Objective: To explore effects and maintenance of school based sexual abuse prevention programs for minors, so as to provide scientific evidences for optimizing intervention design and policy making. Methods: Six Chinese and English databases were searched, including CNKI, Wanfang Database, Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, with the time frame set from database inception to December 31, 2024. Studies on school based sexual abuse prevention programs for minors were selected, and data on knowledge, attitudes and skills related to sexual abuse prevention were extracted. Meta analysis was performed using Stata 17. Results: A total of 26 studies were included. The Meta analysis results showed that school based sexual abuse prevention programs improved participants knowledge ( SMD=1.24, 95%CI =0.96-1.52), attitudes ( SMD=0.62, 95%CI =0.19-1.04) and skills ( SMD=0.66, 95%CI =0.50-0.83) (all P <0.01). During the overall follow up, the maintenance rates for knowledge, attitudes, and skills were 0.97(95% CI =0.95-1.00), 0.99(95% CI =0.95-1.04) and 1.01(95% CI =0.99-1.04), respectively, with no statistically significant differences (all P >0.05). However, knowledge retention declined significantly when follow up exceeded three months ( R=0.91, 95%CI=0.83-0.99, P <0.01), while skills retention ( R=0.94, 95%CI=0.87-1.02, P = 0.23) remained higher than knowledge and attitudes ( R=0.98, 95%CI=0.96-1.00, P =0.13), demonstrating stronger long term effects. Conclusion School based sexual abuse prevention programs are effective in enhancing participants knowledge, attitudes and skills, but the intervention effects diminish over time, particularly in knowledge retention.

Objective To construct scientific and standardized perioperative anesthesia health education content and improve the cooperation degree of perioperative anesthesia for patients undergoing surgery. Methods From March to October 2017, on the basis of reading the literature, through qualitative interviews with nurses of the Anesthesiology Department of a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital and 20 patients receiving general anesthesia, a draft of perioperative anesthesia health education content was formed. 17 anesthesia medical experts and 8 anesthesia nursing experts from 11 provinces in China were consulted and revised for 2 rounds by Delphi method.Results The recovery rates of pre-survey and two rounds of expert consultation papers were 100％, and the authority of experts was 0.896. The coordination of expert opinions by using Kendall Harmony Coefficient had statistical significance (P<0.001). The perioperative anesthesia health education content with 2 first-level entries, 10 second-level entries and 60 third-level entries was constructed.Conclusions A scientific and standardized content of perioperative anesthesia health education has been initially formed, but it needs to be applied to clinical practice to further verify whether it is universal, generalized and easy to operate.

Objective To explore the significance of abnormal lipid metabolism induced by hypoxia in mice with pulmonary hypertension.Methods Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were chosen and were randomly divided into the model group and the control group, each consisting of 15 animals.The mice in the model group were exposed to chronic hypoxia for the development of hypoxic pul -monary hypertension model , and the mice in the control group were housed in the chamber at the normal ambient air .Right heart cathe-terization was used to measure right ventricular systolic pressure in the 2 groups, Masson method was used to observe the small pulmona-ry vascular vessel remodeling , and the ELISA method was used to detect levels of high density lipoprotein ( HDL-C) , cholesterol ( TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C).The expressions of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) gene in the liver tissue were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.Results The right ventricular systolic pressure (40.12 ±8.22) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and right ventricular hypertrophy index (0.352 ± 0.050) in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).The pulmonary artery vascular wall of the model group was significantly thicker than that of the control group .The HDL-C level of the model group was (26.20 ±3.73) mg/dl, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).There was no statistical significance in the levels of TC and

[ ABSTRACT] AIM: To investigate the protective effect of autophagy on oxidized low density lipoprotein ( ox-LDL)-induced macrophage apoptosis and the underlying molecular mechanisms .METHODS:The RAW264.7 macropha-ges were pretreated with 3 mmol/L 3-methyladenine (3-MA), 1 μmol/L rapamycin (Rap) or 4 mmol/L 4-phenylbutyric acid ( PBA) respectively for 1 h and then treated with ox-LDL (100 mg/L) for 12 h.The cell viability and apoptosis were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, respectively.The activities of lactate de-hydrogenase ( LDH) in the medium and caspase-3 in the cells were determined by detection kits .The protein levels of bec-lin-1 (a molecular marker of autophagy ), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78, an endoplasmic reticulum stress marker) and C/EBP homologous protein ( CHOP, a key-signaling component of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis ) were examined by Western blot .Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3, another molecular marker of autoph-agy) was observed under laser scanning confocal microscope .RESULTS: Treatment of the RAW264.7 macrophages with ox-LDL at 100 mg/L for 12 h resulted in significant decrease in cell viability , and dramatic elevation in LDH leakage , cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity, which were promoted by 3-MA (an autophagy inhibitor) and inhibited by Rap (an autoph-agy inducer ) .ox-LDL induced autophagy in the macrophages as assessed by beclin-1 upregulation and frequent granulation of LC3, which were inhibited by 3-MA and promoted by Rap.Interestingly, 3-MA enhanced, while Rap blocked, the CHOP upregulation induced by ox-LDL.Moreover , PBA ( endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor ) significantly inhibited ox-LDL-induced GRP78 upregulation and autophagy as determined by the attenuation of beclin-1 upregulation and frequent granula-tion of LC3.CONCLUSION: Endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates ox-LDL-induced autophagy in macrophages , and moderates activation of autophagy may protect macrophages from ox-LDL-induced apoptosis by inhibiting CHOP expression .

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial process associated with endothelial cell injury and dysfunction , inflammation, oxidative stress, cell proliferation, angiogenesis and so on , all of which play a crucial role in atherosclerosis . Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is highly conservative in the development of body , abnormal activation of which is related to types of diseases including cancer .Accumulating studies have shown that Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in inflammation, oxidative stress and so on .This article would make a review about the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling path-way in atherosclerosis based on the pathogenic mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis as mentioned above .