Objective To evaluate the efficacy,safety,and economic efficiency of toripalimab therapy for advanced esophageal cancer by rapid health technology assessment(rHTA),so as to provide clinical reference for drug use.Methods PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP databases and official websites of health technology assessment institutions were electronically searched to collect high-quality clinical evidence and economic evaluation literature of toripalimab therapy for advanced esophageal cancer from inception to September 30,2025.Two reviewers independently identified studies,extracted data,assessed the quality of included studies,then the results were summarised and analysed using qualitative descriptive methods.Results A total of 18 articles were included,including 9 systematic reviews/Meta-analysis and 9 economic studies.In terms of efficacy,compared with the simple chemotherapy regimen,the combination chemotherapy regimen of toripalimab could significantly prolong the overall survival(OS)and progression free survival(PFS)of patients with advanced esophageal cancer,while improving the objective response rate(ORR)of patients.In terms of safety,there was no significant difference in the incidence of serious adverse events and overall adverse events between combination chemotherapy with toripalimab and chemotherapy alone.Moreover,compared with other immunotherapy combination therapies,the incidence of adverse events in combination chemotherapy with toripalimab was lower.In terms of economy,the combination of toripalimab and chemotherapy not only improves the clinical symptoms of advanced esophageal cancer patients,but also offers economic advantages.Conclusion Toripalimab is effective,safe and economical in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer.

AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural,chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,strychnine,paeoniflorin,ferulic acid,paeoniflorin Ⅰ,epimedium glycoside,psoralen,isopsoralen and glycyrrhetinic acid in Bunao Soft Capsules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 35 ℃ thermostatic Waters Symmetry C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1％phosphoric acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelengths were set at 230,280 nm.RESULTS Eleven constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r＞0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 98.47％-103.30％with RSDs of 1.13％-2.80％.CONCLUSION This simple and reliable method can be used for the quality control of Bunao Soft Capsules.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy,safety,and economic efficiency of toripalimab therapy for advanced esophageal cancer by rapid health technology assessment(rHTA),so as to provide clinical reference for drug use.Methods PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP databases and official websites of health technology assessment institutions were electronically searched to collect high-quality clinical evidence and economic evaluation literature of toripalimab therapy for advanced esophageal cancer from inception to September 30,2025.Two reviewers independently identified studies,extracted data,assessed the quality of included studies,then the results were summarised and analysed using qualitative descriptive methods.Results A total of 18 articles were included,including 9 systematic reviews/Meta-analysis and 9 economic studies.In terms of efficacy,compared with the simple chemotherapy regimen,the combination chemotherapy regimen of toripalimab could significantly prolong the overall survival(OS)and progression free survival(PFS)of patients with advanced esophageal cancer,while improving the objective response rate(ORR)of patients.In terms of safety,there was no significant difference in the incidence of serious adverse events and overall adverse events between combination chemotherapy with toripalimab and chemotherapy alone.Moreover,compared with other immunotherapy combination therapies,the incidence of adverse events in combination chemotherapy with toripalimab was lower.In terms of economy,the combination of toripalimab and chemotherapy not only improves the clinical symptoms of advanced esophageal cancer patients,but also offers economic advantages.Conclusion Toripalimab is effective,safe and economical in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer.

AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural,chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,strychnine,paeoniflorin,ferulic acid,paeoniflorin Ⅰ,epimedium glycoside,psoralen,isopsoralen and glycyrrhetinic acid in Bunao Soft Capsules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 35 ℃ thermostatic Waters Symmetry C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1％phosphoric acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelengths were set at 230,280 nm.RESULTS Eleven constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r＞0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 98.47％-103.30％with RSDs of 1.13％-2.80％.CONCLUSION This simple and reliable method can be used for the quality control of Bunao Soft Capsules.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of chronic osteomyelitis and to clarify the role of MAPK signal pathway in the pathogenesis of chronic osteomyelitis,by collecting and analyzing the transcriptional information of bone tissue in patients with chronic osteomyelitis.Methods Four cases of traumatic osteomyelitis in limbs from June 2019 to June 2020 were selected,and the samples of necrotic osteonecrosis from chronic osteomyelitis(necrotic group),and normal bone tissue(control group)were collected.Transcriptome information was collected by Illumina Hiseq Xten high throughput sequencing platform,and the gene expression in bone tissue was calculated by FPKM.The differentially expressed genes were screened by comparing the transcripts of the Necrotic group and control group.Genes were enriched by GO and KEGG.MAP3K7 and NFATC1 were selected as differential targets in the verification experiments,by using rat osteomyelitis animal model and im-munohistochemical analysis.Results A total of 5548 differentially expressed genes were obtained by high throughput sequenc-ing by comparing the necrotic group and control group,including 2701 up-regulated and 2847 down-regulated genes.The genes enriched in MAPK pathway and osteoclast differentiation pathway were screened,the common genes expressed in both MAPK and osteoclast differentiation pathway were(inhibitor of nuclear factor κ subunit Beta,IκBKβ),(mitogen-activated protein ki-nase 7,MAP3K7),(nuclear factor of activated t cells 1,NFATC1)and(nuclear factor Kappa B subunit 2,NFκB2).In rat os-teomyelitis model,MAP3K7 and NFATC1 were highly expressed in bone marrow and injured bone tissue.Conclusion Based on the transcriptome analysis,the MAPK signaling and osteoclast differentiation pathways were closely related to chronic os-teomyelitis,and the key genes IκBKβ,MAP3K7,NFATC1,NFκB2 might be new targets for clinical diagnosis and therapy of chronic osteomyelitis.

With Zang-Fu organs, meridians, Qi and blood, and body fluid as the physiological and pathological basis, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) theory is guided by the holistic concept and characterized by syndrome differentiation. It has made significant contributions to human health maintenance and disease prevention. Modern TCM preparation is developed on the basis of inheriting and developing TCM preparations using modern science and technology under the guidance of TCM theory. At present, the incidence and mortality of common tumors are increasing. TCM has rich clinical experience in the treatment of tumors. However, in the current stage, some TCM preparations have a tendency to deviate from the guidance of TCM theory. With the modernization of TCM, it is worth considering how TCM theory guides modern TCM preparations. Taking tumor treatment as an example, this paper introduced the development of TCM nano-preparation under the influence of modern nanotechnology, summarized the research on the development of modern TCM nano-preparation from the aspects of TCM holistic concept, TCM treatment principles, and TCM theory application, and discussed the application prospect of TCM nano-preparation in overall therapy, drug pairing, carrier selection, and targeted substance selection under the guidance of TCM theory. This paper provides new references for further developing the combination of tradition and modernization of TCM nano-preparation.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Biological Products ; Nanotechnology ; Neoplasms/drug therapy*

Humans ; Ulcer/pathology* ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Skin Diseases

OBJECTIVES: To explore the feasibility of genetic marker detection of semen-specific coding region single nucleotide polymorphism (cSNP) based on SNaPshot technology in semen stains and mixed body fluid identification. METHODS: Genomic DNA (gDNA) and total RNA were extracted from 16 semen stains and 11 mixtures composed of semen and venous blood, and the total RNA was reverse transcribed into complementary DNA (cDNA). The cSNP genetic markers were screened on the validated semen-specific mRNA coding genes. The cSNP multiplex detection system based on SNaPshot technology was established, and samples were genotyped by capillary electrophoresis (CE). RESULTS: A multiplex detection system containing 5 semen-specific cSNPs was successfully established. In 16 semen samples, except the cSNP located in the TGM4 gene showed allele loss in cDNA detection results, the gDNA and cDNA typing results of other cSNPs were highly consistent. When detecting semen-venous blood mixtures, the results of cSNP typing detected were consistent with the genotype of semen donor and were not interfered by the genotype of venous blood donor. CONCLUSIONS The method of semen-specific cSNPs detection by SNaPshot technology method can be applied to the genotyping of semen (stains) and provide information for determining the origin of semen in mixed body fluids (stains).
Genetic Markers ; Semen ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; DNA, Complementary/genetics* ; Body Fluids ; RNA, Messenger/genetics* ; DNA ; Saliva ; Forensic Genetics/methods*

Objective: To investigate the safety, feasibility and short-term efficacy of total laparoscopic loop ileostomy reversal in patients after resection of rectal cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 20 patients who underwent total laparoscopic loop ileoscopic loop ileostomy after radical resection of rectal cancer at Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, or Beijing Chaoyang District Sanhuan Cancer Hospital from October 2019 to June 2020 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results: All patients had successfully underwent total laparoscopic ileostomy reversal without conversion to open surgery or discontinued operation. No perioperative related death cases were found. In the whole group, the median operation time was 97 (60-145) minutes and the median intraoperative blood loss was 20 (10-100) milliliters. The median Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was 1.9 (1-5) one day after the operation. Nobody needed to use additional analgesic drugs. The median time to grand activities was 25 (16-42) hours, the median time to flatus was 44 (19-51) hours, and the median hospitalization after operation was 6.9 (5-9) days. No patients underwent operation related complications such as operative incision infection, abdominal and pelvic infection, intestinal obstruction, anastomotic leakage, bleeding and so on. Conclusions: Total laparoscopic loop ileostomy reversal appears to be safe, feasible and with promising efficacy for selected patients.
Humans ; Ileostomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Laparoscopy ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Anastomotic Leak ; Anastomosis, Surgical

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of dry and wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in patients with diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and to analyze the risk factors for AMD. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional epidemiologic study was conducted involving 14,440 individuals. We assessed the prevalence of dry and wet AMD in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects and analyzed the risk factors for AMD. Results: The prevalence of wet AMD in diabetic and non-diabetic patients was 0.3% and 0.5%, respectively, and the prevalence of dry AMD was 17% and 16.4%, respectively. The prevalence of wet AMD in healthy, hypertensive, hyperlipidemic, and hypertensive/hyperlipidemic populations was 0.5%, 0.3%, 0.2%, and 0.7%, respectively. The prevalence of dry AMD in healthy, hypertensive, hyperlipidemic, and hypertensive/hyperlipidemic populations was 16.6%, 16.2%, 15.2%, and 17.2%, respectively. Age, sex, body mass index, and use of hypoglycemic drugs or lowering blood pressure drugs were corrected in the risk factor analysis of AMD. Diabetes, diabetes/hypertension, diabetes/hyperlipidemia, and diabetes/hypertension/hyperlipidemia were analyzed. None of the factors analyzed in the current study increased the risk for the onset of AMD. Conclusion There was no significant difference in the prevalence of wet and dry AMD among diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of wet and dry AMD among subjects with hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Diabetes co-existing with hypertension and hyperlipidemia were not shown to be risk factors for the onset of dry AMD.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias/epidemiology* ; Hypertension/epidemiology* ; Macular Degeneration/etiology* ; Risk Factors