

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a naturally occurring, low-toxicity, and hydrophilic bile acid (BA) in the human body that is converted by intestinal flora using primary BA. Solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) functions to uptake extracellular cystine in exchange for glutamate, and is highly expressed in a variety of human cancers. Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) refers to liposarcoma originating from the retroperitoneal area. Lipidomics analysis revealed that UDCA was one of the most significantly downregulated metabolites in sera of RLPS patients compared with healthy subjects. The augmentation of UDCA concentration (≥25 μg/mL) demonstrated a suppressive effect on the proliferation of liposarcoma cells. [¹⁵N₂]-cystine and [¹³C₅]-glutamine isotope tracing revealed that UDCA impairs cystine uptake and glutathione (GSH) synthesis. Mechanistically, UDCA binds to the cystine transporter SLC7A11 to inhibit cystine uptake and impair GSH de novo synthesis, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial oxidative damage. Furthermore, UDCA can promote the anti-cancer effects of ferroptosis inducers (Erastin, RSL3), the murine double minute 2 (MDM2) inhibitors (Nutlin 3a, RG7112), cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) inhibitor (Abemaciclib), and glutaminase inhibitor (CB839). Together, UDCA functions as a cystine exchange factor that binds to SLC7A11 for antitumor activity, and SLC7A11 is not only a new transporter for BA but also a clinically applicable target for UDCA. More importantly, in combination with other antitumor chemotherapy or physiotherapy treatments, UDCA may provide effective and promising treatment strategies for RLPS or other types of tumors in a ROS-dependent manner.