Objective:To establish a three-dimensional culture and stress-loaded model of human periodontal ligament cells(hP-DLCs)in vitro and to determine the effect of static pressure on autophagy.Methods:Periodontal tissue was scraped from fresh ex-tracted tooth surfaces for culture and hPDLCs were obtained.Type Ⅰ rat tail collagen was extracted to prepare collagen-sodium algi-nate composite hydrogel,in which third-generation hPDLCs were embedded.After 72 h of culture,gene expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3,Atg-5 and Beclin-1 was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and the expression of Atg-5,Beclin-1 and LC3 was detected by Western blotting.Results:Cells grew well in collagen-alginate hydrogels.After 15 min of compressive stress loading,the level of autophagy of hPDLCs increased significantly and then gradually decreased to the baseline level.Conclusion:Collagen-alginate hydrogel has good biocompatibility and safety,and can be used as an excellent scaffold for three-dimensional cell culture in vitro.Static compressive stress can accelevate autophagy,and this acceleration is rapid and short-lived.

Objective:To establish a three-dimensional culture and stress-loaded model of human periodontal ligament cells(hP-DLCs)in vitro and to determine the effect of static pressure on autophagy.Methods:Periodontal tissue was scraped from fresh ex-tracted tooth surfaces for culture and hPDLCs were obtained.Type Ⅰ rat tail collagen was extracted to prepare collagen-sodium algi-nate composite hydrogel,in which third-generation hPDLCs were embedded.After 72 h of culture,gene expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3,Atg-5 and Beclin-1 was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and the expression of Atg-5,Beclin-1 and LC3 was detected by Western blotting.Results:Cells grew well in collagen-alginate hydrogels.After 15 min of compressive stress loading,the level of autophagy of hPDLCs increased significantly and then gradually decreased to the baseline level.Conclusion:Collagen-alginate hydrogel has good biocompatibility and safety,and can be used as an excellent scaffold for three-dimensional cell culture in vitro.Static compressive stress can accelevate autophagy,and this acceleration is rapid and short-lived.

Objective To research the proper bicarbonate concentration for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis ( RO) remineralization. Methods Comprehensive analyses were made on the effects of HCO3- l on the desalination corrosion index, the methods of shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization and related remineralization criteria. Then, the range of proper bicarbonate concentration of soft water remineralization was recommended for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization from different angles, which was verified by municipal drinking water quality survey results. Results HCO3- concentration greater than 90 mg/L could significantly reduce corrosiveness of desalinated water. Nevertheless, the contribution ration for Langelier index ( LSI) was debased when HCO3- was greater than 90 mg/L. At present, the minimum quality criteria for HCO3-concentration was equal or greater than 30mg/L proposed by most countries. Shipboard desalination remineralization was more preferable with direct addition of agent, but the dissolution of bicarbonate was quite low in water. Conclusion In consideration of the shipboard environment and support capability, the applicable bicarbonate concentration of shipboard RO desalination remineralization was 30-90 mg/L, which was within the range of drinking water bicarbonate concentration for 50％ of the cities in our country.

Objective To research the proper bicarbonate concentration for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis ( RO) remineralization. Methods Comprehensive analyses were made on the effects of HCO3- l on the desalination corrosion index, the methods of shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization and related remineralization criteria. Then, the range of proper bicarbonate concentration of soft water remineralization was recommended for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization from different angles, which was verified by municipal drinking water quality survey results. Results HCO3- concentration greater than 90 mg/L could significantly reduce corrosiveness of desalinated water. Nevertheless, the contribution ration for Langelier index ( LSI) was debased when HCO3- was greater than 90 mg/L. At present, the minimum quality criteria for HCO3-concentration was equal or greater than 30mg/L proposed by most countries. Shipboard desalination remineralization was more preferable with direct addition of agent, but the dissolution of bicarbonate was quite low in water. Conclusion In consideration of the shipboard environment and support capability, the applicable bicarbonate concentration of shipboard RO desalination remineralization was 30-90 mg/L, which was within the range of drinking water bicarbonate concentration for 50％ of the cities in our country.

Over the past decade, the management model of cancer patients has gradually shifted to individual mode based on molecular mutation detection. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation is an important driving factor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Compared with traditional chemotherapy, EGFR-targeted therapy shows significant safety and efficacy. However, not all patients with EGFR mutations are eligible for EGFR-targeted therapy, and different types of mutations often indicate different clinical outcomes, such as the sensitive mutations EGFR 19-Del, L858R, and the resistance mutation. In addition, the third-generation TKI drugs Osimertinib (AZD9291) and Rociletinib (CO-1686) have been developed to further benefit patients with primary TKI resistance caused by T790M mutation of EGFR. Therefore, detection of the EGFR mutation status of patients before treatment, and continuously monitoring the mutation of drug resistance genes during the treatment process is useful for the management of targeted drugs in NSCLC patients. In recent years, the rapid development of "liquid biopsy" technology has made it possible to use non-invasive methods to monitor drug resistance mutations in real time. In this paper, we reviewed the clinical application of various non-invasive detection techniques for EGFR mutations in NSCLC in different liquid samples.
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Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; methods ; ErbB Receptors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation

Background and purpose:Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) is playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis, therapy and follow-up of lymphoma patients. This study aimed to explore clinical and pathological features and bone marrow infiltration status in lymphoma patients with diffused high bone marrow glucose uptake on18F-FDG PET/CT.Methods:It was a retrospective study. Bone marrow infiltration status, pathological and clinical data from 62 cases of pathologically diagnosed lymphoma and diffused high bone marrow glucose uptake were analyzed.Results:Distribution of histopathological subtype in those cases was in accordance with that in previously reported Chinese lymphoma patients. Significant difference was demonstrated in standard uptake value (SUV) between pa-tients with aggressive and indolent histopathological subtypes (8.43vs 5.38,P=0.048), patients with and without B symp-toms (8.30vs 5.72,P=0.033), and patients with and without bone marrow infiltration (8.78vs 6.96,P=0.020). 32 patients were diagnosed as “bone marrow infiltration” by bone marrow biopsy. There was significant difference in histopathologi-cal subtype distribution between patients with and without bone marrow infiltration (P=0.001). In patients with bone marrow infiltration, there were higher proportions of mantle cell lymphoma, nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma, Burkitt’s lym-phoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. In contrast, patients without bone marrow infiltration suffered more from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, peripheral T cell lymphoma, enteropathic T cell lymphoma and extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (nasal type). False positive results in bone marrow glucose uptake may be caused by fever or anemia.Conclusion:Diffused high bone marrow glucose uptake on18F-FDG PET/CT should be evaluated in combination with the uptake values, clinical features and histological subtypes, to minimize the misdiagnosis and to better guide staging and therapy of lymphoma.