Osteoporosis is a common senile bone metabolism disease， clinically characterized by decreased bone mass， destruction of bone microstructure， increased bone fragility， and easy fracture. It tends to occur in the elderly and postmenopausal women， seriously threatening the quality of life and physical and mental health of the elderly. At present， the treatment of osteoporosis is mainly based on oral western medicines， such as calcium， Vitamin D， and bisphosphonates. Still， there are drawbacks such as a long medication cycle and many adverse reactions. In recent years， due to the advantages of multi-component， multi-pathway， and multi-target， some traditional Chinese medicines and effective ingredients can regulate the osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation process in both directions and are widely used in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Hippophae rhamnoides is a commonly used herbal medicine， and its fruits are rich in flavonoids， polyphenols， fatty acids， vitamins， and trace elements， which have been proven to have a good anti-osteoporosis effect. Isorhamnetin is the main effective ingredient of Hippophae rhamnoides fruits， which has many pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammation， anti-oxidative stress， anti-aging， and anti-tumor. Studies have shown that isorhamnetin can participate in the regulation of bone metabolism and has a good anti-osteoporosis effect. However， the pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of isorhamnetin against osteoporosis have not been systematically summarized. Therefore， this paper reviewed the pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of isorhamnetin against osteoporosis by referring to relevant literature to provide more basis for the development and application of isorhamnetin.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the time characteristics of the Ethos online adaptive radiotherapy (OART) process in clinical practice and provide guidance for the comprehensive optimization of each stage of adaptive radiotherapy. METHODS: The study involved 61 patients with cervical, rectal, gastric, lung, esophageal, and breast cancers who underwent Ethos OART. The mean ± standard deviation of segmental time, total time, and target volume for these patients were tracked. The time characteristics for different cancer types were evaluated, and the average time for target and organ at risk (OAR) modifications was compared with the average target volume for each cancer type. RESULTS: Cervical cancer born the longest total treatment time, while breast cancer had the shortest. For all cancer types except breast cancer, the modification time for target and OAR was the most time-consuming segment. The average time for target and OAR modifications aligned with the trend of the average target volume. CONCLUSION The total treatment time for various cancers ranges from 15 to 35 minutes, indicating room for improvement.
Humans ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Neoplasms/radiotherapy* ; Female

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of the treatment combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on patients with herpes zoster.Methods:A total of 72 patients with herpes zoster treated in the Department of Dermatology of Zhengzhou Second Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected and divided into HBO group and control group by random number table method, with 36 patients in each group. The control group received acyclovir and other conventional treatments, while the HBO group received HBO on the basis of the treatments of the control group. The improvement of the skin lesions, scores of numeric rating scales (NRS) on pain, and efficacy of the two groups were observed and evaluated after treatment. After a 3-month follow-up, the occurrence of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) was statistically analyzed.Results:The time of blistering relieving, incrustation, and complete incrustation of the HBO group were all lower than those of the control group with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). The NRS scores of both groups were all lower than those before treatment with significantly statistical difference ( P<0.01); and the NRS scores of the HBO group were significantly lower than those of the control group after treatment ( P<0.05). The total effective rate of the HBO group (91.67%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (83.33%). The difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.31, P=0.04). After treatment, 3 cases of PHN occurred in the HBO group, while 7 cases in the control group; the PHN incidence of the HBO group was lower than that of the control group with significantly statistical difference ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In treating herpes zoster, the treatment combined with HBO can achieve a satisfactory therapeutic effect, which is worthy of popularization and application in clinic.

Objective:To observe and evaluate the clinical effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined therapy on patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).Methods:A total of 110 patients with NAION admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of Zhengzhou Second Hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 who met the inclusion criteria were selected and divided into control group (55 cases) and hyperbaric oxygen group (55 cases) by random number table method. The control group was given conventional therapies such as hormone shock, microcirculation improvement, and nerve nutrition, while the hyperbaric oxygen group was given conventional treatment and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, with chamber pressure of 2.0 ATA, once a day, 10 times for a course of treatment for 30 days. The visual acuity, mean sensitivity (MS), mean defect (MD), pattern visual evoked potential (PVEP) amplitude, and latency period of the two groups were observed and analyzed to evaluate the efficacy of treatment. The effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined therapy on serum human chondroglycoprotein-39 (chtinase-3-like-1 protein, YKL-40) in patients with NAION was also observed.Results:Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in visual acuity, mean sensitivity, mean defect, PVEP amplitude, latency period, and serum YKL-40 between the two groups ( P>0.05). The visual MD in the hyperbaric oxygen group after treatment was lower than that in the control group after treatment and also lower than that before treatment in the same group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The visual acuity and MS in the hyperbaric oxygen group after treatment were higher than those in the control group and also those before treatment in the same group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The PVEP amplitudes of the patients in the hyperbaric oxygen group were higher than those in the control group and also those before treatment in the same group, and the latency period was earlier than that in the control group and also that before treatment in the same group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). The level of serum YKL-40 reached the peak after 7 days of treatment. After 3, 7, 15 and 30 days of treatment, the levels of serum YKL-40 were all lower than those of the control group on the same day, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate of the hyperbaric oxygen group (83.63%) was higher than that of the control group (74.55%), but there was no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Hyperbaric oxygen combined therapy can significantly improve the vision acuity, MS, MD, PVEP amplitude, and latency period of the patients with NAION, and reduce inflammatory response, which is beneficial to improve clinical efficacy.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of the treatment combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on patients with herpes zoster.Methods:A total of 72 patients with herpes zoster treated in the Department of Dermatology of Zhengzhou Second Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected and divided into HBO group and control group by random number table method, with 36 patients in each group. The control group received acyclovir and other conventional treatments, while the HBO group received HBO on the basis of the treatments of the control group. The improvement of the skin lesions, scores of numeric rating scales (NRS) on pain, and efficacy of the two groups were observed and evaluated after treatment. After a 3-month follow-up, the occurrence of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) was statistically analyzed.Results:The time of blistering relieving, incrustation, and complete incrustation of the HBO group were all lower than those of the control group with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). The NRS scores of both groups were all lower than those before treatment with significantly statistical difference ( P<0.01); and the NRS scores of the HBO group were significantly lower than those of the control group after treatment ( P<0.05). The total effective rate of the HBO group (91.67%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (83.33%). The difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.31, P=0.04). After treatment, 3 cases of PHN occurred in the HBO group, while 7 cases in the control group; the PHN incidence of the HBO group was lower than that of the control group with significantly statistical difference ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In treating herpes zoster, the treatment combined with HBO can achieve a satisfactory therapeutic effect, which is worthy of popularization and application in clinic.

Objective:To observe and evaluate the clinical effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined therapy on patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).Methods:A total of 110 patients with NAION admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of Zhengzhou Second Hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 who met the inclusion criteria were selected and divided into control group (55 cases) and hyperbaric oxygen group (55 cases) by random number table method. The control group was given conventional therapies such as hormone shock, microcirculation improvement, and nerve nutrition, while the hyperbaric oxygen group was given conventional treatment and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, with chamber pressure of 2.0 ATA, once a day, 10 times for a course of treatment for 30 days. The visual acuity, mean sensitivity (MS), mean defect (MD), pattern visual evoked potential (PVEP) amplitude, and latency period of the two groups were observed and analyzed to evaluate the efficacy of treatment. The effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined therapy on serum human chondroglycoprotein-39 (chtinase-3-like-1 protein, YKL-40) in patients with NAION was also observed.Results:Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in visual acuity, mean sensitivity, mean defect, PVEP amplitude, latency period, and serum YKL-40 between the two groups ( P>0.05). The visual MD in the hyperbaric oxygen group after treatment was lower than that in the control group after treatment and also lower than that before treatment in the same group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The visual acuity and MS in the hyperbaric oxygen group after treatment were higher than those in the control group and also those before treatment in the same group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The PVEP amplitudes of the patients in the hyperbaric oxygen group were higher than those in the control group and also those before treatment in the same group, and the latency period was earlier than that in the control group and also that before treatment in the same group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). The level of serum YKL-40 reached the peak after 7 days of treatment. After 3, 7, 15 and 30 days of treatment, the levels of serum YKL-40 were all lower than those of the control group on the same day, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate of the hyperbaric oxygen group (83.63%) was higher than that of the control group (74.55%), but there was no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Hyperbaric oxygen combined therapy can significantly improve the vision acuity, MS, MD, PVEP amplitude, and latency period of the patients with NAION, and reduce inflammatory response, which is beneficial to improve clinical efficacy.

Objective: To observe and explore the therapeutic efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in the treatment of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). Methods: A total of 139 NAION patients were randomly divided into a control group of 72 and a hyperbaric oxygen group of 67. Both groups were given conventional drugs including prednisolone, mecobalamin and compound anisodine, while the hyperbaric oxygen group was additionally provided with hyperbaric oxygen treatment at a pressure of 0.2MPa once a day for 30 days. Each day′s treatment lasted for 110 minutes, including 20 minutes at increasing pressure, 20 minutes decreasing and 60 minutes with the pressure stable at 0.2MPa. Before and after the 30-day treatment, the visual acuity and visual mean sensitivity (MS) of the two groups were observed and compared. Results: There was no significant difference between the control group and the hyperbaric oxygen group in terms of average visual acuity or visual MS before the treatment. Afterward the average visual acuity (4.88±0.25) and visual MS (16.68±1.19) of the hyperbaric oxygen group were significantly higher than before the treatment and significantly better than those of the control group. The total effective rate of the hyperbaric oxygen group was 91%, significantly higher than that of the control group (75%). Conclusions Conventional treatment combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy can significantly promote the visual acuity and visual MS of NAION patients.

Objective To observe the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM),Caspase-3 and interleukin (IL)-6 in optic nerve tissue of ischemic optic neuropathy (ION).Methods Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group and model group,10 rats in each group.The permanent ligation of bilateral internal carotid arteries (BICA) was performed for 14 days to establish subacute ION model as model group.The control group were separated BICA without ligation.The expressions of TREM-1,TREM-2,Caspase-3 and IL-6 in rat retina were detected by reverse transcription PCR and Western blot,respectively.Results Compared with the control group,the expressions of TREM-1,Caspase-3,IL-6mRNA (t=6.058,7.86,6.055) and protein (t=9.671,9.524,14.501) in the optic nerve tissue of the model group were increased,while the expression ofTREM-2 mRNA and protein (t=9.283) was decreased,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion In ischemic optic nerve tissue,TREM-1 mRNA and protein were significantly expressed,the expressions of TREM-2 mRNA and protein decreased significantly.

Objective To observe the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on oxidative stress and apoptosis in the rats with ischemic optic neuropathy.Methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:the sham surgery group,the model group and the HBO group,each consisting of 10 rats.The sham surgery group just received surgery,but without ischemic optic neuropathy.The rats in the model and HBO groups were treated with ischemic optic neuropathy,but the HBO group received HBO therapy after surgery.The expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA and NF-κB mRNA in the optic nerve were detected by realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR,the expression levels of Nrf2 nucleoprotein and NF-κB protein in the optic nerve were identified by Western-blotting and the levels of blood peroxide (CAT),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of various groups were detected by ELISA.Results The expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA,Nrf2 nucleoprotein,NF-κB mRNA and NF-κB protein in the optic nerve of the model group were all higher than those of the sham surgery group,and there was statistical significance when comparisons were made between them (P ＜0.05).The activity of CAT,SOD and GSH-Px in the model group was lower than that in the sham surgery group,and statistical significance could also be seen when comparisons were made between them (P ＜ 0.05).The expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA,Nrf2 nucleoprotein,and the activity of CAT,SOD and GSH-Px in the HBO group were all significantly higher than those of the model group,and statistical significance could also be noted when comparisons were made between them (P ＜0.05).The expression levels of NF-κB mRNA and NF-κB in the HBO group were significantly lower than those of the model group,and statistical significance could also be found when comparisons were made between them (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions HBO therapy could up-regulate the expression level of Nrf2 nucleoprotein,increase the activity of CAT,SOD and GSH-Px,inhibit the expression level of NF-κB and improve the capacity of anti-oxygenation and anti-apoptosis in the rats with ischemic optic neuropathy.

Objective To observe the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on oxidative stress and apoptosis in the rats with ischemic optic neuropathy.Methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:the sham surgery group,the model group and the HBO group,each consisting of 10 rats.The sham surgery group just received surgery,but without ischemic optic neuropathy.The rats in the model and HBO groups were treated with ischemic optic neuropathy,but the HBO group received HBO therapy after surgery.The expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA and NF-κB mRNA in the optic nerve were detected by realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR,the expression levels of Nrf2 nucleoprotein and NF-κB protein in the optic nerve were identified by Western-blotting and the levels of blood peroxide (CAT),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of various groups were detected by ELISA.Results The expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA,Nrf2 nucleoprotein,NF-κB mRNA and NF-κB protein in the optic nerve of the model group were all higher than those of the sham surgery group,and there was statistical significance when comparisons were made between them (P ＜0.05).The activity of CAT,SOD and GSH-Px in the model group was lower than that in the sham surgery group,and statistical significance could also be seen when comparisons were made between them (P ＜ 0.05).The expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA,Nrf2 nucleoprotein,and the activity of CAT,SOD and GSH-Px in the HBO group were all significantly higher than those of the model group,and statistical significance could also be noted when comparisons were made between them (P ＜0.05).The expression levels of NF-κB mRNA and NF-κB in the HBO group were significantly lower than those of the model group,and statistical significance could also be found when comparisons were made between them (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions HBO therapy could up-regulate the expression level of Nrf2 nucleoprotein,increase the activity of CAT,SOD and GSH-Px,inhibit the expression level of NF-κB and improve the capacity of anti-oxygenation and anti-apoptosis in the rats with ischemic optic neuropathy.