Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression.Methods An open,single-arm,multi-center design was adopted in our study.Adult patients with mild and moderate depression who had received acute treatment of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides were enrolled and continue to receive Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules for 24 weeks,the dose remained unchanged during continuation treatment.The remission rate,recurrence rate,recurrence time,and the change from baseline to endpoint of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Clinical Global Impression-Severity(CGI-S)and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale(ASEX)were evaluated.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was reported.Results The scores of HAMD-17 at baseline and after treatment were 6.60±1.87 and 5.85±4.18,scores of HAMA were 6.36±3.02 and 4.93±3.09,scores of CGI-S were 1.49±0.56 and 1.29±0.81,scores of ASEX were 15.92±4.72 and 15.57±5.26,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After continuation treatment,the remission rate was 54.59％(202 cases/370 cases),and the recurrence rate was 6.49％(24 cases/370 cases),the recurrence time was(64.67±42.47)days.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 15.35％(64 cases/417 cases).Conclusion Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules can be effectively used for the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression,and are well tolerated and safe.

Objective The leptin receptor,encoded by the LEPR gene,is involved in tumorigenesis.A potential functional variant of LEPR,rs1137101(Gln223Arg),has been extensively investigated for its contribution to the risk of digestive system(DS)cancers,but results remain conflicting rather than conclusive.Here,we performed a case-control study and subsequent meta-analysis to examine the association between rs1137101 and DS cancer risk. Methods A total of 1,727 patients with cancer(gastric/liver/colorectal:460/480/787)and 800 healthy controls were recruited.Genotyping of rs1137101 was conducted using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)assay and confirmed using Sanger sequencing.Twenty-four eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis. Results After Bonferroni correction,the case-control study revealed that rs1137101 was significantly associated with the risk of liver cancer in the Hubei Chinese population.The meta-analysis suggested that rs1137101 is significantly associated with the risk of overall DS,gastric,and liver cancer in the Chinese population. Conclusion The LEPR rs1137101 variant may be a genetic biomarker for susceptibility to DS cancers(especially liver and gastric cancer)in the Chinese population.

Objective To observe the effect of oxycodone hydrochloride injection combined with sufentanil citrate injection on sedation,analgesia and postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia in orthopedics department.Methods Elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia were divided into the control group and the treatment group by random number classification.The control group was given patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCI A)with 2 μg·kg-1of sufentanil citrate injection and 0.075 mg·kg-1 of palonosetron hydrochloride injection,and the treatment group was given PCIA with 0.2 μg·kg-1 of oxycodone hydrochloride injection,1 μg·kg-1 of sufentanil citrate injection and 0.075 mg·kg-1 of palonosetron hydrochloride injection.The analgesic and sedative effects at different time points,clinical indicators,hemodynamic indicators,and the incidence of postoperative delirium were compared between the two groups.Safety was evaluated.Results In the treatment group,56 patients were enrolled,and no patients fell off finally,56 patients were included in the statistical analysis.In the control group,56 cases were enrolled,4 cases were lost,and finally 52 cases were included in the statistical analysis.The Ramsay scores of the treatment group and the control group were(2.60±0.41)and(2.14±0.35)points at 24 h after surgery;and the Ramsay scores at 48 h were(2.15±0.27)and(2.00±0.28)points,respectively;the pain visual analogue scale(VAS)at 24 h after surgery were(2.21±0.56)and(2.50±0.58)points;and the VAS at 48 h after surgery were(1.70±0.47)and(1.94±0.55)points,respectively;the total amount of PCIA administration within 48 h after surgery were(38.05±10.70)and(50.28±15.87)V·mL-1;the number of PCIA compressions were 7.23±1.21 and 8.24±1.50,respectively;24 h mean arterial pressure(MAP)were(95.24±9.30)and(100.54±8.93)mmHg;and 48 h MAP were(88.36±8.29)and(92.15±7.36)mmHg,respectively;the CAM scores on day 1 after surgery were 19.38±2.00 and 20.29±1.50,respectively;the incidence of postoperative delirium were 5.36％(3 cases/56 cases)and 17.31％(9 cases/52 cases),respectively.The differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The adverse drug reactions in the treatment group were mainly nausea,vomiting,dizziness and chills,while those in the control group were mainly nausea,vomiting and chills.The total incidence of adverse drug reactions in treatment group and control group were 10.71％(6 cases/56 cases)and 7.69％(4 cases/52 cases),respectively,with no statistical significance(P＞0.05).Conclusion Oxycodone hydrochloride injection combined with sufentanil citrate injection has a better sedative and analgesic effect than sufentanil citrate injection PCIA in elderly orthopedic patients with postoperative general anesthesia,and does not increase the risk of adverse drug reactions.

Objective To observe the effect of oxycodone hydrochloride injection combined with sufentanil citrate injection on sedation,analgesia and postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia in orthopedics department.Methods Elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia were divided into the control group and the treatment group by random number classification.The control group was given patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCI A)with 2 μg·kg-1of sufentanil citrate injection and 0.075 mg·kg-1 of palonosetron hydrochloride injection,and the treatment group was given PCIA with 0.2 μg·kg-1 of oxycodone hydrochloride injection,1 μg·kg-1 of sufentanil citrate injection and 0.075 mg·kg-1 of palonosetron hydrochloride injection.The analgesic and sedative effects at different time points,clinical indicators,hemodynamic indicators,and the incidence of postoperative delirium were compared between the two groups.Safety was evaluated.Results In the treatment group,56 patients were enrolled,and no patients fell off finally,56 patients were included in the statistical analysis.In the control group,56 cases were enrolled,4 cases were lost,and finally 52 cases were included in the statistical analysis.The Ramsay scores of the treatment group and the control group were(2.60±0.41)and(2.14±0.35)points at 24 h after surgery;and the Ramsay scores at 48 h were(2.15±0.27)and(2.00±0.28)points,respectively;the pain visual analogue scale(VAS)at 24 h after surgery were(2.21±0.56)and(2.50±0.58)points;and the VAS at 48 h after surgery were(1.70±0.47)and(1.94±0.55)points,respectively;the total amount of PCIA administration within 48 h after surgery were(38.05±10.70)and(50.28±15.87)V·mL-1;the number of PCIA compressions were 7.23±1.21 and 8.24±1.50,respectively;24 h mean arterial pressure(MAP)were(95.24±9.30)and(100.54±8.93)mmHg;and 48 h MAP were(88.36±8.29)and(92.15±7.36)mmHg,respectively;the CAM scores on day 1 after surgery were 19.38±2.00 and 20.29±1.50,respectively;the incidence of postoperative delirium were 5.36％(3 cases/56 cases)and 17.31％(9 cases/52 cases),respectively.The differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The adverse drug reactions in the treatment group were mainly nausea,vomiting,dizziness and chills,while those in the control group were mainly nausea,vomiting and chills.The total incidence of adverse drug reactions in treatment group and control group were 10.71％(6 cases/56 cases)and 7.69％(4 cases/52 cases),respectively,with no statistical significance(P＞0.05).Conclusion Oxycodone hydrochloride injection combined with sufentanil citrate injection has a better sedative and analgesic effect than sufentanil citrate injection PCIA in elderly orthopedic patients with postoperative general anesthesia,and does not increase the risk of adverse drug reactions.

Objective: To analyze the levels and distribution characteristics of blood cadmium and urinary cadmium in American adults, to analyze the relationship between blood cadmium and urinary cadmium and pulmonary function dose response, and to explore the effect of this index on the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods: In March 2022, 3785 patients from 2007 to 2012 in NHANES database were selected as the subjects. Collect demography data such as gender and age, and test data such as lung function, blood cadmium concentration and Urine cadimium concentration. The relationship between blood and urine cadmium levels and lung function and pulmonary function and chronic obstructive pulmonary diease (COPD) was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test, multivariate linear regression and restricted cubic spline method. Results: The geometric mean of blood cadmium and urine cadmium in American adults was 0.37 g/L and 0.28 g/L, FEV(1) and FEV(1)/FVC among different cadmium exposure groups was statistically significant, and there was a negative linear dose-response relationship between serum Cd and urine Cd concentrations and FEV(1)/FVC levels (P(overall)<0.001, P(non-linear)=0.152; P(overall)<0.001, P(non-linear)=0.926). Compared with the lowest quartile concentration (Q1), the highest quartile blood cadmium concentration (Q4) (OR=1.934, P(trend)=0.000) and urinary cadmium concentration (OR=1.683, P(trend)=0.000) may increased the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between blood cadmium, urinary cadmium levels and lung function in American adults, and cadmium may increase the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Adult ; Humans ; Cadmium ; Nutrition Surveys ; Lung ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Respiratory Function Tests

To explore the composition and diversity of the intestinal microflora of Leopoldamys edwardsi in Hainan Island. In November 2019, DNA was extracted from fecal samples of 25 adult Leopoldamys edwardsi (14 males and 11 females) in Hainan Island at the Joint Laboratory of tropical infectious diseases of Hainan Medical College and Hong Kong University. Based on the IonS5TMXL sequencing platform, single-end sequencing (Single-End) was used to construct a small fragment library for single-end sequencing. Based on Reads shear filtration and OTUs clustering. The species annotation and abundance analysis of OTUs were carried out by using mothur method and SSUrRNA database, and further conducted α diversity and β diversity analysis. A total of 1481842 high quality sequences, belonging to 14 Phyla, 85 families and 186 Genera, were obtained from 25 intestinal excrement samples of Leopoldamys edwardsi. At the level of phyla classification, the main core biota of the Leopoldamys edwardsi contained Firmicutes (46.04%),Bacteroidetes (25.34%), Proteobacteria (17.09%), Tenericutes (7.38%) and Actinobacteria (1.67%), these five phyla account for 97.52% of all phyla. The ratio of Helicobacter which occupied the largest proportion at the genus level was 12.44%, followed by Lactobacillus (11.39%), Clostridium (6.19%),Mycoplasma (4.23%) and Flavonifractor (3.52%). High throughput sequencing analysis showed that the intestinal flora of Leopoldamys edwardsi in Hainan Island was complex and diverse, which had the significance of further research.
Adult ; Animals ; Bacteria/genetics* ; Feces/microbiology* ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics* ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Intestines ; Male ; Murinae/genetics*

This paper was aimed to investigate the effect of voluntary wheel running exercise on depression-like behavior induced by chronic water immersion restraint stress (CWIRS) and the underlying mechanism. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats received CWIRS to induce depression-like behavior and 4-week voluntary wheel running exercise. Meanwhile, the rats were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or STAT3 over-expression vector (pcDNA-STAT3) by intracerebroventricular injection. Behavioral tests were used to detect depression-like behavior. ELISA assay was used to detect levels of various inflammatory factors in the rat hippocampus. Western blot was used to detect protein expression levels of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), arginase 1 (Arg1), phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) and total STAT3 (t-STAT3). The results showed that, compared with stress group, stress + exercise group exhibited improved depression-like behavior, decreased interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 levels, increased IL-4 and IL-10 levels, down-regulated Iba-1 and iNOS protein expression levels, up-regulated Arg1 protein expression level, and decreased p-STAT3/t-STAT3 ratio in hippocampal tissue. LPS reversed the improving effect of voluntary wheel running exercise on depression-like behavior in rats, and the over-expression of STAT3 reversed the promoting effects of voluntary wheel running on M2 polarization of microglial cells in rat hippocampus and depression-like behavior. These results suggest that voluntary wheel running ameliorates the depression-like behavior induced by CWIRS in rats, and the mechanism may be related to regulating hippocampal microglia polarization via STAT3 signaling pathway.
Animals ; Depression/etiology* ; Hippocampus/metabolism* ; Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism* ; Microglia/metabolism* ; Motor Activity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction

Angiofibroma/surgery* ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Nasopharynx ; Nose

Objective: To observe the incidence and treatment of radiation rectal injury complicated with anxiety, depression and somatic symptom disorder. Methods: A cross-sectional survey research method was carried out. Patients with radiation rectal injury managed by members of the editorial board of Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery were the subjects of investigation. The inclusion criteria of the survey subjects: (1) patients suffered from pelvic tumors and received pelvic radiotherapy; (2) colonoscopy showed inflammatory reaction or ulcer in the rectum. Exclusion criteria: (1) patient had a history of psycho-somatic disease before radiotherapy; (2) patient was unable to use a smart phone, unable to read and understand the questions in the questionnaire displayed on the phone; (3) patient refused to sign an informed consent form. According to the SOMA self-rating scale, PHQ-15 self-rating scale, GAD-7 and PHQ-9 self-rating scale, the electronic questionnaire of "Psychological Survey of Radiation Proctitis" was designed. The questionnaire was sent to patients with radiation rectal injury managed by the committee through the WeChat group. Observational indicators: (1) radiation rectal injury symptom assessment: using SOMA self-rating scale, radiation rectal injury symptom classification: mild group (≤3 points), moderate group (4-6 points) and severe group (> 6 points); (2) incidence of anxiety, depression and physical disorder: using GAD-7, PHQ-9 and PHQ-15 self-rating scales respectively for assessment; (3) correlation of radiation rectal injury symptom grading with anxiety, depression, and somatic symptom disorder. Results: Seventy-one qualified questionnaires were collected, of which 41 (56.9%) were from Guangzhou. Among the 71 patients, 6 were males and 65 were females; the mean age was (55.7±9.3) years old and 48 patients (67.6%) were less than 60 years old; the median confirmed duration of radiation rectal injury was 2.0 (1.0, 5.0) years. (1) Evaluation of symptoms of radiation rectal injury: 18 cases of mild (25.4%), 27 cases of moderate (38.0%), and 26 cases of severe (36.6%). (2) Incidence of anxiety, depression and somatic disorder: 12 patients (16.9%) without comorbidities; 59 patients (83.1%) with anxiety, depression, or somatic disorder, of whom 2 patients only had anxiety, 1 patient only had depression, 9 only had somatic disorder, 2 had anxiety plus depression, 4 had anxiety plus somatic disorder, 2 had depression plus somatic disorder, and 40 had all three symptoms. (3) correlation of radiation rectal injury grading with anxiety, depression, and somatic symptom disorder: as compared to patients in mild group and moderate group, those in severe group had higher severity of anxiety and somatic symptom disorder (Z=-2.143, P=0.032; Z=-2.045, P=0.041), while there was no statistically significant difference of depression between mild group and moderate group (Z=-1.176, P=0.240). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that radiation rectal injury symptom score was positively correlated with anxiety (r=0.300, P=0.013), depression (r=0.287, P=0.015) and somatic symptom disorder (r=0.344, P=0.003). Conclusions: The incidence of anxiety, depression, and somatic symptom disorder in patients with radiation rectal injury is extremely high. It is necessary to strengthen the diagnosis and treatment of somatic symptom disorder, so as to alleviate the symptoms of patients with pelvic perineum pain and improve the quality of life.
Aged ; Anxiety ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Rectum ; Surveys and Questionnaires

To investigate the effect and mechanism of psoralen on calvarial osteoblasts injuries caused by tricalcium phosphate (TCP) wear particles in vitro. Primary osteoblasts were obtained from the calvaria of neonatal SD rat by the series of digestion and were identified with ALP staining. Calvarial osteoblasts were treated with TCP wear particles for 48 h to establish the in vitro model of osteoblasts injuries. The rat osteoblasts were randomly divided into control group, TCP wear particles (0.1 mg/ml) group, psoralen treated (at the concentrations of 10, 10, 10 mol/L) groups. WST assay and the flow cytometry were used to detect the cell viability of osteoblasts and apoptosis, respectively. Chemical colorimetry was performed to examine ALP activity of osteobalsts. When the osteoblasts were treated for 14 day, mineral nodules formation was observed with alizarin red S staining. Western blot was applied to examine protein expressions of glucose regulated protein78/94(GRP78/94), inositol dependent enzyme 1 alpha (IREα), spliced X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s) and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) in calvarial osteoblasts. Compared with control group, the cell viability of osteoblasts, ALP activity and mineral nodules formation in TCP group were decreased significantly (P＜0.05), while the percentage of apoptosis and protein expressions of GRP78/94, IRE1α, XBP1 and p-JNK were obviously increased in calvarial osteoblasts (P＜0.05). Compared with TCP group, the injuries of calvarial osteoblasts and cell apoptosis in psoralen treated groups were obviously decreased (P＜0.05), and the expression levels of GRP78/94, IRE1α, XBP1 and p-JNK were down-regulated remarkably (P＜0.05). Psoralen prevents osteoblasts injuries caused by TCP wear particles through IRE1α-XBP1s-JNK signaling pathway activation.