Objective : To investigate the fertility level of registered population in Baoshan District, Shanghai Municipality and the incidence of adverse birth outcomes of live births from 2013 to 2022, so as to provide the evidence for improving maternal and child health care strategies. Methods: The data pertaining to live births registered in Baoshan District from 2013 to 2022 were collected through the Shanghai Birth Medical Information System, including the basic information of live births and maternal fertility. The indicators such as fertility level, parity, birth age and incidence of adverse birth outcomes of live births were descriptively analyzed. The trend of crude birth rate and total fertility rate was analyzed by annual percent change (APC). Results: A total of 56 719 live births were registered in Baoshan District from 2013 to 2022. The crude birth rate was 6.54‰, the total fertility rate was 31.78‰, and the sex ratio at birth was 105.61. The crude birth rate showed a downward trend from 2016 to 2022 (APC=-11.054%, P<0.05), and the total fertility rate showed a downward trend from 2017 to 2022 (APC=-10.377%, P<0.05). The proportion of second parity and above showed an increasing trend from 2013 to 2017 (P<0.05) and a decreasing trend from 2017 to 2022 (P<0.05). The maternal childbearing age showed an increasing trend from 2013 to 2022 (P<0.05), the incidence of premature infants and low birth weight infants showed an increasing trend (both P<0.05). The incidence of premature infants and low birth weight infants increased with the rising childbearing age (both P<0.05). Conclusions The fertility level in Baoshan District was relatively low from 2013 to 2022. The proportion of second parity and above showed an upward trend followed by a downward trend. The incidence of premature infants and low birth weight infants increased with the rising childbearing age.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mortality and years of life lost of pancreatic cancer in Baoshan District of Shanghai，from 2009 to 2021， and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of pancreatic cancer in the future. MethodsThe death surveillance data of Baoshan District from 2009 to 2021 were collected from the Shanghai chronic disease surveillance information management system. Crude mortality， standardized mortality，potential years of life lost （PYLL）， potential years of life lost rate （PYLLR） ， average years of potential life lost （AYLL） ， annual percentage change （APC） were calculated to analyze the trend of mortality and life loss of pancreatic cancer. ResultsFrom 2009 to 2021， a total of 2117 deaths of pancreatic cancer were reported in Baoshan District， accounting for 7.05% of all cancer deaths. The average age of the death cases was （71.18±10.97）years. The youngest was 3 years old and the oldest was 96 years old. The death component ratio of pancreatic cancer increased with time （P<0.05）， and the average death age of women was higher than that of men （P<0.05）. The crude mortality of pancreatic cancer was 17.38/10⁵ in Baoshan District from 2009 to 2021， showing a rising tendency （P<0.05） with APC of 3.74%. The standardized mortality of pancreatic cancer was 7.84/10⁵. The crude mortality of pancreatic cancer was 19.71/10⁵ in men and 14.89/10⁵ in women， both showed a tendency towards a rise （P<0.05 ） with APC of 4.44% and 2. 89%， respectively. The crude mortality of pancreatic cancer showed a tendency towards a decline in residents at ages of 45 to 60 years （ P<0.05 ）， with APC of 4.74%. The PYLL and PYLLR of pancreatic cancer were 8 115 person-years and 0.67‰ in Baoshan District from 2009 to 2021， while the AYLL of pancreatic cancer was 3.83 years per person. The PYLL was higher in men than in women. ConclusionThe mortality rate of pancreatic cancer in Baoshan District shows an increasing trend. The healthy life of elderly and men is affected largely by pancreatic cancer. It is necessary to strengthen the health education on the prevention/control of pancreatic cancer and healthy life style， thereby improving the tertiary prevention system of pancreatic cancer.

Wild castor grows in the high-altitude tropical desert of the African Plateau,a region known for high ultraviolet radiation,strong light,and extremely dry condition.To investigate the potential genetic basis of adaptation to both highland and tropical deserts,we generated a chromosome-level genome sequence assembly of the wild castor accession WT05,with a genome size of 316 Mb,a scaffold N50 of 31.93 Mb,and a contig N50 of 8.96 Mb,respectively.Compared with cultivated castor and other Euphorbiaceae species,the wild castor exhibits positive selection and gene family expansion for genes involved in DNA repair,photosynthesis,and abiotic stress responses.Genetic variations associated with positive selection were identified in several key genes,such as LIG1,DDB2,and RECGI,involved in nucleotide excision repair.Moreover,a study of genomic diversity among wild and cultivated accessions revealed genomic regions containing selection signatures associated with the adaptation to extreme environments.The identification of the genes and alleles with selection signatures provides insights into the genetic mechanisms under-lying the adaptation of wild castor to the high-altitude tropical desert and would facilitate direct improvement of modern castor varieties.

Dengue viruses(DENV) are seriously affected by cell autophagy in intracellular replication,transmission between host,and the pathogenic mechanism.Here,the latest research progress of complex interplay between DENV and cell autophagy were reviewed in this paper.Autophagy,a cellular procedural protein degradation pathway generally possessed by all eukaryotes plays a key role in response to outside pressure and maintaining cellular homeostasis.This catabolic pathway also promotes cell survival against the invasion of pathogens such as various viruses.However,autophagy plays an opposite role in the replication of DENV.Autophagy not only provides a replication site for viruses to replicate,but also provides a source of energy for this process.Cell autophagy also participates in the pathogenesis of some DENV infection.In short,autophagy contributes to the replication of DENV.

Objective: To explore the spatial-temporal distribution and epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Hebei province from 2005 to 2016. Methods: Records of HFRS cases reported from each county in Hebei during January 2005 to December 2016 were collected from National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS). Global and local spatial association statistics were used to measure the spatial autocorrelation and software GeoDa 1.2.0. Software SaTScan 9.4.1 was used to analyze spatiotemporal clusters. Software ArcGIS 10.2 was used to visualize the yearly scan results. Results: In Hebei province, a total of 8 437 human HFRS cases reported from 170 counties with an annual incidence rate of 0.99/100 000 population during 2005-2016. The peak incidence season was spring. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis on the incidence of HFRS at county-level showed that the value of Moran’s I were all above 0 (P<0.05), indicating that the significant spatial cluster. The result of local indicators on spatial association (LISA) analysis revealed that identified hot spots were mainly in northeastern area, while cold spots were found in some counties of central and southern areas. Spatial-temporal scan detected that the primary cluster of HFRS incidence was mainly distributed in Qinhuangdao city and Tangshan city, including 11 counties (city/district): Beidaihe district, Haigang district, Funing district, Shanhaiguan district, Changli county, Lulong county and Qinglong Manchu autonomous county in Qinhuangdao city, and Qian’an city, Laoting county, Luanzhou city and Luannan county in Tangshan city (RR=39.64, P<0.001), during January-July in 2005. Conclusions There were significant spatial-temporal cluster of HFRS in Hebei from 2005 to 2016. The cluster areas of HFRS were mainly in northeastern Hebei, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control programs of HFRS in these areas.

Lung cancer is the most common incident cancer and the leading cause of cancer death. In recent years, the development of tumor immunotherapy especially chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell has shown a promising future. Epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) is a tumor-specific mutation expressed in various types of tumors and has been detected in non-small cell lung cancer with a mutation rate of 10%. Thus, EGFRvIII is a potential antigen for targeted lung cancer therapy. In this study, CAR vectors were constructed and transfected into virus-packaging cells. Then, activated T cells were infected with retrovirus harvested from stable virus-producing single clone cell lines. CAR expression on the surfaces of the T cells was detected by flow cytometry and Western blot. The function of CAR-T targeting EGFRvIII was then evaluated. The EGFRvIII-CAR vector was successfully constructed and confirmed by DNA sequencing. A stable virus-producing cell line was produced from a single clone by limited dilution. The culture conditions for the cell line, including cell density, temperature, and culture medium were optimized. After infection with retrovirus, CAR was expressed on more than 90% of the T cells. The proliferation of CAR-T cells were induced by cytokine and specific antigen in vitro. More importantly, EGFRvIII-CART specifically and efficiently recognized and killed A549-EGFRvIII cells with an effector/target ratio of 10:1 by expressing and releasing cytokines, including perforin, granzyme B, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. The in vivo study indicated that the metastasis of A549-EGFRvIII cells in mice were inhibited by EGFRvIII-CART cells, and the survival of the mice was significantly prolonged with no serious side effects. EGFRvIII-CART showed significantly efficient antitumor activity against lung cancer cells expressing EGFRvIII in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, CAR-T targeting EGFRvIII is a potential therapeutic strategy in preventing recurrence and metastasis of lung cancer after surgery.
Animals ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; immunology ; therapy ; Cell Line, Tumor ; ErbB Receptors ; immunology ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive ; methods ; Lung Neoplasms ; immunology ; therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective To investigate the characters of cortical thickness and mean curvature for the patients with the first episode schizophrenia and explore the relationship with clinical symptoms.Method Eighty-six patients with first episode schizophrenia and 49 healthy controls were recruited.The structure data of T1 image was processed using FreeSurfer automatic package and obtained cortical thickness and mean curvature.These brain morphological indicators were compared between patients and healthy controls.For the patient group,Pearson correlation between cortical thickness,mean curvature and clinical symptoms was calculated.Results Compared with controls,the cortical thickness of bilateral central sulcus (left:(1.897±0.102) mm vs.(1.814±0.108) mm;right:(1.871 ±0.119) mm vs.(1.784±0.108) mm) was thicker in patient group (F=24.24,18.59;both P＜0.00 067);while the bilateral superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula (left:(2.495±0.122) mm vs.(2.591±0.138) mm;right:(2.602±0.133) mm vs.(2.710±0.131) mm) and left anterior transverse collateral sulcus ((2.599±0.250) mm vs.(2.782±0.238) mm) were thinner in patient group (F=16.75,22.61,18.86,both P＜0.00 067).Patients with schizophrenia showed significant (F=14.52,13.08,both P＜0.000 67) higher mean curvature than healthy control only in post central gyrus ((0.166±0.026) mm-1 vs.(0.150±0.011) mm-1) and inferior temporal gyrus ((0.186±0.016) mm-1 vs.(0.177±0.011) mm-1) of the left brain;while in the right brain,patient group showed significant (F=14.20,14.42,12.75,15.02,14.80,12.16,13.74,16.70,12.77,all P＜0.000 67)higher mean curvature than healthy control in the middle frontal gyrus,frontal polar transverse gyrus and sulcus,lateral orbital sulcus,anterior cingulate cortex,the middle of the occipital-temporal sulcus and lingual sulcus,superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula,cuneus,precuneus and superior occipital gyrus.The cortical thickness of left anterior transverse collateral sulcus showed positive correlation with PANSS total score (r=0.322,P＜0.01).The mean curvature of right anterior cingulate cortex showed negative correlation with PANSS negative scale (r=-0.262,P＜0.05).The mean curvature of right superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula had a positive correlation with PANSS positive scale (r=0.240,P＜0.05).Tbe mean curvature of right collateral sulcus and lingual sulcus showed negative correlation with PANSS total score (r=-0.260,P＜0.05).Conclusions Cortical thickness and mean curvature displayed abnormally in multi regions of the first episode schizophrenia compared with healthy control.Besides that,some of the abnormal brain morphological indicators correlated with the clinical symptoms severity.

Objective To investigate the characters of cortical thickness and mean curvature for the patients with the first episode schizophrenia and explore the relationship with clinical symptoms.Method Eighty-six patients with first episode schizophrenia and 49 healthy controls were recruited.The structure data of T1 image was processed using FreeSurfer automatic package and obtained cortical thickness and mean curvature.These brain morphological indicators were compared between patients and healthy controls.For the patient group,Pearson correlation between cortical thickness,mean curvature and clinical symptoms was calculated.Results Compared with controls,the cortical thickness of bilateral central sulcus (left:(1.897±0.102) mm vs.(1.814±0.108) mm;right:(1.871 ±0.119) mm vs.(1.784±0.108) mm) was thicker in patient group (F=24.24,18.59;both P＜0.00 067);while the bilateral superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula (left:(2.495±0.122) mm vs.(2.591±0.138) mm;right:(2.602±0.133) mm vs.(2.710±0.131) mm) and left anterior transverse collateral sulcus ((2.599±0.250) mm vs.(2.782±0.238) mm) were thinner in patient group (F=16.75,22.61,18.86,both P＜0.00 067).Patients with schizophrenia showed significant (F=14.52,13.08,both P＜0.000 67) higher mean curvature than healthy control only in post central gyrus ((0.166±0.026) mm-1 vs.(0.150±0.011) mm-1) and inferior temporal gyrus ((0.186±0.016) mm-1 vs.(0.177±0.011) mm-1) of the left brain;while in the right brain,patient group showed significant (F=14.20,14.42,12.75,15.02,14.80,12.16,13.74,16.70,12.77,all P＜0.000 67)higher mean curvature than healthy control in the middle frontal gyrus,frontal polar transverse gyrus and sulcus,lateral orbital sulcus,anterior cingulate cortex,the middle of the occipital-temporal sulcus and lingual sulcus,superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula,cuneus,precuneus and superior occipital gyrus.The cortical thickness of left anterior transverse collateral sulcus showed positive correlation with PANSS total score (r=0.322,P＜0.01).The mean curvature of right anterior cingulate cortex showed negative correlation with PANSS negative scale (r=-0.262,P＜0.05).The mean curvature of right superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula had a positive correlation with PANSS positive scale (r=0.240,P＜0.05).Tbe mean curvature of right collateral sulcus and lingual sulcus showed negative correlation with PANSS total score (r=-0.260,P＜0.05).Conclusions Cortical thickness and mean curvature displayed abnormally in multi regions of the first episode schizophrenia compared with healthy control.Besides that,some of the abnormal brain morphological indicators correlated with the clinical symptoms severity.

Objective To establish a high-throughput evaluation model for anaphylactic reactions; To screen and identify potential anaphylactogens from TCM monomeric compounds.MethodsCell model of stably expressed MrgX2 was established. Recombinate plasmid pmCherry-C1-MrgX2 was transfected to HEK293 to establish cell line for screening model. MrgX2 agonist and antagonist were used to identify the validation and stability of the cell line. A small library consisting of 180 compounds was profiled by using a cell-based calcium mobilization assay to find novel compounds targeting the MrgX2 receptor. EC50 test, IC50 test, specificity validation and cytotoxicity evaluation were carried out to detect the function of the positive agonist.ResultsThe EC50 of C48/80 to MrgX2 model was 2.7 μg/mL and the IC50 of 2-APB (evoked by 10 μg/mL C48/80) was 46.29 μmol/L. The first generation cell model of MrgX2 was similar to the 20th generation, and the Z factor of MrgX2 cell model was 0.78. In the primary screening for agonist, isoliensinine was identified as a novel agonist targeting receptor MrgX2 with an EC50 of 4.5 μmol/L and IC50 of39.47 μmol/L. Moreover, isoliensinine was validated to activate MrgX2 receptor specifically without cytotoxicity. Conclusion A high-throughput evaluation method for anaphylactic reactions can be established in vitro through calcium mobilization assay. A potential anaphylactogen isoliensinine is identified and validated.

Objective To survey small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(sdLDL-C)distribution among different popula-tions,and analyze its relationship with lipid component.Methods 986 cases of people who underwent medical examination in the hospital were recruited in the study.There were 654 people with normal concentrations of serum blood lipids(normal blood lipids group),according to sex and age they were divided into groups.The people whose serum lipids concentrations increased above the normal range were divided into TG increasing group,LDL-C increasing group and joint increasing group according to the type of lip-ids componet increased.Serum sdLDL-C,LDL-C,TG,TC,HDL-C,ApoAⅠ and ApoB were determind in the people mentioned a-bove,and the correlation between sdLDL-C and TG,TC,HDL-C,ApoAⅠ,ApoB concentrations were analyzed.Results SdLDL-C began to decline after the age of 70,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05 );the ensemble average of the males was higher than that of females,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).The serum sdLDL-C cocentrations of all the serum lipis increasing groups were significantly higher than those of normal blood lipids group,the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 ).SdLDL-C concentrations were positively correlated with TC,TG,ApoB(r =0.254,0.589,0.302),and was negative correlated with HDL-C and ApoA Ⅰ (r = - 0.421,- 0.275,- 0.311 ).Conclusion There was a positive correlation between sdLDL-C and TC,TG,ApoB,and sdLDL-C was negatively correlated with HDL-C,ApoAⅠ,which can accurately reflect the overall status of lipid metabolism.