Objective:To explore the relationship between resilience and social function in patients with bipolar disorder.Methods:A total of 127 patients with bipolar disorder were investigated using the questionnaires of Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) and scale of social function of psychosis inpatients (SSFPI). The relationship between resilience and social function was analyzed by correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis.Results:The scores of resilience and social function of patients with bipolar disorder were (45.32±13.84) and (31.38±5.09) respectively.And the CD-RISC score of patients with bipolar disorder was positively correlated with the SSFPI total score ( r=0.499, P<0.01). The stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the social function of patients with bipolar disorder was affected by tenacity( β=0.336, t=3.42, P=0.001), the age of first onset( β=0.186, t=2.416, P=0.017)and strength( β= 0.205, t=2.053, P=0.042), accounted for 29.9% of the total variation. Conclusion:The resilience level of patients with bipolar disorder is positively related with social function.Resilience levels can influence social function, so effective and targeted measures should be taken to improve their resilience level in order to improve social function of patients with bipolar disorder.

Objective To investigate the capability of empathy to pain under the explicit and implicit task in the depressed patients.Methods 37 patients with depression and 36 healthy controls matched for age,gender and education were recruited.Empathy to pain paradigm was used.Chinese Version of Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI-C) was used to measure empathy.Results (1)Patients showed lower scores in factors of perspective taking ((9.0±4.2) vs.(11.2±4.4)),fantasy ((12.9±4.6) vs.(15.7±3.8)) (t=-2.3,P＜0.01;t=-3.0,P＜0.05),higher scores in factors of personal distress((11.3±4.7) vs.(7.2±4.2)) (t=4.1,P＜0.01) in IRI-C.(2)In accurate rate,repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVAs) showed a significant effect for task(F(1,71)=61.82,P＜0.01),emotion (F(1,71)=65.79,P＜0.01),the interaction effect of the task and group was significant (F(1,71)=4.37,P＜0.05).In explicit task,emotion showed a significant effect (F(1.71) =28.25,P＜0.01),there was significant difference between two groups (F(1,71)=4.04,P＜0.05),furthermore,compared to the controls,the accuracy of painful pictures was significantly lower in patients (F(1,71) =4.07,P＜ 0.05),but not different in the accuracy of the neutral pictures (P＞0.05) by the one-way ANOVA.(3)In reaction time,repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVAs) showed a significant effect for task (F(1,71)=65.56,P＜0.01),emotion (F(1,71)=9.54,P＜0.05),and the interaction effect among the task,emotion and group was not significant (P＞0.05).Couclusion Depressed patients may have a declined capability of empathy toward other people's pain.

Objective To investigate the capability of empathy to pain under the explicit and implicit task in the depressed patients.Methods 37 patients with depression and 36 healthy controls matched for age,gender and education were recruited.Empathy to pain paradigm was used.Chinese Version of Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI-C) was used to measure empathy.Results (1)Patients showed lower scores in factors of perspective taking ((9.0±4.2) vs.(11.2±4.4)),fantasy ((12.9±4.6) vs.(15.7±3.8)) (t=-2.3,P＜0.01;t=-3.0,P＜0.05),higher scores in factors of personal distress((11.3±4.7) vs.(7.2±4.2)) (t=4.1,P＜0.01) in IRI-C.(2)In accurate rate,repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVAs) showed a significant effect for task(F(1,71)=61.82,P＜0.01),emotion (F(1,71)=65.79,P＜0.01),the interaction effect of the task and group was significant (F(1,71)=4.37,P＜0.05).In explicit task,emotion showed a significant effect (F(1.71) =28.25,P＜0.01),there was significant difference between two groups (F(1,71)=4.04,P＜0.05),furthermore,compared to the controls,the accuracy of painful pictures was significantly lower in patients (F(1,71) =4.07,P＜ 0.05),but not different in the accuracy of the neutral pictures (P＞0.05) by the one-way ANOVA.(3)In reaction time,repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVAs) showed a significant effect for task (F(1,71)=65.56,P＜0.01),emotion (F(1,71)=9.54,P＜0.05),and the interaction effect among the task,emotion and group was not significant (P＞0.05).Couclusion Depressed patients may have a declined capability of empathy toward other people's pain.