Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of secondary autoimmune encephalitis (AE) in adult patients with epidemic encephalitis B (EEB).Methods:78 adult EEB patients admitted to the Hanzhong Central Hospital from January 2006 to September 2017 were selected and divided into two groups based on the occurrence of secondary AE: group A (with secondary AE) and group B (without secondary AE). Factors influencing secondary AE in EEB patients were analyzed, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of each factor for secondary AE.Results:After treatment, 28 out of 78 EEB patients (35.90%) developed secondary AE. The proportions of pulmonary infection, time from onset to admission, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), consciousness disorders, and respiratory disorders in the group A were significantly higher than those in the group B (all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that NLR, time from onset to admission, consciousness disorders, pulmonary infection, and respiratory disorders were influencing factors for secondary AE in EEB patients (all P<0.05). ROC curve analysis revealed that the combined detection of NLR, time from onset to admission, consciousness disorders, pulmonary infection, and respiratory disorders had higher sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) for predicting secondary AE than single detection (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The combined prediction of NLR, time from onset to admission, consciousness disorders, pulmonary infection, and respiratory disorders has high value for secondary AE in EEB patients. Clinically, these indicators can be used for early evaluation, and targeted interventions can be timely implemented to reduce the risk of secondary AE.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of secondary autoimmune encephalitis (AE) in adult patients with epidemic encephalitis B (EEB).Methods:78 adult EEB patients admitted to the Hanzhong Central Hospital from January 2006 to September 2017 were selected and divided into two groups based on the occurrence of secondary AE: group A (with secondary AE) and group B (without secondary AE). Factors influencing secondary AE in EEB patients were analyzed, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of each factor for secondary AE.Results:After treatment, 28 out of 78 EEB patients (35.90%) developed secondary AE. The proportions of pulmonary infection, time from onset to admission, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), consciousness disorders, and respiratory disorders in the group A were significantly higher than those in the group B (all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that NLR, time from onset to admission, consciousness disorders, pulmonary infection, and respiratory disorders were influencing factors for secondary AE in EEB patients (all P<0.05). ROC curve analysis revealed that the combined detection of NLR, time from onset to admission, consciousness disorders, pulmonary infection, and respiratory disorders had higher sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) for predicting secondary AE than single detection (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The combined prediction of NLR, time from onset to admission, consciousness disorders, pulmonary infection, and respiratory disorders has high value for secondary AE in EEB patients. Clinically, these indicators can be used for early evaluation, and targeted interventions can be timely implemented to reduce the risk of secondary AE.

OBJECTIVE To screen the primary processing methods of Ligusticum sinense slice based on differential metabolites， and provide theoretical basis for the scientific processing of L. sinense. METHODS Using 13 groups of L. sinense slice processed by fresh-cutting or traditional methods as samples， UHPLC-QE-MS was employed for metabolite identification. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to screen differential metabolites among the 13 sample groups， analyzing the effects of washing， soaking， drying methods， and drying cycles on both the relative expressions of differential metabolites and the contents of carboxylic acids and their derivatives in the samples （to reflect the total amino acid content）. RESULTS Principal component analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis both showed significant intergroup differences among the 13 sample groups. A total of 688 differential metabolites were screened from the 13 sample groups， with carboxylic acids and their derivatives showing the highest proportion. The relative expression levels of phosphatidylcholine significantly increased after washing treatment， while tryptophan expression significantly decreased after soaking treatment. Samples dried at 50-60 ℃ showed significantly increased expression of psoralen， whereas those dried at 40 ℃ showed significantly decreased expression of methyl -p- methoxycinnamate. Both washing and soaking treatments significantly reduced the total amino acid content in samples， while secondary drying significantly increased it. The three controlled-temperature drying methods maintained relatively stable total content of amino acids in samples. CONCLUSIONS The optimal processing protocol for L. sinense slice is as follows: fresh L. sinense slice should be freshly cut at the production site， undergo quick washing after soil removal， and be dried twice at 40 ℃ （before and after slicing）.

OBJECTIVE To establish the fingerprints of Ligusticum sinense from different habitats ，screen differential components and determine their contents. METHODS Using Z-ligustilide as reference ，HPLC fingerprints of 12 batches of L. sinense were established by using Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprints of TCM （2012 edition）；common peaks were identified and their similarities were evaluated. Cluster analysis （CA），principal component analysis （PCA）and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）were performed to screen differential components with variable importance in the projection （VIP）＞1 as standard ；meanwhile，the contents of above differential components were determined by the same HPLC method. RESULTS There were 17 common peaks in the fingerprints of 12 batches of L. sinense ，and their similarities ranged 0.989-1.000. A total of 9 common peaks were identified ，i.e. chlorogenic acid （peak 1），ferulic acid （peak 2）， senkyunolide Ⅰ（peak 7），coniferyl ferulate （peak 9），E-ligustilide（peak 13），senkyunolide A （peak 14），Z-ligustilide（peak 17）. CA results showed that 12 batches of L. sinense were divided into 3 categories，S1-S5（Wuning）were clustered into one category，S6-S8（Ruichang）were clustered into one category ，S9-S12（De’an）were clustered into one category ；the VIP values of peaks 2，13，14 and 17（corresponding to ferulic acid ，E-ligustilide，senkyunolide A ，and Z-ligustilide respectively ）were all greater than 1，respectively. In S 1-S5，S6-S8 and S 9-S12 samples，the contents of ferulic acid were 0.488-0.533，0.603-0.658 and 0.415-0.433 mg/g，respectively；senkyunolide A were 1.184-1.295，1.450-1.588 and 1.307-1.377 mg/g，respectively；E-ligustilide were 0.118-0.125，0.130-0.135 and 0.223-0.229 mg/g，respectively；Z-ligustilide were 7.200-7.681，8.076-8.643 and 4.508-4.996 mg/g， respectively；the differences between two groups were statisti-cally significant （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Established ARS-11）；fingerprint is simple and accurate ，and can be used for overall quality evaluation of L. sinense from different habitats by combining with multivariate statistical analysis. Ferulic acid ， senkyunolide A ，Z-ligustilide and E-ligustilide may be the differential components that affect the quality of L. sinense from different habitats ，the contents of the first 3 components in L. sinense from Ruichang are the highest ，and the content of E-ligustilide in samples from De’an is the highest.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CVSD) is a group of small vascular diseases involving small arteries,arterioles,small veins,venules,and capillaries.The imaging findings were lacunar infarction,cerebral microbleeds,cerebral white matter lesions,and perivascular space expansion.In recent years,the incidence of CSVD is increasing,which brings different degree of economic burden to the families and society.It becomes the focus of research at present.The permeability change of blood-brain barrier is the main reason for the onset of CSVD.This article reviews the relationship between the integrity of blood-brain barrier and CSVD.

Objective To explore the protective effects of a new military functional food NB-5 on psychological stress-induced oxidative stress .Methods Rat whiskers were completely removed to induce the oxidative stress , and the concen-trations of MDA and protein carbonyl in various organs were detected to study the damage to membrane lipid and protein . Rats were fed with NB-5 for 4 weeks, and the oxidative stress was induced by whisker cutting .Biochemical marks men-tioned above were detected to explore the protective effects of NB-5.Results and Conclusion Lipid and protein peroxida-tion occurred in the brain , heart, liver, spleen and kidney after whisker removal due to emotional stress , while the catalase ( CAT) activity decreased significantly in these organs except the spleen .In this experiment model , NB-5 showed a good free radical scavenging activity to reduce the lipid and protein peroxidation among whisker -cutting rats fed with NB-5 in ad-vance.So NB-5 can serve as a good food for soldiers in case of emergency incidents .