Objective To establish a forensic age inference method based on age-related changes in maxillofacial CBCT imaging of Han population in North China.Methods CBCT imaging data of Han people aged 7～50 years were collected from September 2021 to September 2023.Mimics 17.0 software was used to perform 3D reconstruction on 480 cases that met the inclusion criteria(420 cases in the experimental group,60 cases in the blind test group,with a 50%male-to-female ratio)and obtain measured values for 16 indicators.The data were then statistically analyzed using SPSS 27.0 to identify age-related significant indicators and establish regression equations.Results Regression equations based on age-related significant indicators were established for different genders and age intervals.The accuracy of the equations decreased as the age interval increased.The blind test accuracy rates of regression equations for males across different age groups ranged between 62.6%and 80.6%,while for females,they ranged between 55.3%and 76.6%.Conclusion This study enriches maxillofacial skeletal data for Chinese population and establishes multivariate age inference regression equations based on significant indicators of age-related changes in maxillofacial CBCT,providing a new reference basis and inference method for forensic age assessment.

Objective To establish a forensic age inference method based on age-related changes in maxillofacial CBCT imaging of Han population in North China.Methods CBCT imaging data of Han people aged 7～50 years were collected from September 2021 to September 2023.Mimics 17.0 software was used to perform 3D reconstruction on 480 cases that met the inclusion criteria(420 cases in the experimental group,60 cases in the blind test group,with a 50%male-to-female ratio)and obtain measured values for 16 indicators.The data were then statistically analyzed using SPSS 27.0 to identify age-related significant indicators and establish regression equations.Results Regression equations based on age-related significant indicators were established for different genders and age intervals.The accuracy of the equations decreased as the age interval increased.The blind test accuracy rates of regression equations for males across different age groups ranged between 62.6%and 80.6%,while for females,they ranged between 55.3%and 76.6%.Conclusion This study enriches maxillofacial skeletal data for Chinese population and establishes multivariate age inference regression equations based on significant indicators of age-related changes in maxillofacial CBCT,providing a new reference basis and inference method for forensic age assessment.

Objective To investigate the frequency of staging behaviors involved in intimate partner homicide cases,as well as their correlation with the nature of death,medico-legal characteristics,and their correspondence with real causes of death.In order to improve the forensic understanding of staging behaviors in intimate partner homicide cases.Methods Using 100 investigated intimate homicides,forensic elements were statistically analyzed.The Chi square test was used to analyze the correlation between staging behavior and intimate partners,cause of death,injury weapons,time of death,degree of injury,resistance injury,postmortem intervals,and other specific elements and the occurrence of staging behavior.The corresponding partner between staging cause of death and real cause of death was clarified.Results Among the 100 intimate partner homicides,22 involved staging behaviors.Out of 10 cases of"staging"suicide,6 cases(60%)were attributed to staged causes of death.Among the 12"accidental"cases,there were 10 cases(83.33%)of staged causes of death.Staging manner of death appeared in 3 cases(30%)of"suicide"cases,and there was only one in"accidental"case(8.3%).The proportion of staged causes of death in strangulation cases was relatively high(35.71%,10/28).In cases with mild damage,the proportion of staging causes of death is higher(15/46).In cases without defense injuries,the proportion of staged causes of death was 23.19%(16/69).Among the true causes of death,strangulation in homicide was most commonly staged.Conclusion Different relationships of intimate partners did not affect the occurrence and distribution of staging behaviors.In cases involving staging behavior,the number of cases with staging as"accidental"nature of death is higher than that of"suicide"cases.The deaths with minor surface injuries such as strangulation and poisoning can be easily staging as suicide or accident.

Objective To investigate the frequency of staging behaviors involved in intimate partner homicide cases,as well as their correlation with the nature of death,medico-legal characteristics,and their correspondence with real causes of death.In order to improve the forensic understanding of staging behaviors in intimate partner homicide cases.Methods Using 100 investigated intimate homicides,forensic elements were statistically analyzed.The Chi square test was used to analyze the correlation between staging behavior and intimate partners,cause of death,injury weapons,time of death,degree of injury,resistance injury,postmortem intervals,and other specific elements and the occurrence of staging behavior.The corresponding partner between staging cause of death and real cause of death was clarified.Results Among the 100 intimate partner homicides,22 involved staging behaviors.Out of 10 cases of"staging"suicide,6 cases(60%)were attributed to staged causes of death.Among the 12"accidental"cases,there were 10 cases(83.33%)of staged causes of death.Staging manner of death appeared in 3 cases(30%)of"suicide"cases,and there was only one in"accidental"case(8.3%).The proportion of staged causes of death in strangulation cases was relatively high(35.71%,10/28).In cases with mild damage,the proportion of staging causes of death is higher(15/46).In cases without defense injuries,the proportion of staged causes of death was 23.19%(16/69).Among the true causes of death,strangulation in homicide was most commonly staged.Conclusion Different relationships of intimate partners did not affect the occurrence and distribution of staging behaviors.In cases involving staging behavior,the number of cases with staging as"accidental"nature of death is higher than that of"suicide"cases.The deaths with minor surface injuries such as strangulation and poisoning can be easily staging as suicide or accident.

Objective To investigate the relationship between changes in the liver computed tomography (CT) images and the postmortem interval (PMI) of rabbits 129 h after their death due to hemorrhagic shock. Methods CT scanning was used to investigate the hemorrhagic shock death model in 23 rabbits to identify the postmortem cerebral changes from 0 h to 129 h after death. Results The liver or lumbar area in the liver window showed the following characteristic changes: from unchanged, to rapid shrinkage, to slow shrinkage; the mean CT values of the liver initially increased and subsequently decreased. The regression equations for the relationship between the two indices and PMI were established by surgery, and they all had statistical significance (P ＜ 0. 01). Conclusion CT scanning can accurately show changes in the rabbit liver after death. The mean CT value of the liver tissue is more sensitive for inferring early PMI. Furthermore, the liver area/lumbar area ratio parameters are more sensitive for inferring mid-late PMI.

Objective This study aims to better understand lightning deaths and their distribution law in Liaoning Province and provide a reliable basis for the forensic analysis and identification of lightning deaths and the related research. Methods A retrospective review of related data of lightning deaths from Forensic Science Division of Liaoning Provincial Public Security Department was performed between 2010 and 2015 .Results One hundred and twelve decedents were identified, ages 6–72 years old (mean 37.4 years old), 85 males and 27 females. Physical findings were often related to the superthermal effect carried by the electrical current including the damage of clothing and the metal items(55.4%) , burning of skin(54.5%), lightning mark(19.6%). Most deaths occurred from June to August of each year between 14:00 and 20:00 at weekends, associated with the location, work and activity environment. The number of deaths in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas. Conclusion The occurrence of lightning death cases has certain regularity,systematic and comprehensive examination of lightning deaths are required. Through the statistics of the lightning deaths in Liaoning Province and the analysis of related influencing factors , it is conducive to improving the level of scene investigation and forensic identification of the lightning deaths.