Population based health data collection and analysis are important in epidemiological research. In recent years, with the rapid development of big data, Internet and cloud computing, artificial intelligence has gradually attracted attention of epidemiological researchers. More and more researchers are trying to use artificial intelligence algorithms for genome sequencing and medical image data mining, and for disease diagnosis, risk prediction and others. In recent years, machine learning, a branch of artificial intelligence, has been widely used in epidemiological research. This paper summarizes the key fields and progress in the application of machine learning in epidemiology, reviews the development history of machine learning, analyzes the classic cases and current challenges in its application in epidemiological research, and introduces the current application scenarios and future development trends of machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms for the better exploration of the epidemiological research value of massive medical health data in China.

Objective To explore the role and mechanism of crocin in pituitary adenoma(PA)through clinical samples and related molecular biology experiments of HP75 cells.Methods From June 2022 to May 2023,16 PA samples were collected from the Second Department of Neurology and Otolaryngology skull base surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University.Three normal control samples were from the human anatomy of the Forensic College of Kunming Medical University.The expression of IRF7 mRNA in clinical samples was detected,and the proliferation,migration,invasion and apoptosis of HP75 cells were detected by knocking down the expression of IRF7;the expression of NF-κB was regulated by IRF7 in HP75 cells,and crocin regulated the growth of PA cells and its regulatory effect on IRF7/NF-κB signaling pathway.Results RT-qPCR and immunohisto-chemistry showed that compared with the normal control group,the expression of IRF7 mRNA in PA was significantly increased(P＜0.001);the expression of IRF7 protein in si-IRF7 group was significantly decreased(P＜0.001);CCK-8,Transwell and flow cytometry results showed that compared with the control group,knockdown of IRF7 significantly decreased the cell viability of HP75 cells(P＜0.001),inhibited the migration and invasion(P＜0.001),and promoted the apoptosis of HP75 cells(P＜0.001).In addition,knockdown of IRF7 could inhibit the expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65(P＜0.001)and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65(P＜0.001).Overexpression of IRF7 partially reversed the effect of crocin(P＜0.001)and restored the expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65(P＜0.01).Finally,the biological behavior of HP75 cells showed that compared with crocin group,overexpression of IRF7 could improve the cell viability of HP75 cells,promote their migration and invasion,and inhibit cell apoptosis(P＜0.001).Conclusion Crocin treatment can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of PA cells,promote cell apoptosis,and alleviate the development of PA.In the mechanism,IRF7 is significantly overexpressed in PA,and knockdown of IRF7 can inhibit the malignant growth of PA.Crocin can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of PA cells,and promote apoptosis by inhibiting IRF7/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective: To understand lunch satisfaction and leftovers of Changsha compulsory education schools under different supply modes served by school canteens and specialized enterprises,and to provide scientific basis for the government to formulate school lunch improvement policies. Methods: Multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to random select 2 203 students from 8 primary and secondary schools in Changsha who were administered with questionnair survey in April to May of 2018. Results: For school lunch, the overall rate of satisfaction was 78.8%.The overall lunch satisfaction of female and primany school students were higher than that of male and junior high school students respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Totally 76.0% of students had the highest satisfaction in food hygiene and the lowest satisfaction rate was 60.0% in food taste. By comparing different supply modes, the overall satisfaction rate of meal quantity was higher (47.8%) under school canteens, and that of dining environment was relatively high (43.7%) under specialized enterprises. "Don-t like some food" (63.8%) was the main reason for students leftovers under the two supply modes. The lunch leftover rate of specialized enterprises (37.8%) was significantly higher than that of school cafeteria (30.6%)(χ 2=12.81，P<0.05). Conclusion The satisfaction of food taste and the rate of lunch leftovers need to be further improved. School canteens environment and management should be strengthened, as well as the flexibility and communication under specialized enterprises and family-school communication. The joint efforts by school and family are needed for healthy eating education.

Objective To explore the effect of medlar polysaccharide(MP) on blood fat metabolism of rat with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods 40 SD rats were randomly divided into a blank control group(n=7), and a NAFLD model group (n=33). The control group was treated with normal forage, and the control group was treated with high-fat forage. After 8 weeks, 30 NAFLD models were successfully established and divided into three groups randomly: a LBP intervention group (treatment group, n=10) was perfused with 60 mg/(kg?d)MP, a simvastatin intervention group(control group, n=10) was perfused with 5mg/(kg?d) simvastatin, and a model group(model group,n=10) was perfused with the same volume of water along with high fat diet at the same time. After 8 weeks, triglycerides, total cholesterol, ALT, AST, leptin, and adiponectin in the plasma in rat were test. Malondialdehyde, Superoxide Dismutase and Gamma glutamyl cysteinyl glycine were also detected in the liver tissue. Results After 8 weeks, the contents of TG (0.94 ± 0.09 mmol/Lvs.1.19 ± 0.13 mmol/L), TC (2.15 ± 0.20 mmol/L vs. 3.52 ± 0.29 mmol/L), ALT (41.75 ± 4.14 U/L vs. 55.34 ± 5.38 U/L), AST (129.61 ± 12.07 U/L vs. 164.96 ± 15.49 U/L), LP (235.69 ± 23.52 pg/ml vs. 284.01 ±29.43 pg/ml) were decreased, the contents of ADP (35.47 ± 3.09 μg/L vs. 26.31 ± 2.58 μg/L) was increased in serum of the treatment group compared with the model group (P<0.05 orP<0.01);the contents of SOD (92.40 ± 8.89 U/mg vs. 61.60 ± 5.89 U/mg), GSH (22.25 ± 2.21 mg/g vs. 15.50 ± 1.36 mg/g)were increased, and the contents of MDA (0.84 ± 0.08 nmol/mg vs. 1.07 ± 0.09 nmol/mg) was decreased in liver tissue of the treatment group compared with the model group (P<0.05 orP<0.01). HE stain showed that the treatment group improved the injury.Conclusions Medlar polysaccharide(MP) can inhibit lipid peroxidation by adjusting lipid metabolism.

Objective To explore the compliance , efficacy and patients ’ satisfaction of application of extended care services in the rehabilitation guidance for patients after breast cancer operation .Methods A total of 69 cases of cancer patients were randomly divided into two groups;35 cases in the experimental group and the 34 cases in the control group .The patients in the control group received conventional health education method , and the experimental group received the routine method and extended care services .The functional exercise compliance , efficacy and patients ’ satisfaction were compared between groups .Results The lift height of upper limb and the function of abduction and rotation were significantly better in the experimental group than those in the control group (χ2 =20.886, 22.104, respectively; P <0.01).The complete compliance rate in the experimental group and the control group were 80.0% and 14.7%, respectively, which was significantly different (χ2 =33.223, P<0.01).The satisfaction rate of patients in the experimental group was better than that in the control group (χ2 =25.880, P<0.01).Conclusions The extended care services can improve the effect of rehabilitation exercise in patients after modified radical mastectomy .Patients can correctly take the initiative to upper extremity function exercise .Thus, the extended care services can promote the rehabilitation of patients and improve patients ’ satisfactory degree .

Objective To observe the influence ofgypenosides on hydrogen sulfide in liver tissue and plasma of rat with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods 58 SPF male SD rats,with body mass 220～250 g,were randomly divided into a blank control group (group N,n=7),and a NAFLD and T2DM model group (Group M,n=51).Group N was fed with ordinary diet in the first four weeks,group M was fed with diets of high fat and sugar,injected with 40 mg/kg STZ overnight,and the same diets for the next four weeks.The rat model with T2DM and NAFLD was build.NAFLD and T2DM model group were divided into three groups:a high dose GPS group (JH,n=9) injected with 1 g/kg · d-1 GPS,a low dose GPS group (JL,n=9) injected with 0.5 g/kg · d-1 GPS,and a model group (M,n=9) injected with the same volume of water,and high fat diet at the same time.The treatment period was six weeks,and the experiment period was fourteen weeks.TG,TC,BS,and H2S in the plasma of rat were tested,and H2S in the liver tissue of the rat was tested.Results ①The changes of H2S in plasma:group JH [(4.30±0.43) μmol/L] and JL [(3.83 ±0.47) μmol/L] was lower than group M [(2.67 ± 0.41) μmol/L],there was a significant difference.②The changes of H2S in the liver tissue:group JH [(333.52±37.94) pmol/min/mg/protein] and JL [(275.81 ±36.07)pmol/min/mg/protein] was lower than group M [(237.8± 33.05) pmol/min/mg/protein],there was a significant difference.③BS levels:group JH(10.86±3.46)mmol/L,group JL (14.78±3.39)mmol/L,group M(18.84±4.24) mmol/L,group JH and JL was lower than group M,there was a significant difference (P＜0.01).④The plasma TG level:group N (0.96±0.09) mmol/L,group JH (2.82± 0.66) mmol/L,group JL (1.83± 0.56) mmol/L,group M (3.97 ± 0.64) mmol/L.group JH and JL was lower than group M,there was a significant difference (P＜0.01).Conclusion Gypenoside can reduce the blood sugar,triglycerides,and total cholesterol in rat with with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcohol fatty liver disease.H2S concentrations in plasma and liver tissue of the rats with T2DM and NAFLD were increased by GPS,showing dose dependence.Gypenosides can also improve metabolism of blood glucose and lipid in rats with T2DM and NAFLD.

Objective:To study the in vitro effect of adipose stromal stem cells(ASC) on phenotype and secretion of cytokines of allogenetic T lymphocytes,and to elucidate the possible roles of ASC for immunomodulation.Methods:ASC was isolated and cultured.The supernatant of ASC and ASC itself were co-cultured with allogenetic T lymphocytes.MTT assays were used to detect the proliferative rates of T cells.Annexin-Ⅴ/PI staining was used to detect apoptotic rates,and flow cytometry to detect the proportion of CD4+CD25+ cells.ELISA was used to detect the secretion of IL-10 and TGF-?1.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detect the expressing level of Foxp3 gene.Results:The supernatant of ASC had no deep impact on the proliferation and apoptosis of T lymphocytes.ASC had the direct inhibitory effect on growth of T lymphocytes,while the stem cells did not affect apoptosis.Both the supernatant of ASC and ASC itself increased the proportion of CD4+CD25+ cells in T lymphocytes,and increasd the level of IL-10 and TGF-?1.They could also up-regulate expressing level of Foxp3 in T cells.Conclusion:ASC can affect the function of T lymphocytes via cell-to-cell contact and secretion of cytokines.By these ways ASC exhibits negative immunomodulation and plays an important role in inducing immune tolerance.