Objective:To construct patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, to explore the effect of immune reconstitution timing on the PDX modeling and immune microenvironment in humanized immune system mice (huHSC-NCG-hIL15), and to provide a reliable animal model for research on the mechanisms of head and neck squamous carcinoma and for studies on immune therapy drug interventions.Methods:This study enrolled 28 HNSCC patients (25 laryngeal carcinomas, 3 hypopharyngeal carcinomas). PDX models were established in Balb/c nude (nu) mice, NSG mice, and humanized immune system-reconstituted huHSC-NCG-hIL15 mice. Fresh HNSCC samples were transplanted into Balb/c nu and NSG mice to generate PDX models, with subsequent analysis of success-associated factors. One successfully established PDX tumor was subsequently implanted into humanized immune system-reconstituted huHSC-NCG-hIL15 mice. Tumor transplantation was performed at distinct immune reconstruction timepoints (2 vs. 7 weeks post-reconstitution), and tumor growth patterns were monitored. Flow cytometry and multiplex immunohistochemical staining were utilized to characterize immunological profiles in peripheral lymphoid organs and tumor microenvironments. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was employed to assess histomorphological concordance between primary patient tumors and PDX model tissues. Results:HNSCC PDX models were successfully established. NSG mice exhibited a higher and more stable tumor take rate compared to Balb/c nu mice (pilot study: 4/10 vs. 3/10 cases; mean take rate 60%-80% vs. 20%-60 %). The PDX success rate in NSG mice was 46.4% (13/28). In the huHSC-NCG-hIL15 mice model with immune reconstitution at 7 weeks, tumors grew significantly faster, and the PDX modeling process was shorter (617 mm3 at day 70 in 7-week cohort vs.280 mm3 in 2-week cohort). Flow cytometry analysis of the immune microenvironment showed that at 7 weeks of immune reconstitution, the proportions of B cells in the spleen and tumor tissues(2-week vs. 7-week: spleen 16.2% vs. 61.7%, tumor 26.0% vs. 38.8%) and myeloid cells in the spleen (2-week vs. 7-week: spleen 47.2% vs. 88.1 %) were significantly higher, while mice at 2 weeks post-reconstitution showed a higher proportion of T cells (2-week vs. 7-week: spleen 13.2% vs. 9.3%, tumor 4.8% vs. 2.5%). HE results demonstrated that the tumor tissues in PDX models maintained a high degree of morphological similarity to the primary tumors in both NSG and huHSC-NCG-hIL15 mouse models. Conclusion:The HNSCC PDX modeling protocol demonstrates operational feasibility and high reproducibility, establishing this model as a robust platform for mechanistic and immunotherapeutic studies.

Objective:To explore the effect of Bian-stone warming and ironing therapy on gastrointestinal blood flow in patients with severe cerebrovascular disease undergoing therapeutic hypothermia.Methods:From January 2023 to October 2024, 92 patients with severe cerebrovascular disease in the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University were selected for the study using convenience sampling method. The patients were divided into a control group and an experimental group of 46 cases each according to the randomized numerical table method. Control group was given routine nursing, and experimental group carried out Bian-stone warming and ironing therapy on the basis of control group. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and time-averaged mean velocity (TAMV) of the superior mesenteric artery of the two groups of patients were monitored before and after five days of intervention, respectively, and the situation of gastric retention and bowel sounds were recorded and compared between the groups.Results:PSV was higher in experimental group than in control group after intervention, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The difference in EDV between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). TAMV of experimental group was higher than that of control group after intervention, and the difference in TAVM before and after intervention of experimental group was smaller than that of control group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05). The number of cases of gastric retention and weakened or disappeared bowel sounds in experimental group was less than that in control group after intervention, and the differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Bian-stone warming and ironing therapy improves gastrointestinal blood flow rate and reduces feeding intolerance in patients with severe cerebrovascular disease undergoing therapeutic hypothermia.

Objective:To construct patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, to explore the effect of immune reconstitution timing on the PDX modeling and immune microenvironment in humanized immune system mice (huHSC-NCG-hIL15), and to provide a reliable animal model for research on the mechanisms of head and neck squamous carcinoma and for studies on immune therapy drug interventions.Methods:This study enrolled 28 HNSCC patients (25 laryngeal carcinomas, 3 hypopharyngeal carcinomas). PDX models were established in Balb/c nude (nu) mice, NSG mice, and humanized immune system-reconstituted huHSC-NCG-hIL15 mice. Fresh HNSCC samples were transplanted into Balb/c nu and NSG mice to generate PDX models, with subsequent analysis of success-associated factors. One successfully established PDX tumor was subsequently implanted into humanized immune system-reconstituted huHSC-NCG-hIL15 mice. Tumor transplantation was performed at distinct immune reconstruction timepoints (2 vs. 7 weeks post-reconstitution), and tumor growth patterns were monitored. Flow cytometry and multiplex immunohistochemical staining were utilized to characterize immunological profiles in peripheral lymphoid organs and tumor microenvironments. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was employed to assess histomorphological concordance between primary patient tumors and PDX model tissues. Results:HNSCC PDX models were successfully established. NSG mice exhibited a higher and more stable tumor take rate compared to Balb/c nu mice (pilot study: 4/10 vs. 3/10 cases; mean take rate 60%-80% vs. 20%-60 %). The PDX success rate in NSG mice was 46.4% (13/28). In the huHSC-NCG-hIL15 mice model with immune reconstitution at 7 weeks, tumors grew significantly faster, and the PDX modeling process was shorter (617 mm3 at day 70 in 7-week cohort vs.280 mm3 in 2-week cohort). Flow cytometry analysis of the immune microenvironment showed that at 7 weeks of immune reconstitution, the proportions of B cells in the spleen and tumor tissues(2-week vs. 7-week: spleen 16.2% vs. 61.7%, tumor 26.0% vs. 38.8%) and myeloid cells in the spleen (2-week vs. 7-week: spleen 47.2% vs. 88.1 %) were significantly higher, while mice at 2 weeks post-reconstitution showed a higher proportion of T cells (2-week vs. 7-week: spleen 13.2% vs. 9.3%, tumor 4.8% vs. 2.5%). HE results demonstrated that the tumor tissues in PDX models maintained a high degree of morphological similarity to the primary tumors in both NSG and huHSC-NCG-hIL15 mouse models. Conclusion:The HNSCC PDX modeling protocol demonstrates operational feasibility and high reproducibility, establishing this model as a robust platform for mechanistic and immunotherapeutic studies.

Objective:To explore the effect of Bian-stone warming and ironing therapy on gastrointestinal blood flow in patients with severe cerebrovascular disease undergoing therapeutic hypothermia.Methods:From January 2023 to October 2024, 92 patients with severe cerebrovascular disease in the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University were selected for the study using convenience sampling method. The patients were divided into a control group and an experimental group of 46 cases each according to the randomized numerical table method. Control group was given routine nursing, and experimental group carried out Bian-stone warming and ironing therapy on the basis of control group. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and time-averaged mean velocity (TAMV) of the superior mesenteric artery of the two groups of patients were monitored before and after five days of intervention, respectively, and the situation of gastric retention and bowel sounds were recorded and compared between the groups.Results:PSV was higher in experimental group than in control group after intervention, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The difference in EDV between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). TAMV of experimental group was higher than that of control group after intervention, and the difference in TAVM before and after intervention of experimental group was smaller than that of control group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05). The number of cases of gastric retention and weakened or disappeared bowel sounds in experimental group was less than that in control group after intervention, and the differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Bian-stone warming and ironing therapy improves gastrointestinal blood flow rate and reduces feeding intolerance in patients with severe cerebrovascular disease undergoing therapeutic hypothermia.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mpox epidemic in Guangzhou and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods:Based on the mpox surveillance system in Guangzhou, suspected mpox cases with fever and rash were reported by local hospitals at all levels to centers for disease control and prevention in Guangzhou for sampling, investigation and diagnosis. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the clinical characteristics and treatment of the mpox cases and positive detection rate reported in Guangzhou as of 24:00 on June 23. Whole genome sequencing of the virus isolates was performed using Illumina Miniseq high-throughput sequencing platform.Results:The first mpox case in Guangzhou was reported on June 10 in 2023. As of 24:00 on June 23, a total of 25 confirmed mpox cases were reported. All the mpox cases were men with a M( Q1, Q3) of 32 (26, 36) years, the majority of the cases were MSM (96.0%). The main clinical features were rash (100.0%, 25/25), lymphadenectasis (100.0%, 25/25) and fever (52.0%, 13/25). Rash usually occurred near the genitals (88.0%, 22/25). The close contacts, mainly family members (40.4%, 23/57), showed no similar symptoms, such as fever or rash. The positive rate of mpox virus in household environment samples was 30.5%. The analyses on 3 complete gene sequences of mpox virus indicated that the strains belonged to West African type Ⅱb clade, B.1.3 lineage. Conclusions:Hidden transmission of mpox virus had occurred in MSM in Guangzhou. However, the size of affected population is relatively limited, and the possibility of wide spread of the virus is low.

Objective:To understand the status quo of job burnout and sleep quality among neurosurgery nurses in a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Beijing and analyze their correlations to provide basis for formulating relevant intervention measures.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 150 nurses from Department of Neurosurgery of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from March to April 2020 were selected as the research objects. The survey was carried out using the general information questionnaire, the Chinese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI) scale. Pearson correlation analysis method was used to analyze the effect of job burnout of nurses in department of neurosurgery on sleep quality. A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed in this study and 149 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 99.3%.Results:The emotional exhaustion dimension score of the job burnout scale for neurosurgical nurses was (22.79±7.08) , indicating moderate burnout. The score of depersonalization dimension was (8.17±3.63) , indicating moderate burnout. The score of low personal achievement was (19.09±6.04) , indicating high burnout. The total PSQI score of neurosurgical nurses was 8.0 (4.5, 12.0) and 83 nurses (55.7%, 83/149) had poor sleep quality. Emotional exhaustion in job burnout of neurosurgery nurses was positively correlated with PSQI total score ( r=0.356, P<0.01) , and depersonalization dimension was positively correlated with PSQI total score ( r=0.180, P<0.05) , while low personal achievement dimension was negatively correlated with PSQI total score ( r=-0.120, P<0.05) . The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that PSQI total score and working years were the influencing factors of emotional exhaustion dimension ( P<0.05) , while PSQI total score and weekly overtime time were the influencing factors of depersonalization dimension ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The degree of job burnout of neurosurgical nurses is in the middle and high level and different degrees of sleep problems are common. The higher the degree of burnout, the worse the quality of sleep.

Objective:To understand the current status of health-promoting lifestyle of neurosurgery nurses and to explore the effect of sleep quality on their health-promoting lifestyle.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 150 nurses from Department of Neurosurgery of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University were selected as the research objects from March to April 2020. The general information questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI) and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-Ⅱ (HPLP-Ⅱ) were used to investigate. A total of 150 questionnaires were sent out in this study and 149 were effectively received, with the effective recovery of 99.3%.Results:The total score of HPLP-Ⅱ of neurosurgical nurses was (128.07±20.63) , and the health promotion lifestyle was at the general level. The total score of PSQI was 8.0 (4.5, 12.0) , and 55.7% (83/149) nurses had poor sleep quality. There was a negative correlation between HPLP-Ⅱ total score of neurosurgical nurses and PSQI total score ( r=-0.393, P<0.01) . The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that PSQI total score and working years were the influencing factors of health promotion lifestyle ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The health-promoting lifestyle of neurosurgery nurses is at an average level and there are widespread sleep quality problems. The health-promoting lifestyle is positively correlated with sleep quality. The better the health-promoting lifestyle, the better the sleep quality. Corresponding interventions are recommended to improve the sleep quality of neurosurgery nurses, thereby promoting their maintenance of a healthy lifestyle.

Objective: To explore the association of the frequency of domestic violence witness in childhood with the quality of life (QOL) of college students, and to provide a reference for improving the quality of life of students who domestic violence witness in childhood. Methods: In October 2018, a total of 4 034 college students from four universities in Hefei, Anhui Province, were selected to participate in this study. The Conflict Tactics Scales Short Form (CTS2SF) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) were used to assess the effect of witnessing domestic violence in childhood on the QOL of college students. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between the different frequencies of witnessing domestic violence in childhood and the QOL of college students. Results: The mean scores of the subjective assessment of QOL, health subjective assessment, physiology, psychology, social relationships, and environment were (14.06±3.25) (13.42±3.47) (12.61±2.02) (14.09±2.62) (13.72±2.71) (13.77±2.46), respectively. The multiple linear regression model showed that, witnessing domestic violence in childhood was negatively correlated with the QOL of college students (P<0.01). Although occasional expose to severe family violence in childhood was not associated with the health subjective assessment and the environmental dimensions, the different frequencies of witnessing domestic violence in childhood were negatively correlated with the QOL of college students (P<0.05). Conclusion Frequency of domestic violence witness in childhood is associated with the mean scores of the QOL of college students. It is necessary to explore effective prevention and intervention programs for exposure to domestic violence in childhood.