Objective: To analyze the results of colorectal cancer screening among residents in Baoshan District, Shanghai Municipality from 2013 to 2021, so as to provide the basis for promoting colorectal cancer screening and prevention. Methods: Permanent residents aged 50 to 74 years in Baoshan District from 2013 to 2021 were selected as the screening population. The initial screening was conducted using a risk assessment form and fecal occult blood test. Positive results on either the risk assessment form or fecal occult blood test were considered positive for the initial screening. Participants with positive initial screening results were invited to undergo colonoscopy. The positive rate of the initial screening, colonoscopy compliance rate, and colonoscopy results were analyzed. Results: A total of 264 907 individuals underwent the initial colorectal cancer screening in Baoshan District from 2013 to 2021, with 65 333 individuals (24.66%) testing positive. Among them, the positive rate of the risk assessment form was 12.16%, and the positive rate of fecal occult blood test was 14.64%. A total of 14 473 individuals completed colonoscopy, with a compliance rate of 22.15%. A total of 1 284 precancerous lesions were detected, with a detection rate of 8.87%, and 386 cases of colorectal cancer were identified, with a detection rate of 2.67%. The positive rate of the initial screening, colonoscopy compliance rate, precancerous lesion detection rate, and colorectal cancer detection rate were higher in males than in females (25.55% vs. 24.06%, 23.12% vs. 21.45%, 11.60% vs. 6.74%, 3.62% vs. 1.93%, all P<0.05). With increasing age, the positive rate of the initial screening increased, the colonoscopy compliance rate decreased, the precancerous lesion detection rate and colorectal cancer detection rate increased (all P<0.05). From 2013 to 2021, the positive rate of the initial screening among residents showed a downward trend, while the colonoscopy compliance rate showed an upward trend (both P<0.05). Conclusions The detection rate of precancerous lesions in colorectal cancer was 8.87%, and the detection rate of colorectal cancer was 2.67% in Baoshan District from 2013 to 2021. Male and older individuals were the key populations for screening, and the colonoscopy compliance among residents needs to be improved.

Objective To investigate the characters of cortical thickness and mean curvature for the patients with the first episode schizophrenia and explore the relationship with clinical symptoms.Method Eighty-six patients with first episode schizophrenia and 49 healthy controls were recruited.The structure data of T1 image was processed using FreeSurfer automatic package and obtained cortical thickness and mean curvature.These brain morphological indicators were compared between patients and healthy controls.For the patient group,Pearson correlation between cortical thickness,mean curvature and clinical symptoms was calculated.Results Compared with controls,the cortical thickness of bilateral central sulcus (left:(1.897±0.102) mm vs.(1.814±0.108) mm;right:(1.871 ±0.119) mm vs.(1.784±0.108) mm) was thicker in patient group (F=24.24,18.59;both P＜0.00 067);while the bilateral superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula (left:(2.495±0.122) mm vs.(2.591±0.138) mm;right:(2.602±0.133) mm vs.(2.710±0.131) mm) and left anterior transverse collateral sulcus ((2.599±0.250) mm vs.(2.782±0.238) mm) were thinner in patient group (F=16.75,22.61,18.86,both P＜0.00 067).Patients with schizophrenia showed significant (F=14.52,13.08,both P＜0.000 67) higher mean curvature than healthy control only in post central gyrus ((0.166±0.026) mm-1 vs.(0.150±0.011) mm-1) and inferior temporal gyrus ((0.186±0.016) mm-1 vs.(0.177±0.011) mm-1) of the left brain;while in the right brain,patient group showed significant (F=14.20,14.42,12.75,15.02,14.80,12.16,13.74,16.70,12.77,all P＜0.000 67)higher mean curvature than healthy control in the middle frontal gyrus,frontal polar transverse gyrus and sulcus,lateral orbital sulcus,anterior cingulate cortex,the middle of the occipital-temporal sulcus and lingual sulcus,superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula,cuneus,precuneus and superior occipital gyrus.The cortical thickness of left anterior transverse collateral sulcus showed positive correlation with PANSS total score (r=0.322,P＜0.01).The mean curvature of right anterior cingulate cortex showed negative correlation with PANSS negative scale (r=-0.262,P＜0.05).The mean curvature of right superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula had a positive correlation with PANSS positive scale (r=0.240,P＜0.05).Tbe mean curvature of right collateral sulcus and lingual sulcus showed negative correlation with PANSS total score (r=-0.260,P＜0.05).Conclusions Cortical thickness and mean curvature displayed abnormally in multi regions of the first episode schizophrenia compared with healthy control.Besides that,some of the abnormal brain morphological indicators correlated with the clinical symptoms severity.

Objective To investigate the characters of cortical thickness and mean curvature for the patients with the first episode schizophrenia and explore the relationship with clinical symptoms.Method Eighty-six patients with first episode schizophrenia and 49 healthy controls were recruited.The structure data of T1 image was processed using FreeSurfer automatic package and obtained cortical thickness and mean curvature.These brain morphological indicators were compared between patients and healthy controls.For the patient group,Pearson correlation between cortical thickness,mean curvature and clinical symptoms was calculated.Results Compared with controls,the cortical thickness of bilateral central sulcus (left:(1.897±0.102) mm vs.(1.814±0.108) mm;right:(1.871 ±0.119) mm vs.(1.784±0.108) mm) was thicker in patient group (F=24.24,18.59;both P＜0.00 067);while the bilateral superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula (left:(2.495±0.122) mm vs.(2.591±0.138) mm;right:(2.602±0.133) mm vs.(2.710±0.131) mm) and left anterior transverse collateral sulcus ((2.599±0.250) mm vs.(2.782±0.238) mm) were thinner in patient group (F=16.75,22.61,18.86,both P＜0.00 067).Patients with schizophrenia showed significant (F=14.52,13.08,both P＜0.000 67) higher mean curvature than healthy control only in post central gyrus ((0.166±0.026) mm-1 vs.(0.150±0.011) mm-1) and inferior temporal gyrus ((0.186±0.016) mm-1 vs.(0.177±0.011) mm-1) of the left brain;while in the right brain,patient group showed significant (F=14.20,14.42,12.75,15.02,14.80,12.16,13.74,16.70,12.77,all P＜0.000 67)higher mean curvature than healthy control in the middle frontal gyrus,frontal polar transverse gyrus and sulcus,lateral orbital sulcus,anterior cingulate cortex,the middle of the occipital-temporal sulcus and lingual sulcus,superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula,cuneus,precuneus and superior occipital gyrus.The cortical thickness of left anterior transverse collateral sulcus showed positive correlation with PANSS total score (r=0.322,P＜0.01).The mean curvature of right anterior cingulate cortex showed negative correlation with PANSS negative scale (r=-0.262,P＜0.05).The mean curvature of right superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula had a positive correlation with PANSS positive scale (r=0.240,P＜0.05).Tbe mean curvature of right collateral sulcus and lingual sulcus showed negative correlation with PANSS total score (r=-0.260,P＜0.05).Conclusions Cortical thickness and mean curvature displayed abnormally in multi regions of the first episode schizophrenia compared with healthy control.Besides that,some of the abnormal brain morphological indicators correlated with the clinical symptoms severity.

Objective The optimal access for natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery is still uncertain .This study was designed to compare the practicability and maneuverability of transgastric ,transunmbilical ,and transrectal approach in abdominal surgery in a canine model .Methods Three dogs were used in this research .Three approach :trangastric ,transunmbilical and tran-srectal approach were carried out for abdominal exploration ,liver biopsy ,bladder biopsy and an attempted cholecystectomy .The ma-neuverability ,endoscopic image ,performer′s perception ,and spatial orientation were evaluated .Results The maneuverability of trangastric ,and transrectal approach NOTES were better than transunmbilical NOTES .Abdominal exploration ,live biopsy ,and bladder biopsy were completed successfully .The cholecystectomy was failed because of poor exposure and difficulty of separating the around tissure .Conclusion The optimal approach for upper abdomen NOTES is transrectal route .For lower abdomen NOTES , the trangastric approach is superior to other accesses .Further study is needed to develop more flexible and precise equipment for NOTES and to evaluate more feasible access approach .

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of four closure techniques ,large incision with plastic distal at‐tachment and clip with suction ,1 .1 cm small incision with plastic distal attachment and clip with suction in natural orifice translu‐minal endoscopic surgery(NOTES) .Methods Forty‐one ex vivo porcine stomachs were involved in this research .According to the size of incision and different methods of incision closure ,all ex vivo porcine stomachs were divided into four groups .Group A in‐volved 8 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were 1 .2-2 .0 cm ,and their incisions were closured by a clip closure direct‐ly ;group B involved 10 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were 1 .2-2 .0 cm ,and their incisions were closed by plastic end attachment with suction and clip enclosure technique;group C involved 10 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were smaller than 1 .1 cm ,and their incisions were by a clip closure directly ;group D involved 13 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were smaller than 1 .1 cm ,and closured by plastic end attachment with suction and clip enclosure technique .Stomach leaks were evaluated by leaking studies after the procedure .Results In group A ,1 incision was closed successfully ,7 incisions were clo‐sured unsuccessfully ;in group B ,2 incisions were closed successfully ,8 incisions were closed unsuccessfully ;in group C ,2 incisions were closed successfully ,8 incisions were closured unsuccessfully ;in group D ,11 incisions were closed successfully ,2 incisions were Closured unsuccessfully .Fisher′s exact test showed that group D was significantly related to the success of incision closure .The were significant differences between group A and D ,group B and group D(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Small incision(smaller than 1 cm) and plastic end attachment with suction and clip enclosure technique are optimal in NOTES procedure in this ex vivo porcine stomachs study .