Objective: To evaluate the intervention effect of school based salt reduction health education, so as to provide a scientific basis for constructing a more effective and sustainable salt reduction intervention model for children. Methods: According to a randomized controlled trial design, in June 2022, probability proportional to size sampling was used to select 501 second grade students (248 in the control group and 253 in the intervention group) from 10 primary schools in Zhenjiang (intervention group) and 10 primary schools in Yangzhou (control group), Jiangsu Province. An one year school based salt reduction health education intervention was implemented. This included 20 online and 8 offline health education sessions, monitoring of salt consumption in the canteen, and the establishment of a salt reduction environment on campus. The control group received no additional salt reduction interventions. A questionnaire survey and 24 hour urinary sodium test were conducted before and after the intervention. The difference in differences method was used to evaluate the intervention effect. Results: After the intervention, the intervention group showed significant net intervention effects in knowledge aspects, including knowing that primary school students consume less salt than adults ( OR=3.55,95%CI =1.69-7.47), daily salt intake of primary school students ( OR=6.64,95%CI =3.71-11.87), long term high salt intake leading to hypertension ( OR=6.83,95%CI =3.93-11.91), low salt intake not causing hair graying ( OR= 1.66 ,95%CI =1.00-2.75), salt content in food labels ( OR=4.56,95%CI =2.63-7.91), and common high salt foods ( OR=3.39,95%CI =1.87-6.14) (all P <0.05). In terms of attitude, the net intervention effect for having a positive attitude toward using less salt in home cooking was significantly increased ( OR=1.88,95%CI =1.13-3.12, P <0.05). There were no statistically significant net intervention effects for salt reduction related behaviors (all P >0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the changes of 24 hour urinary sodium between the intervention group and the control group before and after intervention ( P >0.05). Conclusions School based salt reduction health education effectively improves students salt reduction knowledge and attitudes but has a limited effect on behavior change. The home-school collaboration should be strengthened, and the dietary environment should be optimized simultaneously.

Purpose To explore the application value of spectral CT vascular optimization technique for laparoscopic right hemicolectomy.Materials and Methods Ninety patients who underwent contrast-enhanced CT with spectral CT before scheduled laparoscopic right hemicolectomy from March to November 2022 in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The raw images were reconstructed to obtain 120 kVp conventional images and spectral-based virtual monochromatic images(VMIs)at 40,50,60,70 keV.The CT value and image noise of gastrocolic trunk of Henle(GTH),right colic vein(RCV)and ileocolic vein(ICV)were measured.The CT value,image noise,signal noise ratio and contrast noise ratio of VMIs and conventional image were analyzed.The image quality and venous anatomical information of each group were evaluated subjectively with three-dimensional reconstruction technique.Results The CT value[(405.55±103.06)Hu,(406.61±103.42)Hu,402.35(337.95,477.45)Hu],image noise[19.90(12.10,34.55)Hu,21.10(10.95,44.30)Hu,19.70(11.25,44.80)Hu],signal noise ratio[19.46(10.60,36.31),20.16(8.73,37.42),18.49(9.99,36.24)]and contrast noise ratio[53.36(35.92,70.79),52.34(33.73,81.03),56.23(34.69,79.97)]of GTH,RCV,ICV of VMIs at 40 keV were significantly higher than those of conventional image and other VMIs(F/H=268.53,23.17,33.09,198.77,272.51,28.93,25.48,189.62,318.24,29.42,20.13,212.46,all P<0.001).Subjective scores showed that the image quality and vascular visualization of GTH,RCV and ICV at 40 keV were the best.Conclusion Spectral CT can improve the imaging quality and vascular visualization of GTH,RCV and ICV.VMIs at 40 keV has the optimal performance.

Purpose To explore the application value of spectral CT vascular optimization technique for laparoscopic right hemicolectomy.Materials and Methods Ninety patients who underwent contrast-enhanced CT with spectral CT before scheduled laparoscopic right hemicolectomy from March to November 2022 in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The raw images were reconstructed to obtain 120 kVp conventional images and spectral-based virtual monochromatic images(VMIs)at 40,50,60,70 keV.The CT value and image noise of gastrocolic trunk of Henle(GTH),right colic vein(RCV)and ileocolic vein(ICV)were measured.The CT value,image noise,signal noise ratio and contrast noise ratio of VMIs and conventional image were analyzed.The image quality and venous anatomical information of each group were evaluated subjectively with three-dimensional reconstruction technique.Results The CT value[(405.55±103.06)Hu,(406.61±103.42)Hu,402.35(337.95,477.45)Hu],image noise[19.90(12.10,34.55)Hu,21.10(10.95,44.30)Hu,19.70(11.25,44.80)Hu],signal noise ratio[19.46(10.60,36.31),20.16(8.73,37.42),18.49(9.99,36.24)]and contrast noise ratio[53.36(35.92,70.79),52.34(33.73,81.03),56.23(34.69,79.97)]of GTH,RCV,ICV of VMIs at 40 keV were significantly higher than those of conventional image and other VMIs(F/H=268.53,23.17,33.09,198.77,272.51,28.93,25.48,189.62,318.24,29.42,20.13,212.46,all P<0.001).Subjective scores showed that the image quality and vascular visualization of GTH,RCV and ICV at 40 keV were the best.Conclusion Spectral CT can improve the imaging quality and vascular visualization of GTH,RCV and ICV.VMIs at 40 keV has the optimal performance.

Objective To discuss the possible etiology,pathogenesis,clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of epidermoid cysts of the jaw and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A case of an epi-dermoid cyst in the right mandible with retained deciduous teeth and succedaneous impacted teeth was reviewed and an-alyzed in combination with the relevant literature.Results A patient presented with a mass in the right mandible that had persisted for 1 month after being found at imaging examination.Tooth 83 was retained,and tooth 43 was unerupted.Swelling was characterized by no obvious tenderness,fluctuation,or table tennis sensation and was observed in the lin-gual alveoli of teeth 83,44,and 45.Imaging revealed a low-density shadow in the apex of teeth 83,44,45,and 46,approximately 1.9 cm × 2.6 cm × 1.6 cm in size,which wrapped around the dental crown of tooth 43.Preliminary diag-noses were as follows:right mandibular mass thought to be a dentigerous cyst;impacted tooth 43;and retained primary tooth 83.The mass in the right mandible was removed,and teeth 43 and 83 were extracted under intravenous and inha-lation anesthesia.During the operation,the mass was observed to have a thin cyst wall and contained bean-like residue.Histopathological examination indicated an epidermoid cyst in the right mandible.At the 1-week follow-up examination,the patient reported no discomfort,and the surgical area showed good recovery.According to the literature,epidermoid cysts are benign cysts originating from ectopic ectodermal tissue that can occur throughout the body but rarely in the oral cavity and are even extremely rarer in the jaw.Epidermoid cysts of the jaw,which have no specific clinical manifes-tations,can be confused with odontogenic cysts such as dentigerous cysts and odontogenic tumors.Dental pulp tests and other techniques can serve as a reference for clinicians.The diagnosis is confirmed via histopathology.Surgical removal is a common treatment,with a good prognosis and a low recurrence rate.Conclusion The principle of treatment for an epidermoid cyst of the jaw is similar to that for a jaw cyst.The prognosis is good when the cyst is removed completely.

Objective To investigate the effect of aqueous extract of Scrophularia ningpoensis(AESN)on AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)activity in INS-1 cells under high glucose(HG)conditions.Methods INS-1 cells were cultured in HG medium and treated with different concentrations of AESN.The influences of AESN on cell viability and pyroptotic body formation were detected using the CCK-8 assay.Western blotting was used to observe the effects of AESN on AMPK expression and phosphorylation.The effect of AESN on AMPK activity was measured using time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer(TR-FRET)assay.Results Compared with normal glucose controls,INS-1 cells exposed to HG showed decreased cell viabilities and increased formation of pyroptotic bubbles using CCK-8 assay.Western blotting results indicated that HG exposure led to a decrease in intracellular AMPK phosphorylation levels.However,co-incubation with AESN under HG exposure AESN treatment increased the cell viabilities and phosphorylation of AMPK and decreased the pyroptotic bubbles formation in a concentration-dependent manner.In addition,the results of TR-FRET revealed that AESN treatment effectively increased AMPK activity in a concentration-dependent manner.Conclusion AESN has an activating effect on AMPK activity in HG-treated INS-1 cells.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the early childhood BMI change trajectory.Methods:The subjects were 1 241 pairs of pregnant women and their children in Ma'anshan maternal and infant health cohort. The food frequency questionnaire was used to collect the maternal diet data during pregnancy. The cohort children were followed up at birth, month 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24, respectively. The body height and weight data of the cohort children were collected. The principal component analysis was used to determine the categories of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy, group-based multi-trajectory modeling was used to fit the early childhood BMI change trajectory, and the multiple classification logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between the maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the early childhood BMI change trajectory.Results:The maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy included protein type, healthy type, vegetarian type, processing type and beverage type, which could explain 50.04% of the total dietary variation. Among them, the protein type, main dietary pattern, could explain 21.34% of the total dietary variation. The early childhood BMI change trajectory was from thinnish stature to average stature, then to mild obesity, accounting for 42.9%, 45.6% and 11.5% respectively. After controlling the potential confounding factors, it was found that there was a statistical correlation between healthy type and beverage type of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and early childhood BMI change trajectory ( P<0.05). Comparison of change trajectories between thinnish type and average stature type, children in the low-level group of healthy diet pattern tended to have a thinnish type change trajectory in early life ( OR=1.286, 95% CI: 1.002-1.651). Comparison of change trajectories between mild obesity type and average stature type, children in the high-level group of beverage diet pattern tended to have a mild obesity type change trajectory in early life ( OR=0.565, 95% CI: 0.342-0.935). The other dietary patterns had no statistical correlation with the early childhood BMI change trajectory. Conclusions:Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy can affect the early childhood BMI change trajectory, and the low-level healthy type diet is an independent risk factor for thinnish type change trajectory, and the high-level beverage type diet is an independent risk factor for the mild obesity type change trajectory.

Objective:To search, screen, and summarize the best evidence-based evidence for procedural pain management in adult patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), so as to provide reference for clinical practice.Methods:Guidelines, clinical decisions, expert consensus, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trial (RCT) on procedural pain management for adult patients in ICU were searched in domestic and foreign databases, guide websites, and professional association websites. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to August 31, 2022.Results:A total of 14 articles were included, including six guidelines, three RCTs, three systematic reviews, and two clinical decisions. A total of 8 themes and 27 best evidence were extracted.Conclusions:It is recommended that clinical medical and nursing personnel provide personalized and multimodal procedural pain intervention measures for adult patients in ICU in a timely manner in accordance with the medication principles of procedural pain management, in order to improve the procedural pain experience of ICU patients and the quality of nursing.

Objective : To investigate the association between adiposity rebound and metabolic abnormalities in pre- schools． Methods : A prospective cohort study was designed on the basis of the Maanshan birth cohort． Venous blood samples were collected at 5 to 6 years of age to detect metabolic indicators．2022 children aged 0 to 6 years with ≥8 consecutive measurements were enrolled. χ2 test and Logistic regression model were used to analyze the data. Results : The detection rate of abnormal metabolism in preschool children was 16. 9% ，and the risk of meta- bolic abnormalities in preschool children with high BMI level at the AR time point and earlier AR time phase was 2. 59 and 1. 82 times that of the normal group respectively． Conclusion High AR level and earlier AR phase can increase the prevalence of metabolic abnormalities in preschool children.

Purpose: This study was to investigate the work experience of newly recruited male nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: With a phenomenological approach, this qualitative study was adopted semistructured interviews by phone or video calls. A total of 9 male nurses newly recruited for the COVID-19 wards in Chinese hospitals were interviewed for this study. And Colaizzi's method was applied for evaluation in the data analysis. Results: Based on our findings, three themes were extracted. First, the newly recruited male nurses showed negative emotions at the beginning of COVID-19 epidemic, which was caused by changes in working conditions and content, but also prompted the nurses to change the way of coping with the crisis. Second, they gradually mastered the working skills and psychological training to cope with COVID-19 and developed a positive attitude toward life and a high sense of professional responsibility. Finally, we learned about their needs to respond to public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion COVID-19 is a disaster for all of humanity. The newly recruited male nurses are an important force in emergency rescue. Although they suffered from short-term negative emotions, they quickly adapted to the crisis. In order to better prepare for future emergencies, the disaster response capacity of newly recruited male nurses needs to be further improved. In addition, newly recruited male nurses have a strong demand for timely and personalized career development guidance.

Purpose: This study was to investigate the work experience of newly recruited male nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: With a phenomenological approach, this qualitative study was adopted semistructured interviews by phone or video calls. A total of 9 male nurses newly recruited for the COVID-19 wards in Chinese hospitals were interviewed for this study. And Colaizzi's method was applied for evaluation in the data analysis. Results: Based on our findings, three themes were extracted. First, the newly recruited male nurses showed negative emotions at the beginning of COVID-19 epidemic, which was caused by changes in working conditions and content, but also prompted the nurses to change the way of coping with the crisis. Second, they gradually mastered the working skills and psychological training to cope with COVID-19 and developed a positive attitude toward life and a high sense of professional responsibility. Finally, we learned about their needs to respond to public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion COVID-19 is a disaster for all of humanity. The newly recruited male nurses are an important force in emergency rescue. Although they suffered from short-term negative emotions, they quickly adapted to the crisis. In order to better prepare for future emergencies, the disaster response capacity of newly recruited male nurses needs to be further improved. In addition, newly recruited male nurses have a strong demand for timely and personalized career development guidance.