Objective To establish a mouse model treated with busulfan and to investigate its effects on the metabo-lism of spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs)of mouse testis.Methods C57BL/6J male mice with age of 8 weeks were injected with 10 mg/kg of busulfan intraperitoneally,then Thy1 positive cells were selected by immunomagnetic beads on day 0,day 5 and day 10 and followed by identification for purity and metabolomic analysis.Results The testis weight ratio decreased and the tissue structure of testis was damaged(P＜0.05).Based on the results of principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA),there were signifi-cant metabolic differences between the sample groups treated for 0 d,5 d and 10 d.A total of 89 differential metabolites were identified including glutathione(GSH),arginine and unsaturatedfatty acids(UFAs),and their important metabolic pathways involved glycerophospholipid metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism.Conclu-sions Affecting the specific metabolic pathway may result in obvious reproductive toxicity and lead to decrease of testicular weight as well as tissue structure damage in mice.Metabolomic analysis showed that the potential repro-ductive toxicity mechanism of SSCs may be related to the metabolic pathways such as lipid metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism.

Objective:To explore the application of spiral tracheoplasty in the repair of large tracheal defects after the resection of trachea invaded by thyroid cancer.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 11 patients, including 4 males and 7 females, aged from 36 to 67 years old, with large tracheal defects after tracheal resection due to thyroid papillary carcinoma invading the trachea in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from January 2019 to January 2022. The range of tracheal defects, time of tracheal reconstruction, postoperative complications and airway were recorded, and the patients were followed up for more than 24 months.Results:All patients underwent total thyroidectomy and tracheal resection and spiral reconstruction, and 2 of the cases underwent cricoid cartilage resection on the invaded side of cartilage. The tracheal defect accounted for 40%-60% of the circumference, and the lengths of the tracheal defects were 5.0 cm×7.5 cm and 6-9 tracheal rings, with 2 cases combined with partial defects of the cricoid cartilage. The reconstruction time was 30-60 min, with an average of 41.81 min. Among the 11 patients, 3 had recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, and 2 underwent tracheotomy. Four patients presented with hypocalcemia within one month after the operation. Followed up for 24-60 months, no tracheal stenosis occurred, the 2-year survival rate was 100%, the 2-year local control rate of the trachea was 100%, and the 2-year tumor-free survival rate was 81.8%.Conclusion:Spiral tracheoplasty is a safe and effective method that can reduce the tension at the tracheal anastomosis and expand the tracheal cavity, which can be used for tracheal reconstruction after extensive resection of trachea invaded by locally advanced thyroid cancer.

Objective:To explore the application of spiral tracheoplasty in the repair of large tracheal defects after the resection of trachea invaded by thyroid cancer.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 11 patients, including 4 males and 7 females, aged from 36 to 67 years old, with large tracheal defects after tracheal resection due to thyroid papillary carcinoma invading the trachea in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from January 2019 to January 2022. The range of tracheal defects, time of tracheal reconstruction, postoperative complications and airway were recorded, and the patients were followed up for more than 24 months.Results:All patients underwent total thyroidectomy and tracheal resection and spiral reconstruction, and 2 of the cases underwent cricoid cartilage resection on the invaded side of cartilage. The tracheal defect accounted for 40%-60% of the circumference, and the lengths of the tracheal defects were 5.0 cm×7.5 cm and 6-9 tracheal rings, with 2 cases combined with partial defects of the cricoid cartilage. The reconstruction time was 30-60 min, with an average of 41.81 min. Among the 11 patients, 3 had recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, and 2 underwent tracheotomy. Four patients presented with hypocalcemia within one month after the operation. Followed up for 24-60 months, no tracheal stenosis occurred, the 2-year survival rate was 100%, the 2-year local control rate of the trachea was 100%, and the 2-year tumor-free survival rate was 81.8%.Conclusion:Spiral tracheoplasty is a safe and effective method that can reduce the tension at the tracheal anastomosis and expand the tracheal cavity, which can be used for tracheal reconstruction after extensive resection of trachea invaded by locally advanced thyroid cancer.

Objective To identify hepatitis B virus X-interactive proteins by comparative proteomics method and to understand the molecular mechanism of HBx in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE)was used to separate the total proteins of HBx-transfected human hepatoma cell lines HepG2-Px and its parental cell lines HepG2-P_0.PDQuest software was applied to analyze 2 DE images.The differentially expressed protein spots between the two cell lines were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorptionionization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS)and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry(ESI-Q-TOF).Then,the differential expression levels of some identified proteins were determined by Western blot.The data were compared using t test.Results The well-resolved,reproducible 2-DE patterns of HepG2-Px and HepG2-P_0 total proteins were established.A total of 32 differential proteins were identified in HepG2-Px cell,including 25 up-regulated proteins,such as heat shock protein(HSP)90AB1,Bcl-2 associated athanogene(BAG)-2,nucleophosmin(B23),chloride intracellular channel(CLIC)-1,matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-3,melanoma antigen(MAGE)-12,and 7 down-regulated proteins,such as Wnt-5a.The differential expression levels of some proteins between the two cell lines were confirmed by Western blot analysis.Conclusions Most of the identified proteins are involved in many processes,such as transcription,signal transduction,cell proliferation,cell cycle regulator,apoptosis,DNA repair,metabolisms and immunity.These differential proteins may play a role in tumor genesis and HC development.The data are valuable for further study on the role of HBx in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the functions of differentially expressed genes between abdominal aortic aneurysm and normal aortic tissue by cDNA microarray.

METHODSTotal RNAs were respectively isolated from the normal aorta and aortic aneurysm, purified into mRNAs by oligotex. Subsequently they were reverse-transcribed into cDNAs incorporated with fluorescent dUTP to make hybridization probes, which were hybridized as the cDNA microarray for scanning of fluorescent signals and differentially expressed genes between the normal aortic and aortic aneurysm by using GenePix Pro 3.0 software.

RESULTSA total of 18 differentially expressed genes were detected, accounting for 0.44% of total genes. Among these genes, 11 were related to cell cycle and the remaining 7 to cell apoptosis. The number of upregulated genes in the aortic aneurysm was 9 (mean ratio: 3.860) and that of the downregulated 9 (mean Ratio: 0.294). Bio-informative analysis showed that these 18 genes might influence the growth and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells in abdominal aortic aneurysms.

CONCLUSIONSDuring the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms, modulations of multi-gene expression would undergo various changes. Cell cycle and apoptosis-related genes were related to the growth and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells in abdominal aortic aneurysms. Further research into these genes will clarify the mechanisms of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; genetics ; pathology ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Cell Cycle ; genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis