To investigate the awareness of cognitive impairment disorders among residents of the Xizang Autonomous Region and its influencing factors, thereby providing a basis for targeted prevention and treatment efforts.

From April to December 2024, a questionnaire survey was conducted among permanent residents aged ≥18 years (residing in the Xizang Autonomous Region for 180 days or more). The survey was primarily conducted online, supplemented by QR code distribution during community medical outreach by healthcare workers. Demographic information and data on awareness of cognitive disorders were collected, and an ordered Logistic regression model was used to analyze influencing factors in the overall population and stratified by occupation.

A total of 327 questionnaires were collected, with 14 excluded (13 for not meeting residency requirements and 1 for self-reported diagnosis of cognitive impairment), leaving 313 valid questionnaires. The average age of respondents was 42.0±11.9 years; 108 (34.5%) were male, and 205 (65.5%) were female. Most respondents were from Lhasa (78.6%, 246/313); 179 (57.2%) were healthcare workers, and 134 (42.8%) were non-healthcare workers. Regarding awareness of cognitive impairment disorders, 7.3% (23/313) were "unaware", 75.7% (237/313) were "partially aware", and 16.9% (53/313) were "well aware".Ordered Logistic regression analysis revealed that education level of high school or below (OR=2.82, 95% CI: 1.18-6.75, P=0.020), non-healthcare workers (OR=4.03, 95% CI: 2.00-8.14, P < 0.001), and no prior contact with cognitive impairment patients (OR=2.95, 95% CI: 1.64-5.32, P < 0.001) were associated with lower disease awareness. Subgroup analysis stratified by occupation showed that education level of high school or below (OR=3.00, 95% CI: 1.10-8.15, P=0.031) and no prior contact with cognitive impairment patients (OR=3.13, 95% CI: 1.14-8.60, P=0.027) were associated with lower awareness among non-healthcare workers, while no prior contact with cognitive impairment patients (OR=3.40, 95% CI: 1.61-7.20, P=0.001) was associated with lower awareness among healthcare workers.

Awareness of cognitive impairment disorders among residents of the Xizang Autonomous Region needs improvement. Educational level, occupation, and prior contact with cognitive impairment patients significantly influence disease awareness. Enhancing overall education levels and using vivid clinical case presentations in health education and public outreach are key strategies to improve public awareness of cognitive impairment disorders.

Objective:To explore the predictive value of the change rate of parathyroid hormone (PTH) after total thyroidectomy (TT) for hypoparathyroid function.Methods:A total of 182 patients with thyroid tumor who underwent TT from Jan. 2018 to Jun. 2023 in the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were retrospectively selected as the study objects. The clinical and surgical data of the patients were collected, and the key factors associated with postoperative hypoparathyroidism were screened by multi-factor analysis. The change rate of serum PTH was calculated during perioperative period (before operation, at the end of operation, 1 and 3 days after operation). Receiver operator curve (ROC) was used to analyze the predictive value of PTH change rate in all patients.Results:Whether temporary hypoparathyroidism (THP) or permanent hypoparathyroidism (PHP), both were closely related to TT+ bilateral central lymph node dissection ( χ2=33.764, 9.235, P < 0.05) and parathyroid resection ( χ2=6.512, 58.999, P < 0.05). The change rate of PTH in HP patients was significantly higher than that in normal patients ( F=15.993, 16.830, 19.024, P < 0.05), and on the first and third day after surgery, the change rate of PTH in PHP patients was significantly higher than that in THP patients ( t=7.955, 9.023, P < 0.05). The predicted area under curve (AUC) of THP or PHP in different patient populations is different with the change rate of PTH in different periods. For patients with TT+ bilateral central lymph node dissection and parathyroidectomy, the change rate of PTH at the end of surgery was significantly higher than the change rate of PTH at 3 days after surgery for the AUC with PHP ( Z=5.433, 4.923, P < 0.05) . Conclusion:Perioperative PTH has good predictive value for THP and PHP in TT patients, especially in TT+ bilateral central lymph node dissection and parathyroidectomy.

OBJECTIVETo assess the safety, feasibility and clinical outcome of laparoscopic radical resection for low rectal cancer with telescopic anastomosis or with colostomy by stapler through transanal resection without abdominal incisions.

METHODSFrom January 2010 to September 2014, 37 patients underwent laparoscopic radical resection for low rectal cancer through transanal resection without abdominal incisions. The tumors were 4-7 cm above the anal verge. On preoperative assessment, 26 cases were T1N0M0 and 11 were T2N0M0.

RESULTSFor all cases, successful surgery was performed. In telescopic anastomosis group, the mean operative time was (178±21) min, with average blood loss of (76±11) ml and (13±7) lymph nodes harvested. Return of bowel function was (3.0±1.2) d and the hospital stay was (12.0±4.2) d without postoperative complications. Patients were followed up for 3-45 months. Twelve months after surgery, 94.6%(35/37) patients achieved anal function Kirwan grade 1, indicating that their anal function returned to normal.

CONCLUSIONSLaparoscopic radical resection for low rectal cancer with telescopic anastomosis or colostomy by stapler through transanal resection without abdominal incisions is safe and feasible. Satisfactory clinical outcome can be achieved mini-invasively.

Anal Canal ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Colostomy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Lymph Nodes ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Safety

Objective To assess the safety, feasibility and clinical outcome of laparoscopic radical resection for low rectal cancer with telescopic anastomosis or with colostomy by stapler through transanal resection without abdominal incisions. Methods From January 2010 to September 2014, 37 patients underwent laparoscopic radical resection for low rectal cancer through transanal resection without abdominal incisions. The tumors were 4-7 cm above the anal verge. On preoperative assessment , 26 cases were T1N0M0 and 11 were T2N0M0. Results For all cases, successful surgery was performed. In telescopic anastomosis group, the mean operative time was (178±21) min, with average blood loss of (76±11) ml and (13±7) lymph nodes harvested. Return of bowel function was (3.0±1.2) d and the hospital stay was (12.0±4.2) d without postoperative complications. Patients were followed up for 3-45 months. Twelve months after surgery, 94.6%(35/37) patients achieved anal function Kirwan grade 1, indicating that their anal function returned to normal. Conclusions Laparoscopic radical resection for low rectal cancer with telescopic anastomosis or colostomy by stapler through transanal resection without abdominal incisions is safe and feasible. Satisfactory clinical outcome can be achieved mini-invasively.

Objective To assess the safety, feasibility and clinical outcome of laparoscopic radical resection for low rectal cancer with telescopic anastomosis or with colostomy by stapler through transanal resection without abdominal incisions. Methods From January 2010 to September 2014, 37 patients underwent laparoscopic radical resection for low rectal cancer through transanal resection without abdominal incisions. The tumors were 4-7 cm above the anal verge. On preoperative assessment , 26 cases were T1N0M0 and 11 were T2N0M0. Results For all cases, successful surgery was performed. In telescopic anastomosis group, the mean operative time was (178±21) min, with average blood loss of (76±11) ml and (13±7) lymph nodes harvested. Return of bowel function was (3.0±1.2) d and the hospital stay was (12.0±4.2) d without postoperative complications. Patients were followed up for 3-45 months. Twelve months after surgery, 94.6%(35/37) patients achieved anal function Kirwan grade 1, indicating that their anal function returned to normal. Conclusions Laparoscopic radical resection for low rectal cancer with telescopic anastomosis or colostomy by stapler through transanal resection without abdominal incisions is safe and feasible. Satisfactory clinical outcome can be achieved mini-invasively.

ObjectiveTo explore the antitumor effect of solanine and its mechanisms.MethodsThe in vivo antitumor effect of solanine was observed using models developed through in vivo transplantation of tumor cells; In vitro lines of sensitive antitumor cells were selected from the digestive system using MTT assay; The effect of solanine on cell morphology was observed using transmission electronic microscopy; The morphology of apoptotic cells was observed using Annexin V/PI double staining and laser confocal scanning microscopy (LCSM); The rate of cell apoptosis was measured using Annexin V/PI double staining and flow cytometry; The concentration of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]1) was determined using Fluo-3/AM staining and LCSM; The membrane potential of cellular mitochondria was determined using TMRE staining and LCSM; The protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was measured using immunological marking and LCSM; And the activity of caspase-3 was measured using the colorimetric method.ResultsSolanine could inhibit the growth of tumor weight in S180 tumor-bearing mice and prolong the survival time of H22 tumor-bearing mice.MTT assay revealed that HepG2 cells were quite sensitive to solanine because solanine could induce morphological changes in HepG2 cells,with the rate of early apoptosis being 4％,8.5％,and 20.1％,for HepG2 cells treated for 24 h with solanine at concentration of 0.4,2,and 10 μg/mL,respectively.Solanine could raise the [Ca2+]i and lower the membrane potential.It could reduce the protein expression of Bcl-2 while increase that of Bax,thus increasing the activity of caspase-3.ConclusionThe obvious antitumor activity of sotanine in human hepatocarcinoma is demonstrated.This inhibitory effect is achieved through solanine decreasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio,thus increasing [Ca2+]i,which could enhance the enzymatic activity of the caspase family,thus inducing the apoptosis of HepG2 cells.

OBJECTIVETo study how the way in which betaine promotes the proliferation of mouse spleen lymphocytes is related to calcium channels.

METHODBALB/c mice were used for this experiment. Mouse spleen lymphocytes were obtained through in vitro cultivation after they had been separated, and were divided into a negative control group, a Con A group, and 0.04, 0.4, 4, and 20 mmol x L(-1) betaine groups. MTT was used to observe the effect of betaine on the proliferation of mouse spleen lymphocytes; flow cytometry was used to measure the changes in the cell cycle of mouse spleen lymphocytes; and laser confocal scanning microscopy was used to observe the changes in the intracellular [Ca2+]i of mouse spleen lymphocytes after betaine or different calcium channel blockers were applied.

RESULTBetaine was found to promote the proliferation of mouse spleen lymphocytes 12 h after it had been applied in vitro in concentrations of 4 and 20 mmol x L(-1). It was also found to promote the proliferation of mouse spleen lymphocytes 24 h and 48 h after it had been applied in vitro in concentrations of 0.04, 0.4, 4, and 20 mmol x L(-1), with the effect being most marked for the 4 mmol x L(-1) group 24 h after its application. It was found to facilitate the entry of mouse spleen lymphocytes from the G0/G1 to the S phase 4, 6, 18, and 24 h after it had been applied to mouse spleen lymphocytes in a concentration of 4 mmol x L(-1), with the effect being most marked at 18 h after its application. Intracellular [Ca2+]i in mouse spleen lymphocytes increased significantly (P < 0.01) 6, 12, 18 h after 4 mmol x L(-1) betaine had acted on the lymphocytes, with the effect being most marked at 6 h. The calcium channel blockers nifidipine, diltiazem, mibefradil, and genistein had no effect on the increase of the intracellular [Ca2+]i in mouse spleen lymphocytes due to the application of betaine, while verapamil, mycifradin, heparin, and procaine could block such increase.

CONCLUSIONBetaine facilitates the entry of mouse spleen lymphocytes from the G0/G1 into the S phase by raising the intracellular [Ca2+]i in these cells, thus promoting their proliferation. Intracellular [Ca2+]i increases mainly in two ways: (1) By affecting the alpha1 subunit of the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel with mediation by G proteins and thus leading to an efflux of intracellular calcium: (2) By affecting the IP3R and RyR calcium channels of the intracellular calcium stores and thus leading to the release of intracellular calcium.

Animals ; Betaine ; pharmacology ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Calcium Channels ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Female ; Lymphocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

BACKGROUND: It is needed in the treatment of yearly increased nervous and mental diseases to seek safe and effective sedatives and tranquilizers from natural drugs. It is found in the previous experiments that the total alkaloid of equisetum pratense (TAEP) has the satisfactory sedative and tranquitrzing actions.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the inhibitory effect of TAEP on the central nervous system.DESIGN: A randomized control study taking experiment animals as the observing objects.SETTING: The Post-doctor Scientific Research Station, Institute of Materia Medica, Harbin Shangye University.PARTICIPANTS: The experiment was carried out in the Department of Pharmacology, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between March 2002 and January 2003. The drug was TAEP, and 24 Wistar rats were used.METHODS: Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: TAEP group (60 mg/kg), reserpine group (30 mg/kg) and saline group (the same volume), all the rats were given intraperitoneal injections of the above drugs in corresponding dosages, and then the contents of monoamine neurotransmitters in brain were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrochemistry (HPLC-EC) and HPLC-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The contents of monoamine neurotranmitters of norepinephrine, adrenalin, dopamine and 5-serotonin (5-HA) and its metabolites of DHPR, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and homovanillic acid in the striatum and marginal area of brain in rats were observed.RESULTS: There were 8 rats in each group both before and after the experiment without abnormalities or death. TAEP significantly lowered the contents of monoamine neurotranmitter but increased the contents of neutral and acidic metabolites of monoamine neurotranmitters in the striatum of rats. TAEP significantly decreased the monoamine neurotranmitters and significantly elevated the contents of monoamine metabolites of 5-HIAA and homovanillic acid, but insignificantly increased the content of DHPR in the marginal area of brain (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The sedative and tranquilizing actions of TAEP are associated with the decreased contents of central monoamine neurotranmitters. TAEP has an action on the evacuation of monoamine which is similar to reserpine, which may be considered as one of the mechanisms of its sedative and tranquitrzing actions on central nerve system.

Objective To study the anti-tumor effects of humulon on arylamine N-acetyltransferase-1(NAT1)activity.Methods Employing HPLC,using PABA as substrate,in intact SGC-7901 cells and their cytoplasm,making PABA being acetylated to Ac-PABA by NAT1 as the activity of NAT1.Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)assay was used to study the expression of the NAT1 mRNA.Results The results show that humulon could inhibit the production of Ac-PABA in intact SGC-7901 cell and the cytoplasm,the production of Ac-PABA was gradually increased with the interaction time increasing.But comparing with corresponding negative control group's,the production of Ac-PABA was decreased evidently and the humulone could inhibit the expression of NAT1 mRNA.Conclusion Humulon could prevent the occurrence and deterioration of cancer.Its mechanisms can be attributed to its effect on decreasing the production of acetylation of carcinogenic aromatic amines,which is acetylated from aromatic amines,and inhibiting the NAT1 activity and expression of NAT1 mRNA.

Objective To explore the effects of humulon on kinetic parameters of N-acetyltransferase-1(NAT1) of human gastric cancer SGC-7901.Methods Employing HPLC,using para-aminobenzoic acid(PABA) as substrate,in intact SGC-7901 cells and their cytoplasm,taking the speed of PABA being acetylated to Ac-PABA by NAT1 as the rate of NAT1,using double reciprocal plot,taking the reciprocal of concentration of PABA and reaction rate of NAT1 as coordinates,regression equation was obtainied and the Michaelis constant(Km) and maximum reaction velocity(Vmax) were calculated.Results Study on enzyme kinetics demonstrated,as for intact SGC-7901 cells,Km and Vmax of control group were(3.910?0.087) ?mol/L and(0.306 0?0.006 7) pmol/L(1?106 cells),respectively,Km and Vmax of the humulon group were(3.830?0.123) ?mol/L and(0.275 0?0.005 8) pmol(1?106 cells),respectively.As for the cytoplasm of SGC-7901 cells,Km and Vmax of control group were(760.2?210.2) ?mol/L and(0.191 0?0.043 7) pmol/(mg?min),Km and Vmax of the humulon group were(449.0?72.9) ?mol/L and(0.094 0?0.010 4) pmol/(mg?min).Statistically,as for intact SGC-7901 cells or their cytoplasm,there was no difference of the Km between control group and humulon group,but there was remarkable difference of Vmax between control group and humulon group,P