Complement C3 plays a critical role in periodontitis. However, its source, role and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In our study, by analyzing single-cell sequencing data from mouse model of periodontitis, we identified that C3 is primarily derived from periodontal fibroblasts. Subsequently, we demonstrated that C3a has a detrimental effect in ligature-induced periodontitis. C3ar^-/- mice exhibited significantly less destruction of periodontal support tissues compared to wild-type mice, characterized by mild gingival tissue damage and reduced alveolar bone loss. This reduction was associated with decreased production of pro-inflammatory mediators and reduced osteoclast infiltration in the periodontal tissues. Mechanistic studies suggested that C3a could promote macrophage polarization and osteoclast differentiation. Finally, by analyzing single-cell sequencing data from the periodontal tissues of patients with periodontitis, we found that the results observed in mice were consistent with human data. Therefore, our findings clearly demonstrate the destructive role of fibroblast-derived C3 in ligature-induced periodontitis, driven by macrophage M1 polarization and osteoclast differentiation. These data strongly support the feasibility of C3a-targeted interventions for the treatment of human periodontitis.
Animals ; Osteoclasts/cytology* ; Periodontitis/metabolism* ; Cell Differentiation ; Mice ; Fibroblasts/metabolism* ; Macrophages ; Disease Models, Animal ; Complement C3/metabolism* ; Humans ; Disease Progression ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Male ; Mice, Knockout

Objective:To explore the difference of the efficacy, safety and recurrence rate of oral atenolol compared with oral propranolol in the treatment of infantile hemangioma, so as to provide evidence-based medicine basis and reference for clinic.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted on the English databases Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, U. S. National Library of Medicine Clinical Trials Registry Platform (https: //clinicaltrials.gov) and on the Chinese databases CNKI, CBM, VIP, Wanfang Data from January 2008 to June 2021, according to our defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, randomized controlled trials of oral atenolol versus oral propranolol in the treatment of infantile hemangioma were selected for performing meta-analysis, and the outcome indicators were treatment efficiency, incidence of adverse reactions, and recurrence rate. Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software, and sensitivity analysis of the result was performed, and the main outcome indicators were tested for publication bias (Egger’s test) by using Stata 16 software.Results:Finally, 5 randomized controlled trials references were included. Our meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the effective rate between oral atenolol and oral propranolol in the treatment of infantile hemangioma ( RR=0.93, 95% CI 0.84-1.02, P=0.110). There was a statistically significant difference in the overall incidence of adverse reactions ( RR=0.78, 95% CI 0.61-0.99, P =0.040), bronch-related and central nervous system related to β 2-blockade( RR=0.55, 95% CI 0.40-0.76, P<0.001) adverse reactions, which were lower in the atenolol group than in the propranolol group; there was a statistically significant difference in the recurrence rate ( RR=0.57, 95% CI 0.39-0.84, P=0.005), which was lower in the atenolol group than in the propranolol group. The sensitivity analysis showed that the result after the exclusion of any 1 study were less variable compared with the result of the previous analysis, and the conclusion obtained were unchanged, suggesting that the result of the meta-analysis were stable and reliable. The Egger’s test showed that P=0.502, which suggested that there was no obvious publication bias. Conclusions:In the treatment of infantile hemangioma, oral atenolol has equivalent efficacy compared with oral propranolol, with less overall incidence of adverse reactions (which can reduce the incidence of bronch-related and central nervous system adverse reactions) and lower recurrence rate.

Objective:To explore the difference of the efficacy, safety and recurrence rate of oral atenolol compared with oral propranolol in the treatment of infantile hemangioma, so as to provide evidence-based medicine basis and reference for clinic.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted on the English databases Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, U. S. National Library of Medicine Clinical Trials Registry Platform (https: //clinicaltrials.gov) and on the Chinese databases CNKI, CBM, VIP, Wanfang Data from January 2008 to June 2021, according to our defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, randomized controlled trials of oral atenolol versus oral propranolol in the treatment of infantile hemangioma were selected for performing meta-analysis, and the outcome indicators were treatment efficiency, incidence of adverse reactions, and recurrence rate. Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software, and sensitivity analysis of the result was performed, and the main outcome indicators were tested for publication bias (Egger’s test) by using Stata 16 software.Results:Finally, 5 randomized controlled trials references were included. Our meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the effective rate between oral atenolol and oral propranolol in the treatment of infantile hemangioma ( RR=0.93, 95% CI 0.84-1.02, P=0.110). There was a statistically significant difference in the overall incidence of adverse reactions ( RR=0.78, 95% CI 0.61-0.99, P =0.040), bronch-related and central nervous system related to β 2-blockade( RR=0.55, 95% CI 0.40-0.76, P<0.001) adverse reactions, which were lower in the atenolol group than in the propranolol group; there was a statistically significant difference in the recurrence rate ( RR=0.57, 95% CI 0.39-0.84, P=0.005), which was lower in the atenolol group than in the propranolol group. The sensitivity analysis showed that the result after the exclusion of any 1 study were less variable compared with the result of the previous analysis, and the conclusion obtained were unchanged, suggesting that the result of the meta-analysis were stable and reliable. The Egger’s test showed that P=0.502, which suggested that there was no obvious publication bias. Conclusions:In the treatment of infantile hemangioma, oral atenolol has equivalent efficacy compared with oral propranolol, with less overall incidence of adverse reactions (which can reduce the incidence of bronch-related and central nervous system adverse reactions) and lower recurrence rate.

BACKGROUND: When the tooth surface is treated with a rotary or manual instrument, a smudge layer is formed on the enamel and dentin by debris generated by cutting and abrasion. The bonding interface between the adhesive and the dentin is considered as a weak part in the direct repair process. To clarify the effect of smear layer on different kinds of adhesive is significantly important for dentists to select and correctly use the adhesive in clinical treatment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of different diamond burs on the dentin bonding performance of four adhesive systems to dentin after 24 hours and 100 days of artificial saliva-storage. METHODS: Adhesive systems were: (1) VSA (Optibond Versa, Kerr); (2) AIO (Optibond All in One, Kerr); (3) SBU (Single bond Universal, 3M); (4) GLU (Bond 5, Gluma, Heraeus). In present study, 80 extracted human molars were randomly divided into four groups and each group is divided into 4 subgroups. Dentin surfaces were prepared by: (1) 600-grit SiC-paper (control group); (2) super-fine diamond bur; (3) regular diamond bur; (4) coarse diamond bur. Bonding agent was applied according to each manufacturer’s instruction. After light-curing, dentin surfaces were built-up with resin composite (A2, CHARISMA, Heraeus). The micro-tensile bond strength was determined after 24 hours and 100 days of storage in artificial saliva at 37 °C. The fractured surfaces on dentin side were observed by scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Storage for 24 hours: There was no significant difference among groups under VSA and GLU. Under SBU and AIO, the bond strength in the coarse diamond bur group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0. 05). Using 600-grit SiC-paper or regular diamond bur, the bond strength showed no significant difference only between AIO and VSA groups. Using regular diamond bur, the bond strength showed no significant difference in the VSA group compared with the AIO, GLU and SBU groups (P > 0. 05). Using coarse diamond bur, the bond strength in the VSA group had significant difference compared with the AIO, GLU and SBU groups (P < 0. 05), and other groups had no significant difference (P > 0. 05). (2) Storage for 100 days, there was no significant difference among groups under VSA and GLU. Under SBU, the bond strength in the coarse diamond bur group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0. 05). Using 600-grit SiC-paper, the bond strength showed no significant difference only between VSA and SBU groups (P > 0. 05). Using regular diamond bur, the bond strength showed no significant difference in the GLU group compared with the SBU, and VSA groups (P > 0. 05). Using coarse diamond bur, the bond strength had no significant difference between VSA and AIO groups (P < 0. 05). (3) Using VSA, the bond strength in each group at 100 days showed significant difference compared with that at 24 hours (P < 0. 05). (4)Compared with immersed for 24 hours, the ratio of bond interface and combined crack in the VSA, SBU and GLU groups after immersed for 100 days was increased, especially the VSA group. Compared with the other groups, the ratio of bond interface and combined crack in the GLU group after immersed for 24 hours and 100 days both increased by 50%. (5) These results indicate that preparation by different burs produces different smear layers, which has significant effect to self-etching adhesive system and has no significant effect to total-etching adhesive system. Storage time makes effect on different adhesives.

Objective To study the expression of ZNF217 and EF1α gene in the pathological scars and to investigate role and probable mechanism in the pathogenesis of abnormal scar.Methods Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were performed to detect the expression and distribution of mRNA and protein of ZNF217 and EF1α in hypertrophic scar (10 cases),keloid (10 cases),normal scar (10 cases),and normal skin (10 cases),and statistics was used to analyze the data.Results The expression of ZNF217 mRNA and protein in the normal skin,normal scar,hypertrophic scar and keloid were 1.46±0.397,1.45±0.265,4.49±0.999,5.47±0.808; 0.276±0.0211,0.299±0.0150,0.743t0.0509 and 0.747±0.0377,respectively.The expression of EF1α mRNA and prorein in the normal skin,normal scar,hypertrophic scar,and keloid were 1.47±0.469,1.47±0.218,5.10±1.68,5.74±1.92; 0.505±0.0371,0.518±0.0153,0.780±0.0369 and 0.792±0.0290,respectively.The positive rate of mRNA and protein of ZNF217 and EF1α was not statistically different between the hypertrophic scar and keloid (P＞0.05),while they were all remarkably significant in comparison between normal scar and abnormal scar (P＜0.01).In pathological scar mRNA and protein of ZNF217 and EF1α showed a strong positive correlation.Conclusions The expression of ZNF217 and EF1α is increased in pathological scar.Therefore,ZNF217 and EF1α overexpression may play an important role in the proliferation of fibroblasts and in the pathogenesis of pathological scar.

Objective To study the expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E(eIF4E)in the pathological scars and its probable role in the pathogenesis of pathological scars.Methods Immunohistochemiscal technique was performed to detect the expression and distribution of eIF4E protein in hypertrophic scars(14 cases),keloids(25 cases),mature scars(20 cases)and normal skins(20 cases).Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect the eIF4E mRNA level in hypertrophic scars(7 cases),keloids(8 cases),mature scars(8 cases)and normal skins(8 cases).Results Thepositive rate of eIF4E protein expression was remarkably significant difference between normal scars and pathological scars(P＜0.05).The level of eIF4E mRNA in pathological scars 1.73±0.31was higher than that in control group 0.99±0.28.There was significant difference between two groups (P＜O.05).Conclusions The expression of eIF4E is increased in pathological scar.eIF4 E expression is closely associated with the development of pathological scar.Therefore,eIF4E overexpression may play an important role in the proliferation of fibroblasts and in the pathogenesis of pathological scar.