Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and future trends of clinical trials related to TCM prevention and treatment of constipation by analyzing the clinical trials registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR).Methods The clinical trials data related to TCM prevention and treatment of constipation in the ChiCTR database were retrieved from the establishment of the database to April 15,2024.Excel 2019 was utilized for de-duplication.Subsequently,SPSS 26.0 was employed to analyze the general characteristics,research types,intervention measures,etc.of the included trials,charts were drawn,and the clinical trial characteristics were summarized.Results A total of 107 clinical trials were included,with 102 being pre-registered,involving 21 provincial-level administrative regions and 75 clinical institutions.The top five regions in terms of the number of registered clinical trials were Beijing(19.63%),Shanghai(15.89%),Guangdong(14.02%),Sichuan(10.28%)and Jiangsu(9.35%).The top three sources of funding were local finance(28.97%),self-raised funds(18.69%)and hospital-funded funds(15.89%).The research types were mostly intervention studies(92.52%),of which 41 explicitly stated the use of blinding methods,and the main research design type is randomized parallel controlled trial.Conclusion The number of clinical trials related to TCM prevention and treatment of constipation registered in ChiCTR is on an upward trend.However,there is a noticeable geographical imbalance in the distribution of these trials,and there is a need for further improvement in the quality of trial design and the standardization of registration information.

OBJECTIVE To formulate an expert consensus on the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases in railway stations and trains in China,and to standardize the prevention and control of respiratory infec-tious diseases in railway stations and trains scientifically.METHODS The government authorities organized multi-ple prevention and control experts from transportation,medical care and prevention fields to conduct in-depth re-search through methods such as meetings and on-site investigations,and combined with their practical experi-ence in this field to formulate this expert consensus.RESULTS In-depth studies were conducted on the prevention and control strategies,measures and emergency response system construction of respiratory infectious diseases in railway stations and trains,and this expert consensus was formed.CONCLUSION This expert consensus supple-ments improves the existing prevention and control system for respiratory infectious diseases in railway stations and trains,and provides an important reference basis for the prevention and control of respiratory infectious disea-ses in railway stations and trains.

Objective:To investigate the effect of p38MAPK signaling pathway mediating progesterone regulation on IL-8 protein secretion by decidual stromal cells(DSCs)on early spontaneous miscarriage.Methods:IHC and Western blot were applied to detect protein expressions of p38MAPK and p-p38MAPK in decidual tissues of miscarriage group and control group.Human DSCs in early pregnancy were isolated in vitro and cultured to be treated with different concentrations of progesterone(0.01 μmol/L,0.1 μmol/L,1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L),with ELISA measuring IL-8 protein secretion from DSCs and Western blot measuring protein expressions of p38MAPK and p-p38MAPK in DSCs.After treatment with p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580,IL-8 protein secretion was detected by ELISA in progesterone+inhibitor group,progesterone group and control group.Results:Protein expression of p-p38MAPK in decidual tissues of miscarriage group was significantly higher than that of control group(P=0.002 3).Protein secretion of IL-8 in DSCs of 0.01 μmol/L progesterone group was lower than that of control group(P=0.027 6),protein expression of p-p38MAPK in DSCs of 0.1 μmol/L proges-terone group was lower than that of control group(P=0.025 3),IL-8 protein expression was significantly lower than that in control group(P=0.007 0),and protein expressions of both IL-8 and p-p38MAPK from DSCs in 1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L progesterone groups were significantly lower than those in control group(P=0.003 2,P=0.001 9;P=0.002 2,P=0.001 3).IL-8 protein secretion in proges-terone+p38MAPK inhibitor group was further reduced compared to progesterone group(P=0.046 6).Conclusion:Abnormal activation of p38MAPK signaling pathway is involved in early spontaneous miscarriage,and progesterone may down-regulate IL-8 expression in DSCs by inhibiting p38MAPK phosphorylation to correct early spontaneous miscarriage caused by Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance.

Objective:To investigate the effect of p38MAPK signaling pathway mediating progesterone regulation on IL-8 protein secretion by decidual stromal cells(DSCs)on early spontaneous miscarriage.Methods:IHC and Western blot were applied to detect protein expressions of p38MAPK and p-p38MAPK in decidual tissues of miscarriage group and control group.Human DSCs in early pregnancy were isolated in vitro and cultured to be treated with different concentrations of progesterone(0.01 μmol/L,0.1 μmol/L,1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L),with ELISA measuring IL-8 protein secretion from DSCs and Western blot measuring protein expressions of p38MAPK and p-p38MAPK in DSCs.After treatment with p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580,IL-8 protein secretion was detected by ELISA in progesterone+inhibitor group,progesterone group and control group.Results:Protein expression of p-p38MAPK in decidual tissues of miscarriage group was significantly higher than that of control group(P=0.002 3).Protein secretion of IL-8 in DSCs of 0.01 μmol/L progesterone group was lower than that of control group(P=0.027 6),protein expression of p-p38MAPK in DSCs of 0.1 μmol/L proges-terone group was lower than that of control group(P=0.025 3),IL-8 protein expression was significantly lower than that in control group(P=0.007 0),and protein expressions of both IL-8 and p-p38MAPK from DSCs in 1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L progesterone groups were significantly lower than those in control group(P=0.003 2,P=0.001 9;P=0.002 2,P=0.001 3).IL-8 protein secretion in proges-terone+p38MAPK inhibitor group was further reduced compared to progesterone group(P=0.046 6).Conclusion:Abnormal activation of p38MAPK signaling pathway is involved in early spontaneous miscarriage,and progesterone may down-regulate IL-8 expression in DSCs by inhibiting p38MAPK phosphorylation to correct early spontaneous miscarriage caused by Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance.

Objective To explore the distribution characteristics and development trend of TCM prevention and treatment for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)by analyzing the clinical trials of TCM prevention and treatment for IBS registered in China Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR).Methods The ChiCTR database was retrieved to collect and organize clinical trials related to the TCM prevention and treatment of IBS from the establishment of the database to May 1,2024.Characteristics of the included trials were analyzed and summarized using SPSS 25.0 and Excel 2021.Results A total of 73 clinical trials were included,of which 65 were pre-registered.The registered research projects involved 14 provincial-level administrative regions,including Beijing,Jiangsu,Guangdong,Shanghai,and Sichuan,and 46 clinical trial institutions,among which Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(6 items,7.89%)registered a higher number.The top three sources of research funding were,in order,local finance(26 items,35.62%),state finance(20 items,27.40%),and hospital funding(10 items,13.70%).The types of studies were predominantly interventional(68 items,93.15%),and the study designs were predominantly randomized parallel controlled studies(64 items,87.67%),but only 27 studies(36.99%)used a blinded approach.The main interventions included acupuncture and moxibustion,Chinese patent medicines,classic prescriptions/hospital-prepared remedies,etc.Conclusion The number of clinical research registrations in this field has been gradually increasing in recent years,but there are problems such as uneven regional distribution,low use of blinding,and lack of standardization of registration information.

Objective To analyze the clinical trial projects of TCM treatment for psoriasis registered at the China Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR);To provide references for clinical research in this field.Methods Clinical trial studies on the TCM treatment for psoriasis were retrieved from the ChiCTR database from the establishment of the database to June 17,2024.Excel 2019 and GraphPad Prism 9.0 were used to organize and analyze the general characteristics included in registered clinical trials.Results Totally 65 TCM-related trials were included,of which 58(89.23%)were prospectively registered,and 55(84.62%)had undergone ethical review.The majority of trials were registered in Guangdong,Beijing and Shanghai,collectively accounting for 78.46%(n=51)of the total.The leading institution,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine,contributed 19 trials.Funding was predominantly sourced from governmental bodies,with 72.31%(n=47)supported by national or regional grants.Among the registered studies,interventional trials predominated(n=56),including 46 randomised parallel-controlled designs.Blinding was implemented in 23 trials,and biospecimen collection was reported in 48 studies.40 trials were single-centre studies,and a cumulative sample size was 17 695 participants.Common interventions included oral administration of classical TCM formulations or hospital-prepared remedies,alongside topical applications such as medicated baths and ointments.The primary outcome measure in most trials was the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index.Conclusion While the number of registered clinical trials on TCM for psoriasis in China demonstrates a fluctuating yet upward trend,the overall volume remains modest.Disparities in regional distribution,methodological variability,and incomplete trial registration details highlight areas for improvement.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and future trends of clinical trials related to TCM prevention and treatment of constipation by analyzing the clinical trials registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR).Methods The clinical trials data related to TCM prevention and treatment of constipation in the ChiCTR database were retrieved from the establishment of the database to April 15,2024.Excel 2019 was utilized for de-duplication.Subsequently,SPSS 26.0 was employed to analyze the general characteristics,research types,intervention measures,etc.of the included trials,charts were drawn,and the clinical trial characteristics were summarized.Results A total of 107 clinical trials were included,with 102 being pre-registered,involving 21 provincial-level administrative regions and 75 clinical institutions.The top five regions in terms of the number of registered clinical trials were Beijing(19.63%),Shanghai(15.89%),Guangdong(14.02%),Sichuan(10.28%)and Jiangsu(9.35%).The top three sources of funding were local finance(28.97%),self-raised funds(18.69%)and hospital-funded funds(15.89%).The research types were mostly intervention studies(92.52%),of which 41 explicitly stated the use of blinding methods,and the main research design type is randomized parallel controlled trial.Conclusion The number of clinical trials related to TCM prevention and treatment of constipation registered in ChiCTR is on an upward trend.However,there is a noticeable geographical imbalance in the distribution of these trials,and there is a need for further improvement in the quality of trial design and the standardization of registration information.

Objective To analyze the current status of clinical trial registration of common anorectal diseases in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR)and the research of TCM.Methods The ChiCTR database was retrieved to collect and organize clinical trials related to hemorrhoids,anal fissures,anal fistulas,perianal abscesses,and perianal eczema.The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to December 10,2023.Characterization of included registration trials was analyzed.Results A total of 148 registered projects were included,75 of which were TCM-related clinical trials.Among them,134 clinical trials were pre-registered and 121 passed the ethical review.Shanghai,Jiangsu,Guangdong,Beijing and Sichuan accounted for 76.35％of the total number of registrations,and the largest number of registered projects was in Shuguang Hospital affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The top 3 funding sources were local finance,self-funding and hospital funding.The registered projects were mainly intervention studies.114 studies used randomized methods and 34 studies were blinded.Conclusion At present,the number of ChiCTR-registered clinical trials on anorectal diseases is on an increasing trend,and the treatment of anorectal diseases with TCM has obvious characteristics.However,there are cases of irregular filling of registration content and uneven regional distribution.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of a domestically developed robotic surgical system based on fiber-optic dedicated line communication in cross-regional urological telesurgery.Methods:This was multicenter，single-arm，retrospective case series study. The data of patients who underwent urological telesurgeries using the telesurgical system between January 2023 and December 2024 were analyzed. The cohort included 59 patients from seven hospitals across China. Among the patients，47 were male（79.7%）and 12 were female（20.3%），with a median age of 63.0（56.0，68.0）years and a body mass index of（24.7 ± 3.0）kg/m 2. Surgical procedures included 32 radical prostatectomies，24 partial nephrectomies，one radical nephrectomy，one adrenalectomy，and one ureteral reconstruction. The perioperative indicators，pathological results and postoperative complications were analyzed. The network monitoring data were collected，and the perioperative data of patients，remote system monitoring data and costs were compared between the two communication modes of optical transport network（OTN）and cloud-connect network（CCN）. Results:All 59 remote surgeries were successfully completed，with a mean operative time of（138.0 ± 54.0）minutes，median intraoperative blood loss of 50.0（30.0，100.0）ml and a postoperative hospital stay of 5.0（4.0，6.0）days. No cases required reoperation，Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 complications，or readmission. The geographical distance between the primary and remote surgical sites ranged from 450 to 2 800 km. Network monitoring revealed increased bidirectional latency with distance increasing：the shortest latency time（Hefei-Hangzhou，450 km）was（16.59 ± 0.80）ms，while the longest（Harbin-Hangzhou，2 200 km）latency time was（53.31 ± 0.31）ms. Average frame loss per procedure was 0?1.27 frames. The results of subgroup analysis comparing OTN and CCN communication modes showed no significant differences in operative time［（130.7 ± 70.5）minutes vs.（142.1 ± 42.9）minutes， P = 0.442］，postoperative hospitalization［6.0（4.0，8.0）d vs. 5.0（4.0，6.0）d， P = 0.581］，or readmission rates（0 vs. 0）. However，CCN demonstrated significant cost advantages with 500 RMB per operation vs. 3 000 RMB per operation for OTN. Conclusions:Urological telesurgery using fiber-optic communication is feasible. The CCN mode，with its cost-effectiveness，excellent usability，and multi-point interconnection flexibility，is currently the preferred communication model for telesurgical applications.

Objective To explore the distribution characteristics and development trend of TCM prevention and treatment for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)by analyzing the clinical trials of TCM prevention and treatment for IBS registered in China Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR).Methods The ChiCTR database was retrieved to collect and organize clinical trials related to the TCM prevention and treatment of IBS from the establishment of the database to May 1,2024.Characteristics of the included trials were analyzed and summarized using SPSS 25.0 and Excel 2021.Results A total of 73 clinical trials were included,of which 65 were pre-registered.The registered research projects involved 14 provincial-level administrative regions,including Beijing,Jiangsu,Guangdong,Shanghai,and Sichuan,and 46 clinical trial institutions,among which Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(6 items,7.89%)registered a higher number.The top three sources of research funding were,in order,local finance(26 items,35.62%),state finance(20 items,27.40%),and hospital funding(10 items,13.70%).The types of studies were predominantly interventional(68 items,93.15%),and the study designs were predominantly randomized parallel controlled studies(64 items,87.67%),but only 27 studies(36.99%)used a blinded approach.The main interventions included acupuncture and moxibustion,Chinese patent medicines,classic prescriptions/hospital-prepared remedies,etc.Conclusion The number of clinical research registrations in this field has been gradually increasing in recent years,but there are problems such as uneven regional distribution,low use of blinding,and lack of standardization of registration information.